MBOSE Class 12 Question Paper 2025 for Political Science

Meghalaya Board of School Education

QUESTION
PAPERS

Total No. of Printed Pages—11
HS/XII/A/Ps/25

2025

POLITICAL SCIENCE
Full Marks : 100

Time : 3 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

General Instructions :
(i) Write all the answers in the Answer Script.
(ii) Attempt Part—A (Objective Questions) serially.
(iii) Attempt all parts of a question together at one place.

( PART : A—OBJECTIVE )
( Marks : 50 )

SECTION—I
( Marks : 30 )

A. Choose and write the correct answer of the following
(any twenty) : 1×20=20

1. The legal rights which are essential for a free and
progressive life are known as

(a) moral rights

(b) civil rights

(c) political rights

/219 [ P.T.O.

( 2 )

2. ‘A set of international, moral and legal norms that
attempts to protect individuals everywhere from
social, economic and political abuses’, refers to
(a) legal rights
(b) civil rights
(c) human rights

3. The word ‘liberty’ was derived from the Latin word
(a) liber
(b) labour
(c) liver

4. Who believed that liberty and equality are
antagonistic and antithetical to each other?
(a) Lord Acton
(b) R. H. Tawney
(c) C. E. M. Joad

5. True equality implies
(a) identical salaries
(b) the provision of adequate opportunities for all
(c) the absence of special privileges

6. According to John Rawls, justice is
(a) equality
(b) fairness
(c) honesty

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ Contd.

( 3 )

7. Law is regarded as a ‘Command of the Sovereign’ by
(a) Austin
(b) Holland
(c) Wilson

8. Who said, “citizenship is a status attached to full
membership of a community, and those who possess
this are equal in respect of rights and duties
associated with it”?
(a) Aristotle
(b) Laski
(c) Marshall

9. Universal Adult Franchise promotes
(a) social inequality
(b) political instability
(c) democratic participation

10. In which system of representation, the constituencies
are demarcated after every census?
(a) Proportional representation
(b) Communal representation
(c) Territorial representation

11. One of the features of Marxism is
(a) class struggle
(b) class cohesion
(c) class organization

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ P.T.O.

( 4 )

12. Liberalism emphasises the value of
(a) liberty
(b) unity
(c) integrity

13. The UN came into existence on
(a) 24th, August, 1945
(b) 24th, October, 1945
(c) 25th, October, 1945

14. The Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution
are found in
(a) Part III
(b) Part IV
(c) Part V

15. The objective of the Directive Principles of State Policy
is to establish a
(a) Welfare State
(b) Socialist State
(c) Totalitarian State

16. The President of India is elected by an Electoral
College consisting of
(a) elected members of the Parliament
(b) elected members of the Legislative Assemblies
(c) elected members of the Parliament and elected
members of the Legislative Assemblies of the
States

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ Contd.

( 5 )

17. If the office of the President of India falls vacant, who
becomes the acting President?

(a) The Chief Justice of India

(b) The Vice President of India

(c) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha

18. The strength of the Union Council of Ministers must
not exceed 15% of the total members of

(a) the Lok Sabha

(b) the Rajya Sabha

(c) both the Houses of the Parliament

19. The Prime Minister of India is the

(a) Head of the State

(b) Head of the Government

(c) Head of the Rajya Sabha

20. The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as
envisaged in the Constitution is

(a) 530

(b) 545

(c) 550

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ P.T.O.

( 6 )

21. A Money Bill can be introduced only in
(a) the Lok Sabha
(b) the Rajya Sabha
(c) both the Houses of the Parliament

22. Which is the exclusive power of the Rajya Sabha?
(a) To initiate a Money Bill
(b) To declare a subject of State List as a subject of
national importance
(c) To impeach the President

23. The quorum in the sessions of the Lok Sabha or the
Rajya Sabha should be
(a) 1 th
10

(b) 1 th
12

(c) 1rd
3

24. Under the Act of 1935, an All India Court was called
as the
(a) Supreme Court
(b) Federal Court
(c) Apex Court

25. India’s agenda for reforms of the United Nations
relates mainly to
(a) restructuring of the UN Secretariat
(b) restructuring of the General Assembly
(c) restructuring of the Security Council

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ Contd.

( 7 )

B. Write whether the following statements are True or False
(any ten) : 1×10=10

1. Every right has its corresponding duty.

2. Economic liberty means that a man should be forced
to do something for earning a livelihood.

3. As a source of law, custom is very old.

4. Social justice seeks to protect the weaker section of
the society.

5. Universal adult franchise is necessary for achieving
political equality.

6. Positive liberalism gives birth to the idea of a welfare
State.

7. According to Marx, revolution is not necessary to end
the capitalist social order.

8. The headquarters of the International Court of
Justice is in the Hague.

9. Fundamental Duties were added to our Constitution
by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978.

10. The Directive Principles need legislation for their
implementation.

11. The Vice President of India is the ex-officio Chairman
of the Council of States.

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ P.T.O.

( 8 )

12. The Council of Ministers consists of four kinds of
ministers.

13. The normal duration of the House of the People is
five years.

14. A judge of the Supreme Court of India retires at the
age of 62.

15. India is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights.

SECTION—II
( Marks : 20 )

C. Answer the following questions in about 2 or 3 sentences
each (any ten) : 2×10=20

1. Write any two characteristics of rights.

2. What are the two main principles of citizenship
acquired by birth?

3. What is meant by political liberty?

4. Write any two differences between law and morality.

5. What is communal representation?

6. Name at least four States enjoying veto powers in the
UN Security Council.

7. What is preventive detention?

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ Contd.

( 9 )

8. State two differences between the Fundamental
Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy.

9. What are the three types of Emergency that can be
proclaimed by the President of India?

10. Write any two functions of the Vice President of India.

11. What is the principle of ‘Collective Responsibility’ in
India?

12. What are the two main powers and functions of the
Speaker of the Lok Sabha?

13. What are the privileges of the members of the
Parliament?

14. Write any two original jurisdictions of the Supreme
Court of India.

15. Write the full forms of the SAARC, IBRD.

( PART : B—DESCRIPTIVE )
( Marks : 50 )

GROUP—A

( Political Theory )

Answer any three of the following questions : 10×3=30

1. Define Rights. Explain the classification of Rights. 2+8=10

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ P.T.O.

( 10 )

2. What is the negative and positive meaning of equality?
Describe the kinds of equality. 2+8=10

3. Define law. Explain the kinds of law. 2+8=10

4. What is universal adult franchise? Elaborate arguments
for and arguments against universal adult franchise.
2+8=10

5. Briefly explain the features or tenets of Marxism. 10

6. What are the aims and principles of the United Nations?
5+5=10

7. Write short notes on any two of the following : 5×2=10
(a) Relationship between rights and duties
(b) Negative and positive meaning of liberty
(c) Merits of territorial representation
(d) Five tenets of liberalism
(e) Powers of the UN Secretary-General

GROUP—B
( The Indian Constitution and
the Political System in Operation )

Answer any two of the following questions : 10×2=20

8. Enumerate the Fundamental Rights of the Indian citizens. 10

9. Describe the powers and functions of the Prime Minister
of India. 10

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 [ Contd.

( 11 )

10. Explain the powers and functions of the Rajya Sabha. 10

11. Describe the composition, powers and functions of the
Supreme Court of India. 2+8=10

12. What is Non-Aligned Movement? Give an assessment of
India’s role in the NAM. 2+8=10

13. Write short notes on any two of the following : 5×2=10

(a) Fundamental Duties of the Indian citizens

(b) Gandhian principles

(c) Legislative powers of the President of India

(d) Qualifications and methods of removal of the Judges
of the Supreme Court of India

(e) National Human Rights Commission

HHH

HS/XII/A/Ps/25/219 K25—24740

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