MBOSE Class 12 Question Paper 2025 for Psychology

Meghalaya Board of School Education

QUESTION
PAPERS

Total No. of Printed Pages—15
HS/XII/A/Psy/25

2025

PSYCHOLOGY

Full Marks : 70

Time : 3 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

General Instructions :
(i) All questions are compulsory, except where internal
choice has been given.
(ii) Question Nos. 1–18 in Section–A carry 1 mark each. You
are expected to answer them as directed.
(iii) Question Nos. 19–23 in Section–B are very short answer
type–I questions carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 30 words.
(iv) Question Nos. 24–27 in Section–C are short answer
type–II questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 60 words.
(v) Question Nos. 28–31 in Section–D are long answer type–I
questions carrying 4 marks each. Answer to each
question should not exceed 120 words.
(vi) Question No. 32 in Section–E is a long answer type–II
question carrying 6 marks. Answer to this question
should not exceed 200 words.
(vii) Question Nos. 33–36 in Section–F are based on two case
studies. Each case study indicated as Case Study–1 and
Case Study–2 has two questions carrying 2 marks each.
Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.

/240 [ P.T.O.

( 2 )

SECTION—A
( Marks : 18 )

Choose and write the most appropriate answer from the choices
provided : 1×18=18

1. Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez and Billie Eilish are
excellent singers and performers. What according to
Charles Spearman two-factor theory is the factor that
allows them to excel in their respective domains?

(a) g-factor

(b) s-factor

(c) x-factor

(d) y-factor

2. Michael is a 15-year-old boy. He was sent for
psychometric testing. His IQ score showed 120. What will
his mental age be like?

(a) Mental age will be more than chronological age

(b) Mental age will be less than chronological age

(c) Mental age will be equal to chronological age

(d) Mental age will have no relationship with
chronological age

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 3 )

3. Which of the following are representative of the
psychometric approach to intelligence?

(i) Binet’s one-factor theory

(ii) Arthur Jensen’s hierarchical model of intelligence

(iii) Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences

(iv) PASS model of intelligence

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(c) (iii) and (iv)

(d) (iv) and (i)

4. Mrs. Dixit is suffering from chronic kidney disease. Her
nephrologist suggested that she undergo dialysis. She
however refuses to accept the reality of the disease that is
slowly consuming her. Which of the following defense
mechanisms is Mrs. Dixit resorting to?

(a) Repression

(b) Projection

(c) Denial

(d) Reaction formation

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 4 )

5. Which of the following statements are true about
personality?

(i) It has both physical and psychological components.

(ii) Its expression in terms of behaviour is fairly unique
in a given individual.

(iii) Its main feature does not easily change with time.

(iv) It is not adaptive to situation.

(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

(c) (iii), (iv) and (i)

(d) (i), (ii), and (iv)

6. _____ is a tendency of a person to react to a given
situation in a particular way.

(a) Habit

(b) Trait

(c) Disposition

(d) Temperament

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 5 )

7. Kong Aiti works at Mount Carmel School. Of late, she
complained about the quarrelsome neighbour, traffic
snarls, abrupt shutdown of electricity and water scarcity.
All these conditions are beginning to have a toll on her
overall well-being. On the basis of the complaint made,
identify the source of her stress.

(a) Traumatic events

(b) Major life events

(c) Daily hassles

(d) Stress disorder

8. _____ is the father of modern stress research.

(a) Richard Lazarus

(b) N. S. Endler

(c) Donald Meichenbaum

(d) Hans Selye

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 6 )

9. Which of the following is not true about abnormal
behaviour?

(i) Specific gene is responsible for abnormal behaviour.

(ii) Interpersonal and psychological factors play a
significant role in abnormal behaviour.

(iii) Societal labels such as ‘mental’, ‘crazy’, ‘sick’ do not
encourage abnormal behaviour.

(iv) Exorcism can cure abnormal behaviour.

(a) (i) only

(b) (ii) only

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(d) (i), (iii) and (iv)

10. Shanti Devi is a 48-year-old woman admitted at Nazers
Hospital. She had been complaining about constant
headache, fatigue, heart palpitations and allergies. She
also provided a long detailed histories of her illnesses.
Doctors conducted thorough examination on her and
couldn’t find any single conclusive physical symptoms of
her disease. She was later referred to the psychiatric ward
of the hospital. Which of the following psychological
disorders is Shanti Devi most likely suffering from?

(a) Dissociative disorder

(b) Somatization disorder

(c) Mood disorder

(d) Anxiety disorder

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 7 )

11. _____ are irrational fears related to specific objects,
interactions with others, and unfamiliar situations.

(a) Panic disorder

(b) Phobias

(c) Conversion disorders

(d) Pain disorders

12. Becareful was neglected by his father smiling. At school,
he was publicly ridiculed by his class teacher. This
triggered the core schema of ‘I am not wanted’. This
further lead to persistent negative thoughts such as ‘I am
stupid’, ‘I am not good enough’, ‘I am ugly’ and so on.
Which of the following therapies can be used to help
Becareful gain insight into his dysfunctional thought
patterns?

(a) Behaviour therapy

(b) Logo therapy

(c) Alternative therapy

(d) Cognitive therapy

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 8 )

13. Psychotherapy is a/an _____ relationship between the one
seeking treatment and the one who treats.

(a) voluntary

(b) involuntary

(c) abnormal

(d) everlasting

14. Who among the following proposed the concept of
‘balance’ to attitude change?

(a) Fritz Heider

(b) Leon Festinger

(c) S. M. Mohsin

(d) Hans Selye

15. ‘One ought to take care of their aging parents’ is an
example of

(a) beliefs

(b) values

(c) opinion

(d) desire

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 9 )

16. _____ is a state of mind, a set of views, or thoughts,
regarding some topics which have an evaluative feature.

(a) Attitude

(b) Emotion

(c) Attribution

(d) Impression formation

17. At 3:00 p.m. on August 13, 2004, Yadav was lynched by
200+ women. Chilli powder was thrown in his face. As he
fought back, one woman (an alleged victim of his sexual
abuse) stabbed him with a knife. The collection of women
that lynched Yadav is a/an

(a) mob

(b) audience

(c) team

(d) crowd

18. _____ are socially defined expectations that individuals in
a given situation are expected to fulfil.

(a) Roles

(b) Norms

(c) Status

(d) Cohesiveness

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 10 )

SECTION—B
( Marks : 10 )

Answer the following very short answer type–I questions : 2×5=10

19. (a) Stephen is a class X student. He writes about 200
words a day. School records say that he contributes
about three to four poems to school magazines every
year. What type of multiple intelligences does
Stephen possess? Does it indicate that he is high or
low on other types of intelligence? Explain.
Or
(b) In 1905, Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon made the
first successful attempt to formally measure
intelligence. In 1906, they gave the concept of mental
age. If the mental age of a child is more than his
chronological age; how would Binet and Simon
classify that child’s intellectual capacity? Conversely,
how would they classify a child’s intellectual capacity
if his mental age is lower than his chronological age?
Explain.

20. What is Bulimia Nervosa?

21. Mahrvit is a rich man. He donates a lot of money that is
obtained through illegal coal mining to the local churches
and orphanages. Can this behaviour of Mahrvit be
considered a pro-social behaviour? Explain.

22. Explain how similarities in opinions and interests pave
the way for formation of groups.

23. “Individuals work less hard in a group than they do when
performing alone.” Identify and explain the concept.

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 11 )

SECTION—C
( Marks : 12 )

Answer the following very short answer type–II questions :
3×4=12
24. (a) It is unlikely that we go through life without some
experience of personal crisis. Recent studies by
Kobasa have shown that there are some individuals
with personality trait of hardiness that makes them
immune to unhealthy level of stress. What is
hardiness? How can we develop this personality trait
of hardiness?
Or

(b) Explain the three coping strategies given by Endler
and Parker.

25. Xavier is a 36-year-old married Christian male. He was
presented to the psychiatry unit based in a city hospital.
The patient reported seeing images of a lady dancing in
the rain that no one else could see. He could feel the scent
of her fluffy hair. At times, the image would say
mesmerizing words to him though he could not
understand it. The patient became gradually fearful of
this image. He was eventually diagnosed with
schizophrenic disorder. Identify and explain the
symptoms experienced by the patient.

26. What are positive reinforcement and negative
reinforcement in behaviour therapy?

27. Briefly explain how direct personal experience can bring
about a change in your attitude towards people or life.

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 12 )

SECTION—D
( Marks : 16 )

Answer the following very long answer type–I questions : 4×4=16

28. (a) Why are some people more intelligent than others?
Is it due to their heredity, or is it due to the influence
of environmental factors? Explain in brief.
Or

(b) Differentiate between intellectual deficiency and
intellectual giftedness.

29. (a) What is Eysenck personality questionnaire? Explain
the theory it is based on.
Or

(b) What is personality assessment? Explain any two
self-report measures of personality.

30. Frantic bursts of energy, extreme mood swings, emotional
outbursts, worry, anxiety, fear, depression are not only
symptoms of stress but they cause further stress for us.
Can you reduce them? If so, explain how you would use
assertiveness, exercises, time management and rational
thinking to address them.

31. Samuel has been diagnosed with substance use disorder.
Explain the factors underlying such disorder with the
help of socio-cultural model.

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 13 )

SECTION—E
( Marks : 6 )

Answer the following long answer type–II question : 6

32. (a) A large part of individual’s personality lies hidden and
hence the direct method of personality assessment
does not provide psychologist with the real picture of
the individual’s personality. Hence these problems
are overcome using the projective techniques. Explain
any three of them.
Or

(b) Describe the type approaches to the understanding of
personality.

SECTION—F
( Marks : 8 )

Read the Case Study–1 and Case Study–2 and answer the
questions that follow : 2×4=8

Case Study—1
It began as a small dispute, but had escalated. Ian Moore,
a senior at Thomas Jefferson High School in Brooklyn,
and Tyrone Sinkler, a junior, had a falling-out with a
buddy, 15-year-old Khalil Sumpter. Then they had started
picking on him and making threats. Now it exploded.
Khalil, scared that Ian and Tyrone were going to beat him
up, brought a ·38 caliber pistol to school one morning,
and 15 feet from a school guard, shot both boys to death
at point-blank range in the school’s hallway.

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ P.T.O.

( 14 )

The incident, chilling as it is, can be read as yet another
sign of a desperate need for lessons in handling emotions,
settling disagreements peaceably, and just plain getting
along. Educators are realizing there is need for emotional
literacy. The focus of education should not only be on how
well school children read and write but also to take care of
them emotionally and how well they manage their own
emotions. Programmes are now being conducted at school
level to improve student’s emotional intelligence. In
simple terms, emotional intelligence refers to our ability to
process emotional information accurately and efficiently.
It helps in dealing with stresses and challenges of life both
inside and outside of the classroom world.

33. What is emotional literacy?
34. Briefly explain the characteristics of an emotional literate
person.

Case Study—2
Psychoanalysis lasts for several years, with one hour
session for 4–5 days per week. It is an intense treatment.
There are three stages in the treatment. Stage one is the
initial phase. The client becomes familiar with the
routines, establishes a therapeutic relationship with the
analyst, and gets some relief with the process of
recollecting the superficial materials from the
consciousness about the past and present troublesome
events. Stage two is the middle phase, which is a long
process. It is characterized by transference, resistance on
the past of the client, and confrontation and
classification, is working through on the therapist’s past.
All these processes finally lead to insight. The third phase
is the termination phase wherein the relationship with the
analyst is dissolved and the client prepares to leave the
therapy.

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 [ Contd.

( 15 )

35. (a) Explain the process of transference.
Or
(b) What is confrontation and clarification in
psychoanalytic therapy?
36. “The outcome of working through is insight.” What is
insight in psychoanalytic settings?

HHH

HS/XII/A/Psy/25/240 K25—270

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