NCERT Book Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

CROP PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

P
aheli and Boojho went to their
uncle’s house during the summer
vacation. Their uncle is a farmer.
One day they saw some tools like khurpi, Food has to be
produced on a large
sickle, shovel, plough, etc., in the field.
scale.

In order to provide food for a large
population— regular production, proper
I want to know management and distribution is
where and how we necessary.
use these tools.
1.1 Agricultural Practices
You have learnt that all living
organisms require food. Plants can make
T ill 10,000 B.C.E. people were
their food themselves. Can you recall
nomadic. They were wandering in
how green plants synthesise their own groups from place to place in search
food? Animals including humans can of food and shelter. They ate raw
not make their own food. So, where do fruits and vegetables and started
animals get their food from? hunting animals for food. Later, they
But, first of all why do we have to eat could cultivate land and produce rice,
food? wheat and other food crops. Thus,
You already know that energy from was born ‘Agriculture’.
the food is utilised by organisms for
carrying out their various body When plants of the same kind are
functions, such as digestion, respiration cultivated at one place on a large scale,
and excretion. We get our food from it is called a crop. For example, crop of
plants, or animals, or both. wheat means that all the plants grown
in a field are that of wheat.
You already know that crops are of
different types like cereals, vegetables
and fruits. These can be classified on the
Since we all need food, basis of the season in which they grow.
how can we provide India is a vast country. The climatic
food to a large number
conditions like temperature, humidity
of people in our
and rainfall vary from one region to
country?
another. Accordingly, there is a rich