NCERT Book Class 12 Political Science (Politics In India Since Independence) Chapter 5 Challenges to And Restoration of The Congress System

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Credit: R. K.
In this chapter…
In Chapter Two we read about the emergence of the Congress
system. This system was first challenged during the 1960s. As political
competition became more intense, the Congress found it difficult to
retain its dominance. It faced challenges from the opposition that was
more powerful and less divided than before. The Congress also faced
challenges from within, as the party could no longer accommodate all
kinds of differences. In this chapter we pick the story from where we left
it in Chapter Two, in order to
Originally the election • understand how the political transition took place after Nehru;
symbol of the Congress
was a pair of bullocks. • describe how the opposition unity and the Congress split posed a
This famous cartoon challenge to Congress dominance;
depicts the changes
within the Congress • explain how a new Congress led by Indira Gandhi overcame these
leading to a head- challenges; and
on confrontation in
the 22nd year after • analyse how new policies and ideologies facilitated the restoration
Independence. of the Congress system.