HBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2025 Economics

CLASS : 12th (Sr. Secondary) Code No. 2213
Series : SS/Annual Exam.-2025
Roll No. SET : A
vFkZ'kkL=
ECONOMICS
[ fgUnh ,oa vaxzsth ek/;e ]
[ Hindi and English Medium ]
ACADEMIC/OPEN
(Only for Fresh/Re-appear/Improvement/Additional Candidates)
le; % 3 ?k.Vs ] [ iw.kk±d % 80
Time allowed : 3 hours ] [ Maximum Marks : 80
• Ñi;k tk¡p dj ysa fd bl iz'u&i= esa eqfnzr i`"B 16 rFkk iz'u 34 gSaA
Please make sure that the printed pages in this question paper are 16 in number
and it contains 34 questions.

• iz'u&i= esa nkfgus gkFk dh vksj fn;s x;s dksM uEcj rFkk lsV dks Nk= mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds eq[;&i`"B ij
fy[ksaA
The Code No. and Set on the right side of the question paper should be written by
the candidate on the front page of the answer-book.
• Ñi;k iz'u dk mÙkj fy[kuk 'kq: djus ls igys] iz'u dk Øekad vo'; fy[ksaA
Before beginning to answer a question, its Serial Number must be written.
• mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds chp esa [kkyh iUuk@iUus u NksMsa+A
Don’t leave blank page/pages in your answer-book.
• mÙkj&iqfLrdk ds vfrfjDr dksbZ vU; 'khV ugha feysxhA vr% vko';drkuqlkj gh fy[ksa vkSj fy[kk mÙkj u
dkVsaA
Except answer-book, no extra sheet will be given. Write to the point and do not
strike the written answer.

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

(2) 2213/(Set : A)
• ijh{kkFkhZ viuk jksy ua0 iz'u&i= ij vo'; fy[ksaA jksy ua0 ds vfrfjDr iz'u&i= ij vU; dqN Hkh u
fy[ksa vkSj oSdfYid iz'uksa ds mÙkjksa ij fdlh izdkj dk fu'kku u yxk,¡A
Candidates must write their Roll No. on the question paper. Except Roll No. do not
write anything on question paper and don't make any mark on answers of objective
type questions.
• d`i;k iz'uksa ds mÙkj nsus lss iwoZ ;g lqfuf'pr dj ysa fd iz'u&i= iw.kZ o lgh gS] ijh{kk ds mijkUr bl
lEcU/kk esa dksbZ Hkh nkok Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk;sxkA
lEcU/
Before answering the questions, ensure that you have been supplied the correct and
complete question paper, no claim in this regard, will be entertained after
examination.
lkekU; funsZ'k %
(i) iz'u&i= ds nks Hkkx gSa % Hkkx&v ¼O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=½ rFkk Hkkx&c ¼lef"V vFkZ'kkL=½A
(ii) lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSaA
(iii) izR;sd iz'u ds fu/kkZfjr vad mlds lkeus fn, x, gSaA

(iv) iz'u la[;k 1 ls 10 rFkk 18 ls 27 rd oLrqfu"B iz'u gSAa çR;sd iz'u 1 vad dk gSA funsZ'kkuqlkj
bu iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,A
(v) iz'u la[;k 11-12 rFkk 28-29 vfr-y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u gSa ftuesa izR;sd iz'u 3 vadksa dk gSA
izR;sd dk mÙkj lkekU;r% 30 'kCnksa ls vf/kd ugha gksuk pkfg,A
(vi) iz'u la[;k 13 ls 15 rFkk 30 ls 32 rd y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u gSa ftuesa izR;sd iz'u 4 vadksa dk gSA
izR;sd dk mÙkj lkekU;r% 60 'kCnksa ls vf/kd ugha gksuk pkfg,A
(vii) iz'u la[;k 16-17 rFkk 33-34 nh?kZ mÙkjkRed iz'u gSa ftuesa izR;sd iz'u 6 vadksa dk gSA izR;sd
dk mÙkj lkekU;r% 130 'kCnksa ls vf/kd ugha gksuk pkfg,A
(viii) dqN iz'uksa esa vkUrfjd NwV miyC/k gSA ,sls iz'uksa esa ls vkidks dsoy ,d gh iz'u djuk gSA

(ix) 'kCn-lhek lw=ksa] la[;kRed rFkk js[kkfp= okys ç'uksa ij ykxw ugha gSA

2213/(Set : A)

(3) 2213/(Set : A)
General Instructions :
(i) The question-paper contains two Sections : Section-A (Micro Economics) &
Section-B (Macro Economics).
(ii) All questions are compulsory.
(iii) Marks for questions are indicated against each.
(iv) Question Nos. 1 to 10 and 18 to 27 are objective type questions. Each
question carries 1 mark. Answer these questions as per instructions.
(v) Question Nos. 11-12 and 28-29 are very short answer type questions
carrying 3 marks each. Answer to these should normally not exceed 30
words each.
(vi) Question Nos. 13 to 15 and 30 to 32 are short answer type questions
carrying 4 marks each. Answer to these should normally not exceed 60
words each.
(vii) Question Nos. 16-17 and 33-34 are long answer type questions carrying
6 marks each. Answer to these should normally not exceed 130 words each.
(viii) Internal choice is available in some questions. You have to attempt only one
of the given choice.
(ix) Word limit is not applicable to formulae, numericals and diagrammatical
questions.

Hkkx – v [ M. M. : 40
SECTION – A
[ O;f"V vFkZ'kkL= ]
[ Micro Economics ]
[ oLrqfu"B iz'u ]
[ Objective Type Questions ]
fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds lgh fodYi pqfu;s %
Choose the correct option of the following questions :

1. miHkksDrk dk çHkqRo gksrk gS % 1
(A) fu;af=r vFkZO;oLFkk esa (B) eqDr vFkZO;oLFkk esa
(C) (A) o (B) nksuksa (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

(4) 2213/(Set : A)
Consumer dominance is in :
(A) Controlled Economy (B) Free Economy
(C) Both (A) & (B) (D) None of these

2. tc ek¡x oØ OX ds lekukarj gksrk gS] rc ek¡x dh yksp gksrh gS % 1
(A) vuar (B) 'kwU;
(C) bdkbZ (D) bdkbZ ls vf/kd
When the demand curve is parallel to OX, then elasticity of demand will be :
(A) Infinite (B) Zero
(C) Unit (D) More than Unit

3. tc mRiknu Lrj 'kwU; gksrk gS] ml le; ifjorZu'khy ykxrsa gksrh gSa % 1
(A) /kukRed (B) _.kkRed
(C) 'kwU; (D) mijksDr lHkh

When the production level is zero, than variable cost is :
(A) Positive (B) Negative

(C) Zero (D) All of the above

4. iw.kZ çfr;ksfxrk esa oLrq dh dher dk fu/kkZj.k djrh gS % 1

(A) dsoy ek¡x (B) dsoy iwfrZ
(C) ek¡x o iwfrZ nksuksa (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
In the perfect competition, the price of commodity is determined by :

(A) Only demand (B) Only supply

(C) Both demand & supply (D) None of these

2213/(Set : A)

(5) 2213/(Set : A)
5. ckt+kj dher dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k tkrk gS % 1

(A) vYidky esa (B) nh?kZdky esa
(C) vfr vYidky esa (D) mijksDr lHkh
The market price is determined by :

(A) In the short-run (B) In the long-run

(C) In the very short-run (D) All of the above

6. tc lhekar mRiknu c<+ jgk gksrk gS] rc dqy mRiknu gksrk gS % 1

(A) _.kkRed
(B) vf/kdre gks tkrk gS
(C) ?kVrh nj ls c<+rk gS
(D) c<+rh nj ls c<+rk gS

When marginal production is increasing, then the total production is :
(A) Negative
(B) Become maximum
(C) Increases at decreasing rate
(D) Increases at an increasing rate

7. lhekar vkxe (MRn) = --------------- TRn − TRn −1 /TR ÷ Q 1

Marginal Revenue (MRn) = --------------- TRn − TRn −1 /TR ÷ Q

8. vU; ckrsa leku jgus ij fdlh oLrq dh ek¡x de gksus ij mldh larqyu dher ……………..A 1
¼de gksrh gS/c<+ tkrh gS½

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

(6) 2213/(Set : A)
When other things remain same, equilibrium price of a commodity will be
……………. when its demand will be decrease. (decrease/increase)

9. oLrq dh dher o ek¡x ds chp dSlk laca/k ik;k tkrk gS \ 1
What type of relation is found between price and demand of commodity ?

10. vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) dks if<+, vkSj lgh fodYi dk p;u dhft, % 1
vfHkdFku (A) : fdruh ek=k esa mRiknu fd;k tk,] D;k mRiknu fd;k tk, dk ,d igyw ugha gSA
rdZ (R) : çR;sd vFkZO;oLFkk dks dsUæh; leL;kvksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA
fodYi %
(A) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) nksuksa lR; gaS rFkk rdZ (R), vfHkdFku (A) dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) nksuksa lR; gSa] ysfdu rdZ (R), vfHkdFku (A) dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) vfHkdFku (A) lR; gS] ysfdu rdZ (R) vlR; gSA
(D) vfHkdFku (A) vlR; gS] ysfdu rdZ (R) lR; gSA

Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct alternatives :

Assertion (A) : How much to produce is not an aspect of what to produce.

Reason (R) : Every economy faces central problems.

Option :

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).

(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).

(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

2213/(Set : A)

(7) 2213/(Set : A)
[ vfr&y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u ]
[ Very Short Answer Type Questions ]

11. ek¡x esa o`f) ls D;k vfHkçk; gS \ 3
What do you mean by increases in demand ?

vFkok
OR

ek¡x esa o`f) ds rhu dkj.k crk,¡A
Write three causes of increase in demand.

12. tc iwfrZ iw.kZr;k ykspnkj gks] rks ml le; ek¡x esa deh }kjk larqyu dher ij iM+us okys çHkko dks
js[kkfp= }kjk le>kb,A 3
Explain with the help of diagram, the effect of decrease in demand on
equilibrium price when the supply is perfect elastic.

[ y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u ]

[ Short Answer Type Questions ]

13. okLrfod o vkn'kkZRed vFkZ'kkL= esa varj crk,¡A 4
Write differences between positive economics and normative economics.

vFkok
OR

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL= ds egÙo dk o.kZu djsaA
Explain the importance of Micro Economics.

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

(8) 2213/(Set : A)
14. mPpre fu/kkZfjr dher rFkk fuEure fu/kkZfjr dher dh O;k[;k djsaA 4
Explain Ceiling and Floor Price.

15. iwfrZ ds fu;e ds viokn crk,¡A 4
Write the exceptions to the law of supply.

vFkok
OR

dqy ifjorZu'khy ykxr rFkk dqy fLFkj ykxr dh mnkgj.k lfgr O;k[;k djsaA
Explain total variable cost and total fixed cost with example.

vFkok
OR

;ksX;rk vk/kkfjr ç'u %
Competency Based Question :
rkfydk iwjh djsa %
mRiknu ¼bdkbZ½ 1 2 3 4 5 6
vkxe ¼`½ 20 30 39 40 40 36
vkSlr vkxe
lhekar vkxe
Complete the schedule :
Production (Unit) 1 2 3 4 5 6
Revenue (`) 20 30 39 40 40 36
Average Revenue
Marginal Revenue

2213/(Set : A)

(9) 2213/(Set : A)
[ nh?kZ mÙkjkRed iz'u ]

[ Long Answer Type Questions ]

16. rVLFkrk oØ ls vkidk D;k vfHkçk; gS \ bldh fo'ks"krk,¡ crkb,A 6

What do you mean by Indifference Curve ? Write its characteristics.

vFkok

OR

ek¡x dh dher yksp ls vkidk D;k vfHkçk; gS \ bls çHkkfor djus okys dkj.kksa dk o.kZu djsaA

What do you mean by Price Elasticity of Demand ? Explain the main causes
which are effects to it.

17. dqy ykxr o lhekar ykxr ls vkidk D;k vfHkçk; gS \ buds chp ik, tkus okys laca/k dks le>k,¡A 6

What do you mean by Total Cost and Marginal Cost ? Explain the relation
between these.

vFkok

OR

dkjd ds c<+rs çfrQy ls D;k vfHkçk; gS \ dkjd ds c<+rs çfrQy ds D;k-D;k dkj.k gSa \

What is increasing return to a factor ? Write the causes of increasing return to
factor.

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

( 10 ) 2213/(Set : A)
Hkkx – c [ M. M. : 40
SECTION – B
[ lef"V
lef"V vFkZ'kkL= ]
[ Macro Economics ]
[ oLrqfu"B iz'u ]
[ Objective Type Questions ]

fuEufyf[kr iz'uksa ds lgh fodYi pqfu;s %
Choose the correct option of the following questions :

18. 'ks"k fo'o {ks= og gS] tks % 1
(A) mRiknu djrk gS
(B) miHkksx djrk gS
(C) eqæk m/kkj nsrk gS
(D) vk;kr-fu;kZr djrk gS

Rest of the world sector is the sector, which :
(A) Produce the things
(B) Consume the things
(C) Borrow the money
(D) Import & Export of things

19. fdlh ns'k dh eqæk dh dqy ek=k esa 'kkfey gksrk gS % 1

(A) dsoy flDds
(B) flDds] djsalh rFkk ek¡x tek
(C) fcy
(D) lksuk rFkk uksV

2213/(Set : A)

( 11 ) 2213/(Set : A)
Total money of a country includes :
(A) Coins only
(B) Coins, Currency and Demand deposits
(C) Bills
(D) Gold and Notes

20. ;fn MPC = 0 gS] rks xq.kd (K) dk ewY; gksxk % 1
(A) = 1 (B) = 0
(C) = 2 (D) fu/kkZfjr ugha dj ldrs
If MPC = 0, then value of multiplier (K) is :
(A) = 1 (B) = 0
(C) = 2 (D) Do not classified

21. ykHk dh vk'kk ls çsfjr gksdj fd;k x;k fuos'k dgykrk gS % 1
(A) 'kq) fuos'k (B) çsfjr fuos'k
(C) Lopkfyr fuos'k (D) okLrfod fuos'k

Investment motivated by the hope of profit is called :
(A) Net Investment (B) Induced Investment
(C) Automatic Investment (D) Real Investment

22. ljdkj dh xSj dj-;ksX; vk; dk ,d çeq[k lzksr gS % 1
(A) Qhl (B) ykblsal rFkk ijfeV
(C) (A) o (B) nksuksa (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Main sources of Non-taxable Income of Government is :
(A) Fees (B) License and Permit
(C) Both (A) & (B) (D) None of these

23. çkFkfed ?kkVk = 1
(A) jktdks"kh; ?kkVk − C;kt dk Hkqxrku (B) jktdks"kh; ?kkVk + C;kt dk Hkqxrku
(C) jktdks"kh; ?kkVk × C;kt dk Hkqxrku (D) jktdks"kh; ?kkVk ÷ C;kt dk Hkqxrku

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

( 12 ) 2213/(Set : A)
Primary deficit =
(A) Fiscal Deficit − Payment of Interest
(B) Fiscal Deficit + Payment of Interest
(C) Fiscal Deficit × Payment of Interest
(D) Fiscal Deficit ÷ Payment of Interest

24. oLrq ,oa lsok dj --------------- dj gSA ¼çR;{k/vçR;{k½ 1
Goods and Service Tax is a ………… Tax. (Direct/Indirect)

25. ^^iwfrZ viuh ek¡x Lo;a fu/kkZfjr djrh gSA** ;s dFku fdldk gS \ ¼ts0 ch0 ls/ ek'kZy½ 1
"Supply creates its own demand." Who say this ? (J. B. Say/Marshall)

26. Hkkjr ds dsUæh; cSad dk uke D;k gS \ 1
Write the name of India's Central Bank.

27. vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) dks if<+, vkSj lgh fodYi dk p;u dhft, %
vfHkdFku (A) : ,d can vFkZO;oLFkk esa vk;kr vkSj fu;kZr dk ewY; 'kwU; gksrk gSA 1
rdZ (R) : ,d can vFkZO;oLFkk esa ckdh nqfu;k ls dksbZ vkfFkZd laca/k ugha gksrkA

fodYi %
(A) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) nksuksa lR; gSa rFkk rdZ (R), vfHkdFku (A) dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ (R) nksuksa lR; gSa] ysfdu rdZ (R), vfHkdFku (A) dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) vfHkdFku (A) lR; gS] ysfdu rdZ (R) vlR; gSA
(D) vfHkdFku (A) vlR; gS] ysfdu rdZ (R) lR; gSA
Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct alternatives :
Assertion (A) : In a closed economy the value of exports and imports are zero.
Reason (R) : A closed economy has no economic relations with the rest of the
world.
Option :
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

2213/(Set : A)

( 13 ) 2213/(Set : A)
[ vfr&y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u ]
[ Very Short Answer Type Questions ]

28. fuEufyf[kr ds lw= fy[ksa % 3
(i) vkSlr miHkksx ço`fÙk
(ii) lhekar miHkksx ço`fÙk
(iii) vkSlr cpr ço`fÙk
Write the formula of the following :
(i) Average propensity to consume
(ii) Marginal propensity to consume
(iii) Average propensity to save

29. ctV dk vFkZO;oLFkk ij D;k çHkko iM+rk gS \ 3
What are the effects of Budget on Economy ?
vFkok
OR

djksa dh fo'ks"krk,¡ crk,¡A
Write the characteristics of Taxes.
vFkok
OR

;ksX;rk vk/kkfjr ç'u %
Competency Based Question :
fuEu vk¡dM+ksa dh lgk;rk ls jktLo ?kkVk] jktdks"kh; ?kkVk rFkk çkFkfed ?kkVk dh x.kuk dhft, %
Calculate Revenue Deficit, Fiscal Deficit and Primary Deficit with the help of
following datas :
Øe la[;k ensa djksM+ #0
Sl. No. Items Crore Rs.
1. jktLo O;;
Revenue Expenditure 4,20,840
2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

( 14 ) 2213/(Set : A)
2. jktLo çkfIr;k¡
Revenue Receipts 4,42,980
3. dqy O;;
Total Expenditure 4,54,380
4. xSj _.k ls l`ftr iw¡thxr çkfIr;k¡
Capital receipts generated from non-debt 34,230
5. fuoy C;kt nkf;Ro
Net Interest Liability 12,120
[ y?kwÙkjkRed iz'u ]
[ Short Answer Type Questions ]
30. iw¡thoknh vFkZO;oLFkk dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡ crk,¡A 4
Write the main characteristics of Capitalist Economy.
vFkok
OR

miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dh eq[; Jsf.k;ksa dk o.kZu djsaA
Explain the main types of Consumer Goods.

31. Hkqxrku 'ks"k rFkk O;kikj 'ks"k esa varj crk,¡A 4
What are the differences between Balance of Payment and Balance of Trade ?

vFkok
OR

çfrdwy Hkqxrku 'ks"k dks lq/kkjus ds mik; crk,¡A
What are the measures to correct the disequilibrium in the Balance of Payment ?

32. lexz ek¡x ds ?kVdksa dk o.kZu djsaA 4
Explain the components of Aggregate Demand.

2213/(Set : A)

( 15 ) 2213/(Set : A)
[ nh?kZ mÙkjkRed iz'u ]
[ Long Answer Type Questions ]

33. jk"Vªh; vk; ekius dh mRikn fof/k dk o.kZu djsaA 6

Explain the product method of measuring National Income.

vFkok
OR

vk; fof/k }kjk gy djsa %
(a) ?kjsyw vk;

(b) jk"Vªh; vk;

en ewY; ¼djksM+ esa½
(i) etnwjh 1000
(ii) yxku 500
(iii) C;kt 40
(iv) ykHkka'k 300
(v) fefJr vk; 40
(vi) vforfjr ykHk 20
(vii) lkekftd lqj{kk esa ekfydksa dk ;ksxnku 40
(viii) fuxe ykHk dj 40
(ix) fons'kksa ls fuoy dkjd vk; 100

2213/(Set : A) P. T. O.

( 16 ) 2213/(Set : A)
Calculate by Income method :
(a) Domestic Income
(b) National Income
Item Value (in crores)
(i) Wages 1000
(ii) Rent 500
(iii) Interest 40
(iv) Dividend 300
(v) Mixed Income 40
(vi) Undistributed Profits 20
(vii) Contribution to social security by Employers 40
(viii) Corporate profit tax 40
(ix) Net factor Income from abroad 100

34. oLrq fofue; ç.kkyh D;k gS \ bl ç.kkyh dh vlqfo/kk,¡ crk,¡A 6
What is Barter System ? Tell the drawbacks of this system.

vFkok
OR

O;kikfjd cSad D;k gksrs gSa \ O;kikfjd cSad rFkk dsUæh; cSad esa varj crk,¡A
What are Commercial Banks ? Write differences between Commercial Bank and
Central Bank.

S
2213/(Set : A)