JNUEE 2021 Question Paper Ph.D West Asian Studies

JNUEE PHD West Asian Studies
Topic:‐ WASH844 JNUS21

1) Muhammad ibn Saud formed an alliance with Muhammad ibn Abd al–Wahhab in:[Question ID = 10061][Question
Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q001]
1. Idlib [Option ID = 100400]
2. Diriyya [Option ID = 100401]
3. Homs [Option ID = 100402]
4. Al‐Quds [Option ID = 100403]

2) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A: Indian rupee was used as a legal currency in some Gulf countries.
Reason R:The Gulf countries are geographically closer to India.
In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
[Question ID = 10062][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q002]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100404]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100405]
3. A is correct but R is not correct [Option ID = 100406]
4. A is not correct but R is correct [Option ID = 100407]

3) What is the correct sequence of the following conflicts fought by Israel ?
A. Suez War
B. Al‐Aqsa Intifada
C. Second Lebanon War
D. October War
[Question ID = 10063][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q003]
1. A, B, C, D [Option ID = 100408]
2. A, C, B, D [Option ID = 100409]
3. A, D, B, C [Option ID = 100410]
4. B, C, D, A [Option ID = 100411]

4) Given below are two statements:
Statement I:Under the Oslo accords, Israel recognised the Palestinian sovereignty over the West Bank.
Statement II: The Green Line does not apply to the West Bank.
[Question ID = 10064][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q004]
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true [Option ID = 100412]
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false [Option ID = 100413]
3. Statement I is true and Statement II is false [Option ID = 100414]
4. Statement I is false and Statement II is true [Option ID = 100415]

5) Who introduced the ‘Deal of the Century’ for Palestine in 2019‐2020?[Question ID = 10065][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q005]
1. Vladimir Putin [Option ID = 100416]
2. Donald Trump [Option ID = 100417]
3. Bashar Al‐Assad [Option ID = 100418]
4. Xi Jinping [Option ID = 100419]

6) Which of the following is true for Ali Shariati?
A. He was an Iranian thinker.
B. He was a Shia philosopher.
C. He was a staunch supporter of Ayatollah Khomeini.
D. He lived in the nineteenth century.
[Question ID = 10066][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q006]
1. A and B only [Option ID = 100420]
2. A and C only [Option ID = 100421]
3. C and D only [Option ID = 100422]
4. A, B and C only [Option ID = 100423]

7) Given below are two statements:
Statement I:In Saudi Arabia, the Shia population is concentrated in Hejaz.
Statement II: Saudi Arabia shares Neutral Zone with Iraq.

[Question ID = 10067][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q007]

[Option ID = 100424]

[Option ID = 100425]

[Option ID = 100426]

[Option ID = 100427]

8) Which of the following countries are currently under the American sanctions?
A. Venezuela
B. Iran
C. Syria
D. Iraq
E. Yemen
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
[Question ID = 10068][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q008]
1. A and C only [Option ID = 100428]
2. B and C only [Option ID = 100429]
3. A, B and C only [Option ID = 100430]
4. A, B and D only [Option ID = 100431]

9) Who among the following was awarded India's Gandhi Peace Prize for 2019?

[Question ID = 10069][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q009]
1. Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

[Option ID = 100432]
2. Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said

[Option ID = 100433]
3. Mohammed bin Salman

[Option ID = 100434]
4. Sabah Al‐Ahmad Al‐Jaber Al‐Sabah

[Option ID = 100435]

10) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A:
Turkey is an energy transit hub in West Asia.
Reason R:
Turkey is at the crossroad of energy suppliers and energy market.
In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
[Question ID = 10070][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q010]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100436]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100437]
3. A is correct but R is not correct [Option ID = 100438]
4. A is not correct but R is correct [Option ID = 100439]

11) What is the correct sequence of the formation of the following organization?
A. Arab League
B. GCC
C. PLO
D. OIC
[Question ID = 10071][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q011]
1. A, B, C, D [Option ID = 100440]
2. A, C, D, B [Option ID = 100441]
3. B, C, D, A [Option ID = 100442]
4. D, C, A, B [Option ID = 100443]

12) Given below are two statements:
Statement I:Russian mediation between Iran and Saudi Arabia led to regional peace and stability.
Statement II:Russia has good relations with all the GCC countries.
[Question ID = 10072][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q012]
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true [Option ID = 100444]
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false [Option ID = 100445]
3. Statement I is true and Statement II is false [Option ID = 100446]
4. Statement I is false and Statement II is true [Option ID = 100447]

13) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:The military is the ‘Deep State’ in Egypt.
Statement II:President Mohammed Morsi was the first democratically‐elected leader in the Arab world.
[Question ID = 10073][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q013]
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true [Option ID = 100448]
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false [Option ID = 100449]
3. Statement I is true and Statement II is false [Option ID = 100450]
4. Statement I is false and Statement II is true [Option ID = 100451]

14) Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation of temple in:[Question ID = 10074][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q014]
1. Abu Dhabi [Option ID = 100452]
2. Dubai [Option ID = 100453]
3. Manama [Option ID = 100454]
4. Sarjah [Option ID = 100455]

15) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A:Turkey got the membership of the European Union.
Reason R:Turkey has a large and diversified economy.
In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
[Question ID = 10075][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q015]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100456]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100457]
3. A is correct but R is not correct [Option ID = 100458]
4. A is not correct but R is correct [Option ID = 100459]

16) What is the correct sequence of the assassination of the following leaders?
A. Yitzhak Rabin
B. King Faisal
C. King Abdullah‐I
D. Anwar Sadat

[Question ID = 10076][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q016]
1. A, B, D, C

[Option ID = 100460]
2. B, D, A, C

[Option ID = 100461]
3. C, B, D, A

[Option ID = 100462]
4. D, C, B, A

[Option ID = 100463]

17) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:Remittances from the Gulf are the major source of revenue for the state of Kerala.
Statement II:India has a regional policy towards the Gulf.

In the light of the above statements

choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10077][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q017]

[Option ID = 100464]

[Option ID = 100465]

[Option ID = 100466]

[Option ID = 100467]

18) Name the Egyptian writer who championed feminism and died recently:

[Question ID = 10078][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q018]
1. Nawal Al‐Saadawi

[Option ID = 100468]
2. Mona Prince

[Option ID = 100469]

3. Ahdaf Souief

[Option ID = 100470]
4. Fatima Al‐Haaj

[Option ID = 100471]

19) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R
Assertion A:
Jordan faces strong domestic opposition to the normalization of relations with Israel.
Reason R:
The Hashemite Kingdom has a large Palestinian population.
In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
[Question ID = 10079][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q019]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100472]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A [Option ID = 100473]
3. A is correct but R is not correct [Option ID = 100474]
4. A is not correct but R is correct [Option ID = 100475]

20) What is the correct sequence of the following events?

A. Taif Agreement
B. Oslo Agreement
C. First Arab Summit
D. First Islamic Summit

[Question ID = 10080][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q020]
1. C, D, A, B

[Option ID = 100476]
2. D, C, B, A

[Option ID = 100477]
3. B, A, C,D

[Option ID = 100478]
4. D, B, C, A

[Option ID = 100479]

21) Which one of the following cities is not located in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia?

[Question ID = 10081][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q021]
1. Riyadh

[Option ID = 100480]
2. Dammam

[Option ID = 100481]
3. Najaf

[Option ID = 100482]
4. Medina

[Option ID = 100483]

22) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:The maximum autonomy for Kurds in WANA is available in Iraq.
Statement II: The position of Iraqi Kurds has improved following the referendum.
[Question ID = 10082][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q022]
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true [Option ID = 100484]
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false [Option ID = 100485]
3. Statement I is true and Statement II is false [Option ID = 100486]
4. Statement I is false and Statement II is true [Option ID = 100487]

23) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:In Saudi Arabia the Allegiance Council chooses the King.
Statement II:The King is also the prime minister of Saudi Arabia.

In the light of the above statements

choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10083][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q023]

[Option ID = 100488]

[Option ID = 100489]

[Option ID = 100490]

[Option ID = 100491]

24) Which of the following is the upper riparian state of the rivers mentioned below?
A. Euphrates‐Iraq
B. Tigris‐Turkey
C. Nile‐Egypt
D. Litany‐Israel
[Question ID = 10084][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q024]
1. A only [Option ID = 100492]
2. B only [Option ID = 100493]
3. C only [Option ID = 100494]
4. D only [Option ID = 100495]

25) Who is the famous Arab leader popularly known as MBS?

[Question ID = 10085][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q025]
1. Mohammed Bin Sufiyan

[Option ID = 100496]
2. Mohammed Bin Sulaiman

[Option ID = 100497]
3. Mohammed Bin Shahjahan

[Option ID = 100498]
4. Mohammed Bin Salman

[Option ID = 100499]

26) Given below are two statements:
Statement I:The political system in Lebanon is described as Consociational democracy.
Statement II:Senior political positions in Lebanon are reserved according to sects.
[Question ID = 10086][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q026]
1. Both Statement I and Statement II are true [Option ID = 100500]
2. Both Statement I and Statement II are false [Option ID = 100501]
3. Statement I is true and Statement II is false [Option ID = 100502]
4. Statement I is false and Statement II is true [Option ID = 100503]

27) Identify the three cities in Libya:[Question ID = 10087][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q027]
1. Tripoli, Homs and Luxor [Option ID = 100504]
2. Cairo, Alexandria and Aleppo [Option ID = 100505]
3. Damascus, Idlib and Zawiya [Option ID = 100506]
4. Khoms, Benghazi and Tobruk [Option ID = 100507]

28) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: India is majorly dependent upon the Gulf countries for its energy needs.
Reason R: The Gulf countries have abundant energy resources in India’s proximity.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10088][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q028]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100508]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100509]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100510]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100511]

29) What is the correct sequence of the following?

A. Black September
B. First Oil Crisis
C. Formation of Hamas
D. Islamic Revolution in Iran

[Question ID = 10089][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q029]
1. C, D, B, A

[Option ID = 100512]
2. C, A, B, D

[Option ID = 100513]
3. A, B, C, D

[Option ID = 100514]
4. A, B, D, C

[Option ID = 100515]

30) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: GCC comprises of six countries.
Statement II: Iraq is a member of GCC.

[Question ID = 10090][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q030]

[Option ID = 100516]

[Option ID = 100517]

[Option ID = 100518]

[Option ID = 100519]

31) Name the river shared by Syria, Israel and Jordan: [Question ID = 10091][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q031]
1. Euphrtaes [Option ID = 100520]
2. Jordan [Option ID = 100521]
3. Nile [Option ID = 100522]
4. Tigris [Option ID = 100523]

32) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:Kuwait has the highest per capita income in WANA.
Statement II:Saddam Hussein declared Kuwait to be a province of Iraq.

[Question ID = 10092][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q032]

[Option ID = 100524]

[Option ID = 100525]

[Option ID = 100526]

[Option ID = 100527]

33) The killing of six million Jews in the World War ‐II is known as:[Question ID = 10148][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q033]
1. The Holocaust [Option ID = 100528]
2. Colonialism [Option ID = 100529]
3. Apartheid [Option ID = 100530]
4. Diaspora [Option ID = 100531]

34) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: IRGC is a paramilitary force in Iran.

Statement II: Ayatollah Khamenei was a former president of Iran.

[Question ID = 10149][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q034]

[Option ID = 100532]

[Option ID = 100533]

[Option ID = 100534]

[Option ID = 100535]

35) Which of the following are Islamist Parties?

A. Ennada
B. Hezbollah
C. Al‐Qaida
D. Fatah
E. Hamas

[Question ID = 10150][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q035]
1. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100536]
2. A, B and E only

[Option ID = 100537]
3. A, D and E only

[Option ID = 100538]
4. B, D and E only

[Option ID = 100539]

36) Which countries have reserve seats for women in parliament?

A. Jordan
B. Qatar
C. Kuwait
D. Saudi Arabia
E. Israel

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

[Question ID = 10151][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q036]
1. A and D only

[Option ID = 100540]
2. B and C only

[Option ID = 100541]
3. A and C only

[Option ID = 100542]
4. A,D and E only

[Option ID = 100543]

37) OPEC can best be described as :[Question ID = 10152][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q037]
1. Peace Enforcement Corps [Option ID = 100544]
2. Central Bank of Oil Producing Countries [Option ID = 100545]
3. Oil Cartel [Option ID = 100546]
4. Arab Stock Market [Option ID = 100547]

38) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: The post‐Saddam Iraq has been politically unstable.
Reason R: Iraq has been unable to fully exploit its oil resources.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10153][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q038]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100548]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100549]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100550]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100551]

39) What was the main objective of Zionism?[Question ID = 10154][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q039]
1. Jewish emancipation in diaspora [Option ID = 100552]
2. Improving the standard of living in developing countries [Option ID = 100553]
3. Establishing a Jewish homeland in Palestine. [Option ID = 100554]
4. Creating an international peacekeeping organization to solve the global conflict. [Option ID = 100555]

40) What is the correct sequence of the following events?

A. US invasion of Iraq
B. Israeli invasion of Sinai Peninsula
C. Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
D. Iraqi invasion of Iran

[Question ID = 10155][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q040]
1. B, D, C, A

[Option ID = 100556]
2. D, C, B, A

[Option ID = 100557]
3. C, A, B, D

[Option ID = 100558]
4. B, A, D, C

[Option ID = 100559]

41) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: China is an ally of Iran.
Statement II: China did not support the Iran nuclear deal.

[Question ID = 10156][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q041]

[Option ID = 100560]

[Option ID = 100561]

[Option ID = 100562]

[Option ID = 100563]

42) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The Arab Spring protest movements started soon after the self‐ immolation of a vegetable vendor in Tunisia.
Statement II: The Arab Spring started the civil war in Iraq.

[Question ID = 10157][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q042]
1. Both the statement I and Statement II are true

[Option ID = 100564]
2. Both the statement I and Statement II are false

[Option ID = 100565]
3. Statement I is true, but statement II is false

[Option ID = 100566]
4. Statement I is false, but statement II is true

[Option ID = 100567]

43) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:The Fifth Fleet of the US is headquartered in Bahrain.
Statement II:Bahrain is a member of OPEC.

[Question ID = 10158][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q043]

[Option ID = 100568]

[Option ID = 100569]

[Option ID = 100570]

[Option ID = 100571]

44) The book ‘Arabia without Sultans’ was written by:

[Question ID = 10159][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q044]
1. Albert Hourani

[Option ID = 100572]
2. Noam Chomsky

[Option ID = 100573]
3. Edward Said

[Option ID = 100574]
4. Fred Halliday

[Option ID = 100575]

45) Which of the following combinations have an odd item ?

A. Sana’a, Hamas, Fatah and Islamic Jihad
B. Dinar, Rial, Lira and Shekel
C. Knesset, Majlis, Shura Council and IRGC
D. Amman, Cairo, Mecca and Rabat

[Question ID = 10160][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q045]
1. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100576]
2. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100577]
3. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100578]
4. B, and D only

[Option ID = 100579]

46) Which among the following is/are a religious as well as ethnic minority?

A. Druze

B. Berbers

C. Kurds

D. Baha’is

E. Shias

[Question ID = 10161][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q046]
1. A, and B only

[Option ID = 100580]
2. B and C only

[Option ID = 100581]
3. A only

[Option ID = 100582]
4. All of the above

[Option ID = 100583]

47) Which GCC countries tried to mediate to resolve Saudi–Qatar standoff?

[Question ID = 10162][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q047]
1. Oman and Kuwait

[Option ID = 100584]
2. UAE and Bahrain

[Option ID = 100585]
3. Egypt and Jordan

[Option ID = 100586]
4. Syria and Yemen

[Option ID = 100587]

48) In which year, the women of Saudi Arabia were allowed to drive?[Question ID = 10163][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q048]
1. 2017 [Option ID = 100588]
2. 2015 [Option ID = 100589]
3. 2020 [Option ID = 100590]
4. 2019 [Option ID = 100591]

49) Hadas(Islamic Constitutional Movement) as an Islamist political organisation is operating in:

[Question ID = 10164][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q049]
1. Egypt

[Option ID = 100592]
2. Jordan

[Option ID = 100593]
3. Israel

[Option ID = 100594]
4. Kuwait

[Option ID = 100595]

50) Hezbollah and Houthis are used as a proxy by: [Question ID = 10165][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q050]
1. Turkey [Option ID = 100596]
2. Saudi Arabia [Option ID = 100597]
3. Morocco [Option ID = 100598]
4. Iran [Option ID = 100599]

51) If we were to study why some cities have high crime rates then unit of analysis is:[Question ID = 10166][Question
Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q051]
1. Crime [Option ID = 100600]
2. Criminals committing crimes [Option ID = 100601]
3. Cities [Option ID = 100602]
4. Rate of conviction [Option ID = 100603]

52) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A:Social science has a high level of inaccuracy in measurement.
Reason R:There is a high variability in social phenomena or objects.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10167][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q052]

1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100604]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100605]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100606]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100607]

53) The research on abstract idea or theory is called:

[Question ID = 10093][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q053]
1. Conceptual research

[Option ID = 100608]
2. Literary research

[Option ID = 100609]
3. Descriptive research

[Option ID = 100610]
4. Fictional research

[Option ID = 100611]

54) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:Pilot testing is done on the entire target population.
Statement II:Pilot testing helps in identifying potential problems in research design.

[Question ID = 10094][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q054]

[Option ID = 100612]

[Option ID = 100613]

[Option ID = 100614]

[Option ID = 100615]

55) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Scientific knowledge is based both on theory and observation.
Statement II: Theories and observation are independent of one another.

[Question ID = 10095][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q055]

[Option ID = 100616]

[Option ID = 100617]

[Option ID = 100618]

[Option ID = 100619]

56) Which of the following is true for scientific knowledge?

A. Can be acquired only in laboratories
B. Can be acquired through systemic methods
C. It is a generalised body of laws and theories
D. Explains phenomenon or behaviour under study

[Question ID = 10096][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q056]

1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100620]
2. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100621]
3. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100622]
4. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100623]

57) Preparation of company pay roll by a computer is done by which of the following?

[Question ID = 10097][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q057]
1. System software

[Option ID = 100624]
2. Firmware

[Option ID = 100625]
3. Application software

[Option ID = 100626]
4. Hardware

[Option ID = 100627]

58) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A:
The progress of scientific knowledge is progression over time from poorer theories to better theories.
Reason R:
There are better observations through more accurate instruments and informed logical reasoning.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10098][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q058]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100628]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100629]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100630]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100631]

59) The correct sequence of research process is:

A. To prepare a research design
B. Data collection and analysis
C. Exploration of research questions, literature review and theory
D. Writing a research report

[Question ID = 10099][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q059]
1. C, A, B and D

[Option ID = 100632]
2. A, C, D and B

[Option ID = 100633]
3. B, C, D and A

[Option ID = 100634]
4. D, C, B and A

[Option ID = 100635]

60) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Deductive reasoning begins with initial set of premises.

Statement II:
In deduction, the conclusion is true if the initial premise and reasons are correct.

[Question ID = 10100][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q060]

[Option ID = 100636]

[Option ID = 100637]

[Option ID = 100638]

[Option ID = 100639]

61) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Inductive research is for theory building.
Statement II:
The goal of inductive research is to infer theoretical concepts and patterns from observed data.

[Question ID = 10101][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q061]

[Option ID = 100640]

[Option ID = 100641]

[Option ID = 100642]

[Option ID = 100643]

62) The goal of scientific research is/are:

A. Discover laws
B. Build scientific knowledge
C. Postulate theories that can explain social phenomena
D. To establish morality in society

[Question ID = 10102][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q062]
1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100644]
2. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100645]
3. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100646]
4. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100647]

63) Ibid is used in which of the following?[Question ID = 10103][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q063]
1. Citation [Option ID = 100648]
2. Bibliography [Option ID = 100649]
3. Index [Option ID = 100650]
4. Figures and Tables [Option ID = 100651]

64) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
If one studies the learning outcomes of people that use new technologies, the unit of analysis is the new technology.

Statement II:

If one studies the learning outcomes of people that use new technologies, the unit of analysis is the people.

[Question ID = 10104][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q064]

[Option ID = 100652]

[Option ID = 100653]

[Option ID = 100654]

[Option ID = 100655]

65) What is the correct sequence in a citation for a journal?

A. Pagination
B. Volume number
C. Name of the Author
D. Title of the article
E. Title of the Journal

[Question ID = 10105][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q065]
1. CDEBA

[Option ID = 100656]
2. ABCDE

[Option ID = 100657]
3. CDEAB

[Option ID = 100658]
4. DCEBA

[Option ID = 100659]

66) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A:
Study of religion cannot use scientific methods.

Reason R:
Theological ideals cannot be tested by independent observations.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10106][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q066]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100660]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100661]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100662]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100663]

67) Who among the following is associated with the social constructivist approach in the field of International relations?

[Question ID = 10107][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q067]
1. Francis Fukuyama

[Option ID = 100664]
2. Robert Cox

[Option ID = 100665]
3. Alexander Wendt

[Option ID = 100666]
4. R. O. Keohne

[Option ID = 100667]

68) Which of the following is/are true for deductive research?

A. The researcher tests concepts and patterns from known theories
B. It uses new empirical data
C. It is called theory‐building research
D. It may lead to refinement, improvement and extension of theories

[Question ID = 10108][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q068]
1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100668]
2. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100669]
3. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100670]
4. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100671]

69) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: Human brain is superior than a computer
Reason R: Computer can only execute and not think

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10109][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q069]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100672]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100673]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100674]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100675]

70) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Scientific methods lay emphasis on valid observations.
Statement II:
One can generalise the results of research conducted through scientific methods.

[Question ID = 10110][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q070]

[Option ID = 100676]

[Option ID = 100677]

[Option ID = 100678]

[Option ID = 100679]

71) Schedules as method of data collection is similar to which of the following?[Question ID = 10168][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q071]
1. Sampling [Option ID = 100680]
2. Questionnaire [Option ID = 100681]
3. Observation [Option ID = 100682]
4. Content analysis [Option ID = 100683]

72) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:

Hypothesis should not be falsifiable using observed data

Statement II:
Hypothesis should clearly identify independent and dependent variables.

[Question ID = 10169][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q072]

[Option ID = 100684]

[Option ID = 100685]

[Option ID = 100686]

[Option ID = 100687]

73) Which of the following are the limitations of research in social sciences ?

A. Imprecise nature of theoretical concepts
B. Inadequate tools to measure them
C. Presence of unaccounted factors that could influence phenomena of interests
D. Limited job opportunities

[Question ID = 10170][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q073]
1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100688]
2. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100689]
3. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100690]
4. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100691]

74) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Positivist methods employ an inductive approach to research.
Statement II: interpretive methods employ a deductive approach to research.

[Question ID = 10171][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q074]

[Option ID = 100692]

[Option ID = 100693]

[Option ID = 100694]

[Option ID = 100695]

75) In the collection of a primary data, if all the units of the population are studied, it is called:[Question ID = 10172]
[Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q075]
1. Observation method [Option ID = 100696]
2. Census method [Option ID = 100697]
3. Population method [Option ID = 100698]
4. Sampling method [Option ID = 100699]

76) Skewness is a measure of :[Question ID = 10173][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q076]
1. Normalcy [Option ID = 100700]
2. Spurious correlation [Option ID = 100701]
3. Error [Option ID = 100702]
4. Asymmetry [Option ID = 100703]

77) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Survey Research is useful for measuring a wide variety of unobservable data, such as people’s preferences, attitudes etc.

Statement II:
Survey Research can remotely collect data about a population that is too large to observe directly.

[Question ID = 10174][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q077]

[Option ID = 100704]

[Option ID = 100705]

[Option ID = 100706]

[Option ID = 100707]

78) The aim of stratified sampling is:[Question ID = 10175][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q078]
1. The sample is non‐random [Option ID = 100708]
2. The sample is non‐biased [Option ID = 100709]
3. The sample is representative [Option ID = 100710]
4. The sample has an optimum size [Option ID = 100711]

79) The key characteristics of scientific methods include:

A. It is logical
B. It is repeatable
C. It is confirmable
D. It is scrutinizable

[Question ID = 10176][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q079]
1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100712]
2. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100713]
3. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100714]
4. A, B,C and D

[Option ID = 100715]

80) The term et. al. means which of the following?[Question ID = 10177][Question Description =
S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q080]
1. Same [Option ID = 100716]
2. And others [Option ID = 100717]
3. Cited in [Option ID = 100718]
4. Appendices [Option ID = 100719]

81) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
In an Experimental research the control group gets experimental treatment.

Statement II:
In an experimental research, the spurious effect of an extraneous variable can be controlled.

[Question ID = 10178][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q081]

[Option ID = 100720]

[Option ID = 100721]

[Option ID = 100722]

[Option ID = 100723]

82) Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A : Qualitative analysis is largely dependent on the researcher.

Reason R: Qualitative analysis requires researcher’s analytic and integrative skills and personal knowledge of the social
context where the data is collected.

In the light of the above statements choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 10179][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q082]
1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100724]
2. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A

[Option ID = 100725]
3. A is correct but R is not correct

[Option ID = 100726]
4. A is not correct but R is correct

[Option ID = 100727]

83) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Theory is opposite of facts.

Statement II:
Theories are not sacrosanct and they can be rejected and replaced.

[Question ID = 10180][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q083]

[Option ID = 100728]

[Option ID = 100729]

[Option ID = 100730]

[Option ID = 100731]

84) Which of the following are true about the types of research?

A. Tabulation of demographic statistics is an example of descriptive research
B. Exploratory research examines the nature and extent of the problem
C. The question ‘how’ is examined through exploratory research
D. Explanatory research identifies causal factors and outcomes of the target population

[Question ID = 10181][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q084]
1. A, B and D

[Option ID = 100732]
2. B, C and D

[Option ID = 100733]
3. A, C and D

[Option ID = 100734]
4. A, B, C and D

[Option ID = 100735]

85) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:

Laws are observed patterns of behaviour.

Statement II:
Theories are systematic explanations underlying a phenomenon of behaviour.

[Question ID = 10182][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q085]

[Option ID = 100736]

[Option ID = 100737]

[Option ID = 100738]

[Option ID = 100739]

86) Which of the following research design is best suited to test the cause – effect relationship?

[Question ID = 10183][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q086]
1. Field surveys

[Option ID = 100740]
2. Focus group research

[Option ID = 100741]
3. Experimental studies

[Option ID = 100742]
4. Ethnography

[Option ID = 100743]

87) What is done with a hypothesis in a research?[Question ID = 10184][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q087]
1. Tested [Option ID = 100744]
2. Described [Option ID = 100745]
3. Tabulated [Option ID = 100746]
4. Concluded [Option ID = 100747]

88) Which of the following are true for concepts?

A. They are generalised properties associated with persons, objects or events
B. They are often abstract and difficult to visualise
C. Constructs are derived from concepts and require operational definitions
D. Concepts are variables

[Question ID = 10185][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q088]
1. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 100748]
2. B, C and D only

[Option ID = 100749]
3. A, C and D only

[Option ID = 100750]
4. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100751]

89) Internal validity of research design relates to :[Question ID = 10186][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q089]
1. Causality [Option ID = 100752]
2. Generalizability [Option ID = 100753]
3. Accurate measurement [Option ID = 100754]
4. Valid conclusions from statistical procedures [Option ID = 100755]

90) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Triangulation of data collected using multiple means is important in case studies.

Statement II: Random sampling is not used in the selection of case sites.

[Question ID = 10187][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q090]

[Option ID = 100756]

[Option ID = 100757]

[Option ID = 100758]

[Option ID = 100759]

91) Which of the following influences the relation between the ‘independent’ and ‘dependent’ variables?

A. Control variables
B. Moderating variables
C. Mediating variables
D. Exogenous variables

[Question ID = 10111][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q091]
1. B only

[Option ID = 100760]
2. A and B only

[Option ID = 100761]
3. C and D only

[Option ID = 100762]
4. C only

[Option ID = 100763]

92) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Use of unattributed data, assessment or viewpoint constitute plagiarism.
Statement II:
Plagiarism poses legal and ethical challenges for research.

[Question ID = 10112][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q092]

[Option ID = 100764]

[Option ID = 100765]

[Option ID = 100766]

[Option ID = 100767]

93) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Case study can involve multiple methods of data collection, such as interviews, observations, pre‐recorded
documents, and secondary data

Statement II: Case study can have rigorous experimental controls.

[Question ID = 10113][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q093]

[Option ID = 100768]

[Option ID = 100769]

[Option ID = 100770]

[Option ID = 100771]

94) Which of the following are true for a ‘paradigm’?

A. They are models constructed to represent social systems
B. They are mental frame of reference to organise our reasoning and observations
C. It is popularised by Karl Popper
D. They represent different views of social reality

[Question ID = 10114][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q094]
1. A and B only

[Option ID = 100772]
2. B and C only

[Option ID = 100773]
3. B and D only

[Option ID = 100774]
4. A and D only

[Option ID = 100775]

95) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Interdisciplinary research brings out holistic approach to research.
Statement II:
Interdisciplinary research has simplified the problem of research.

[Question ID = 10115][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q095]

[Option ID = 100776]

[Option ID = 100777]

[Option ID = 100778]

[Option ID = 100779]

96) 'Scientific knowledge should be restricted to what can be observed and tested’ is the formulation of which of the
following?

A. Idealism
B. Positivism
C. Post‐Positivism
D. Rationalism

[Question ID = 10116][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q096]
1. A only

[Option ID = 100780]
2. A and B only

[Option ID = 100781]
3. A, B and D only

[Option ID = 100782]
4. B only

[Option ID = 100783]

97) Literature review may lead to which of the following ?

A. Identification of theories and concepts related to the phenomena of interest
B. Modification of research questions
C. Intuitive answers to the research questions
D. Duplication of research

[Question ID = 10117][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q097]
1. A, B and C

[Option ID = 100784]
2. B, C and D

[Option ID = 100785]
3. A, B, C and D

[Option ID = 100786]
4. A, C and D

[Option ID = 100787]

98) Given below are two statements:

Statement I:
Observation method is mostly used in the studies relating to behavioural sciences.
Statement II:
Under the Observation method, the information is sought by way of investigator’s own direct observation without asking any
questions.

[Question ID = 10118][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q098]

[Option ID = 100788]

[Option ID = 100789]

[Option ID = 100790]

[Option ID = 100791]

99) Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Data organization and coding is done prior to data entry for analysis.
Statement II: Coding of data is done to hide the meaning.

[Question ID = 10119][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q099]

[Option ID = 100792]

[Option ID = 100793]

[Option ID = 100794]

[Option ID = 100795]

100) Research design includes which of the following ?

A. Selecting a research method
B. Operationalization
C. Sampling strategy
D. Writing a research report

[Question ID = 10120][Question Description = S1_WASH_844_PhD_Q100]
1. A, B and D

[Option ID = 100796]
2. B, C and D

[Option ID = 100797]
3. A, B and C

[Option ID = 100798]
4. A, C and D

[Option ID = 100799]