ISC Class 11 Syllabus 2027 Robotics

ISC YEAR 2027

INDIAN SCHOOL CERTIFICATE
EXAMINATION

ROBOTICS
(884)

February 2025
____________________________________________________________________________________________

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MISSION STATEMENT

The Council for the Indian School Certificate
Examinations is committed to serving the nation's
children, through high quality educational
endeavours, empowering them to contribute towards
a humane, just and pluralistic society, promoting
introspective living, by creating exciting learning
opportunities, with a commitment to excellence.

ETHOS OF CISCE

Trust and fair play.
Minimum monitoring.
Allowing schools to evolve their own niche.
Catering to the needs of the children.
Giving freedom to experiment with new ideas
and practices.
Diversity and plurality - the basic strength for
evolution of ideas.
Schools to motivate pupils towards the
cultivation of:
Excellence - The Indian and Global
experience.
Values - Spiritual and cultural - to be the bedrock
of the educational experience.
Schools to have an 'Indian Ethos', strong roots in
the national psyche and be sensitive to national
aspirations.

ROBOTICS (884)

This subject may be taken with Computer Science but not with Artificial Intelligence.

Aims
1. To develop an understanding of concepts and 4. To introduce programming concepts used in
applications of Robotics. Robotics.
2. To develop competencies in Robotics via., 5. To familiarize students with the integration of
classroom instruction, laboratory and self- subsystems.
directed project-based learning approach. 6. To facilitate appreciation, understanding and
3. To facilitate appreciation, understanding and application of Robotics.
application with introductory concepts of 7. To discuss Types of Robots based on
Robotics and Mechanical, Electrical and applications.
Computing Sub Systems. 8. To provide examples of application-based
robots.

CLASS XI

There will be two papers in the subject: Paper II: Practical - 3 hours ... 15 marks
Paper I: Theory - 3 hours ... 70 marks Project Work … 10 marks
Practical File … 5 marks

PAPER I- THEORY: 70 Marks
S. NO. UNIT TOTAL WEIGHTAGE

1. Introduction to Robotics 10 Marks

2. Mechanical System 15 Marks

3. Computing Systems 20 Marks

4. Electrical and Control Systems 15 Marks

5. Applications of Robotic Systems 10 Marks

TOTAL 70 Marks

ISC Examination Year 2027 1

PAPER I - THEORY- 70 Marks
1. Introduction to Robotics Fixed Frames: These are stationary frames
that serve as a stable reference point. For
(i) What is a robot?
instance, in a robotic arm, the base frame
Understanding what robots are and how of the robot is often fixed to the ground,
they operate autonomously or semi- providing a constant reference for the
autonomously using sensors and AI. entire system.
(ii) New Age Robotics Systems. Moving Frames: These frames move along
Advanced AI and machine learning with the object they are attached to,
applications in smart manufacturing, allowing for dynamic reference points. For
example, each segment of a robotic arm
healthcare, and autonomous vehicles.
may have its own moving frame, which
(iii) Components of Robots. changes position as the arm moves.
System Visualization, Design, and (ii) Degrees of Freedom.
Creation, Utilizing CAD modeling and
precision manufacturing to create sensors, 3D Modelling, designing structures by
manipulating shapes in a virtual space,
actuators, and control units.
with the option to move, scale, and rotate
(iv) Relating Physics & Mathematics to them along all three axes. TinkerCAD as a
Robotics. beginner-friendly, browser-based tool for
Applying principles for motion, forces, creating 3D models. Design of different
control, algorithms for programming, structures using Tinker Cad.
and problem-solving. (iii)Planar Mechanisms.
Matrix Operations: Essential for
transformations, handling coordinate Planar mechanisms operate in a two-
systems, and calculating rotations and dimensional plane, typically with motion
translations in robotic arms. restricted to a single plane with real life
Vectors and Vector Spaces: Used for examples.
calculating direction, force, and position in (iv)Spatial Mechanism.
space, especially in multi-dimensional Three-dimensional mechanisms, operate in
tasks. three-dimensional space and allow motion
(v) Project Management. in multiple directions with real life
Planning, execution, and monitoring, examples(Qualitative with pictures).
Ensuring robotic projects meet goals, (v) Robot Kinematics.
are completed on time, within budget, and Planar open chain mechanism, Forward
adhere to quality standards. kinematics of different planar
configurations, such as 2R and RP, allows
2. Mechanical System
to compute the position based on the joint
(i) Frames and Reference Frames. variables or displacements.
Frames: In robotics and mechanical (vi) Different Components of Robot.
systems, representation of a coordinate
system defining the position and orientation Examining frames, materials (MDF,acrylic,
of objects within that system, provide a aluminum, steel), and wheel types
reference for defining the movement and (standard, castor, Mecanum, Omni).
positioning of robotic components.
Reference Frames: Understanding moving
and fixed frames, crucial for robot
movement and positioning.

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(vii) Coordinate Systems. Adaptive Control Systems: Adaptive control
Cartesian, polar, and cylindrical systems, complex, repetitive motions, such
coordinates used for robot positioning and as pick-and-place operations in logistics or
movement. packaging.
(viii) Specification of Robots. 3. Computing Systems
Resolution: Reference to the smallest
(i) Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT).
incremental movement that a robot can
Application in robotics for decision-
detect or achieve, robot’s control system
making.
and sensors.
(ii) Microcontroller / SBC Architecture.
Current Trends: Higher Resolution Understanding block diagrams and
Encoders particularly in applications architecture.
requiring high precision, such as
electronics or biomedical manufacturing. (iii) Programming Fundamentals.
Algorithms, flowcharts, pseudo code,
Sub-Micron Resolution: High-precision
microcontroller/SBC programming, basic
applications, robots, sub-micron levels and
embedded C programming, interrupts, and
semiconductor manufacturing.
timers.
Integrated Vision Systems: Integrated
(iv) Debugging and Testing.
vision systems that enhance resolution by
allowing real-time adjustments based on Ensuring correct and efficient program
visual feedback. execution.

Accuracy: Ability to position its end- 4. Electrical and Control Systems
effectors precisely at a desired location.
(i) Motors and Sensors.
Current Trends: Enhanced Calibration Types of motors (DC, Servo) description,
Techniques- Achieve better absolute characteristics, application, advantages
accuracy. Calibration accounts for all and disadvantages.
joints and links, minimizing errors in each Sensors (IR, ultrasonic, LIDAR, touch,
part of the robot arm. gyroscopes, accelerometer) description,
Dynamic Error Compensation: working principle, application, advantages
Dynamically adjust for temperature and disadvantages.
changes, wear, and other environmental (ii) Batteries.
factors to maintain accuracy.
Types of batteries commonly used in
Feedback Mechanisms: Laser-based robotics (lithium-ion,lead-
tracking and real-time correction. acid),characteristics, applications and
Repeatability: Ability to return to a specific drawbacks.
position under identical conditions (iii) Communication protocol.
repeatedly. UART, I2C, SPI, CAN.
Current Trends: Sub-Millimeter Comparison and key characteristics,
Repeatability: Tasks requiring high differences, uses, speed and performance,
consistency, such as spot welding in error detection and reliability.
automotive production.
(iv) Power Requirement.
Improved Mechanical Design: Improved Power requirements of different robotic
repeatability, as the mechanical components depending on type, size and
components and more reliable over functionality, such as motors, sensors,
repeated cycles. actuators, and microcontrollers.

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(v) Control Systems. Examination Session
Basics of control systems ensuring The program handed in at the end of the
accurate, efficient, and safe robot Planning/Writing session shall be returned to the
performance. candidates. The candidates will be required to do
and execute the program, circuit on seen and unseen
5. Applications of Robotic Systems inputs individually on the computer, hardware and
(i) Manipulators show execution to the examiner. A printout of the
Study the basic mathematical concepts and program listing, including output should be attached
control strategies used in analyzing robotic to the answer script containing the handwritten
manipulator arms, emphasizing their program and hardware results. This should be
practical use in automating industrial returned to the examiner. The program should be
sufficiently documented so that the
processes and assembly tasks.
apparatus/components required, circuit
(ii) Mobile Robots diagram/block diagram, algorithm/flowchart,
Examine the basic design principles and representation, development process,
sensor integration techniques for observations/output is clear from reading the
autonomous mobile robots, emphasizing program. Large differences between the planned
their role in logistics, transportation, and program and the printout will result in loss of
search and rescue operations. marks.
(iii) Drones Teachers should maintain a record of all the
Applying the principles of aerial robotics assignments done as part of the practical work
and drone technology, including sensor throughout the year and give it due credit at the
payloads, and regulations, with time of cumulative evaluation at the end of the year.
applications in aerial photography, Students are expected to do a minimum of twenty
agriculture, and disaster response. assignments for the year and ONE project based on
the syllabus.
PAPER II – PRACTICALS-30 Marks LIST OF SUGGESTED
The practical paper of three hours duration will be ASSIGNMENTS/EXPERIMENTS:
evaluated internally by the school. The paper shall Some sample problems are given below as
consist of three problem statements from which a examples. The problems are of varying levels of
candidate has to attempt any one problem difficulty:
statement.
1. Provide physical objects and demonstrate how
The practical consists of two parts: to describe their positions using Cartesian,
(1) Planning/ Writing Session polar, and cylindrical coordinate systems.
(2) Examination Session 2. Construct a simple robotic arm and analyze its
degrees of freedom and range of motion.
The total time to be spent on the Planning/Writing 3. Connect sensors such as ultrasonic, infrared, or
Session and the Examination session is three hours.
camera sensors to a robot and perform tasks
A maximum of 90 minutes is permitted for the like obstacle avoidance or object detection.
Planning/Writing Session and 90 minutes for the
4. Use a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino) to
Examination session. Candidates are to be program basic robot movements such as
permitted to proceed to the Examination Session
forward, backward, left, and right.
only after the 90 minutes of the Planning / 5. Use inverse kinematics to control the end-
Writing Session are over. effector of a robotic arm to reach specific target
Planning/Writing Session positions.
6. Program a robot to detect obstacles using
The candidates will be required to prepare an
sensors and navigate around them
algorithm and a handwritten program to solve the
autonomously.
problem.

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7. Use Bluetooth or Wi-Fi modules to establish Evaluation will be done as follows:
wireless communication between a robot and a
Assignments: 10 Marks
remote-control device.
8. Use simulation software to model and simulate Criteria Class design - Documentation
robotic systems performing various tasks. (Total 10 Execution Practical File
9. Choose a robotics project (e.g., autonomous marks) (4 marks) (6 marks)
robot navigation, robotic arm manipulation) and Excellent 4 6
work in teams to design, build, and demonstrate
their project. Good 3 4
Poor 1 2
NOTE: This list is indicative only. Teachers and
Project Work: 5
students should use their imagination to create
marks
innovative and original assignments.
Criteria Knowledge Functiona Presentation
EVALUATION OF ASSIGNMENTS (Total and lity and
(1 marks)
Marks (out of 30) should be distributed as given Understand Performa
5 marks)
below. ing nce
Continuous Evaluation (1 marks) (3 marks)
Candidates will be required to submit a work file Excellent 1 3 1
containing the practical work related to assignments Good 1 2 1
done during the year and ONE project. Poor 1 1 1
Assignments done throughout the year 10 marks
Terminal Evaluation
Project Work (based on any topic from 5 marks
the syllabus)
Solution to Problem Statement on 15 marks
Hands-On/ Programming
Proposed Guidelines for Marking
The actual grading will be done by the teacher Marks should be given for choice of algorithm and
based on his/her judgment. One possible way: implementation strategy, circuit making,
divide the outcome for each criterion into one of 3 documentation, correct output on known inputs
groups: excellent, good, poor/unacceptable, then mentioned in the question paper, correct output for
use numeric values for each grade and add to get unknown inputs available only to the examiner.
the total.

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