MBOSE Class 12 Question Paper 2024 for Philosophy

Meghalaya Board of School Education

QUESTION
PAPERS

Total No. of Printed Pages—11
HS/XII/A/Pls/24

2024

PHILOSOPHY

Full Marks : 100
Time : 3 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

General Instructions :
(i) Write all the answers in the Answer Script.
(ii) Attempt Part—A (Objective Questions) serially.
(iii) Attempt all parts of a question together at one place.

( PART : A—OBJECTIVE )
( Marks : 50 )

SECTION—I
( Marks : 30 )

GROUP—A

1. Choose and write the correct answer (any ten) : 1×10=10

(a) In induction we proceed from
(i) general to particular
(ii) particular to general
(iii) general to general
(iv) particular to particular
/36 [ P.T.O.

( 2 )

(b) Perfect induction is also known as
(i) scientific induction
(ii) induction per simple enumeration
(iii) induction by complete enumeration
(iv) analogy

(c) Inductive leap consists in passing from the
(i) observed cases to the unobserved cases
(ii) unobserved cases to the observed cases
(iii) observed cases to the observed cases
(iv) unobserved cases to the unobserved cases

(d) Ex nihilo nihil fit means
(i) the same cause has the same effect
(ii) cause is equal to the effect
(iii) the same cause has different effects
(iv) out of nothing, nothing comes

(e) The expression "plurality of causes' was introduced by
(i) Carveth Read
(ii) Mill
(iii) Hume
(iv) Bain
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ Contd.

( 3 )

(f) Descartes divides ideas into
(i) two kinds
(ii) three kinds
(iii) four kinds
(iv) five kinds

(g) The fallacy in which relevant circumstances are
overlooked is called the fallacy of
(i) hypothesis
(ii) explanation
(iii) generalization
(iv) non-observation

(h) Quantitatively cause is
(i) equal to effect
(ii) less than effect
(iii) more than effect
(iv) sometimes more and sometimes less than effect

(i) Mill formulated
(i) two experimental methods
(ii) three experimental methods
(iii) five experimental methods
(iv) six experimental methods
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ P.T.O.

( 4 )

(j) Hypothesis assumes
(i) two different forms
(ii) three different forms
(iii) four different forms
(iv) five different forms

(k) The law of Gravitation is a/an
(i) primary law
(ii) secondary law
(iii) empirical law
(iv) constitutional law

(l) The joint method of agreement and difference is a
double employment of the method of
(i) agreement
(ii) difference
(iii) concomitant variation
(iv) residues

(m) A statement form that has only true substitution
instances is said to be
(i) contingent
(ii) contradictory
(iii) tautology
(iv) None of the above
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ Contd.

( 5 )

(n) The number of Nastika schools in Indian philosophy
are
(i) two
(ii) three
(iii) six
(iv) seven

GROUP—B

2. Write whether the following statements are True or False
(any ten) : 1×10=10
(a) The proposition arrived at in perfect induction is a
general proposition.

(b) The cause is the antecedent of the effect.

(c) The term "colligation of facts' was originally used by
Mill.

(d) The law of uniformity is a postulate or formal ground
of induction.

(e) Observation and experiment do not differ in degree but
only in kind.

(f) Induction is concerned only with formal truth.

(g) The method of residues is a subsidiary inductive
method.
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ P.T.O.

( 6 )

(h) According to Descartes, all our ideas are innate.

(i) "º' is a symbol for negation.

(j) The curl contradicts the statement it precedes.

(k) Mal-observation is a negative fallacy.

(l) Hypothesis forms the starting point of scientific
investigation.

(m) Carvaka school belongs to the orthodox school of
Indian philosophy.

(n) Axioms are subject to proof.

GROUP—C

3. Fill in the blanks (any ten) : 1×10=10
(a) Parity of Reasoning is a case of improper induction
because it is not based on _____.

(b) Induction is based on _____ of facts.

(c) Induction is colligation but _____ is not necessarily
induction.

(d) Analysis means breaking up of a _____ fact into its
constituent factors.
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ Contd.

( 7 )

(e) In analogy, we proceed from particular to _____.

(f) The experimental methods have been called by Mill,
the methods of _____.

(g) The thing acted upon is called the _____.

(h) Hypothesis is a _____ supposition.

(i) Observation is _____ perception of facts and
circumstances.

(j) In symbolic logic, the symbols "~', "×', "Ú', "É', "º'
which represent the logical form are called _____.

(k) Every event must have a _____.

(l) Observation is finding a _____ and experiment is
making one.

(m) According to Locke, ""There is nothing in the _____
which was not previously in the sense''.

(n) Two statements are said to be materially _____ when
they have the same truth value.
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ P.T.O.

( 8 )

SECTION—II
( Marks : 20 )

4. Answer the following questions in 2 or 3 sentences each
(any ten) : 2×10=20

(a) What is a real proposition?

(b) What is meant by "paradox of induction'?

(c) What is plurality of causes?

(d) Define Analogy.

(e) What is a statement variable?

(f) Distinguish between Orthodox and Heterodox Schools
of Indian thought.

(g) Name two empiricist philosophers.

(h) Define a Cause.

(i) Distinguish between primary law and secondary law.

(j) What is Disjunction?
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ Contd.

( 9 )

(k) What is Empiricism?

(l) Define the Method of Concomitant Variations.

(m) Give an example of hypothesis concerning law.

(n) What does "Darshana' mean?

( PART : B—DESCRIPTIVE )
( Marks : 50 )

Answer Question No. 5 and any three from the rest

5. (a) Symbolize any four of the following : 2½×4=10
(i) If Germany will win the World Cup, then
Argentina will not win the World Cup.
(ii) It is not the case that lead is heavier than gold.
(iii) Neither Harry nor John will win the match.
(iv) It is not true that John is short or handsome.
(v) Either Chicago or Dallas will win the Super Bowl
but they will not both win the Super Bowl.
(vi) Both Amherst and Colgate wins their first games
only if Dartmouth does not win its first game.
(vii) Alice and Betty will both not be elected.
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ P.T.O.

( 10 )

(b) Use truth table to determine the validity or invalidity of
any two of the following argument forms : 5×2=10
(i) P ×~ Q
\Q

(ii) P ÚQ
P
\~Q

(iii) (P É Q) × (P É R)
P
\Q Ú R

(iv) P ÉQ
~ (P ×Q)
\P ÚQ

6. What is scientific induction? What are its marks or
characteristics? 3+7=10

7. What is observation? Explain the fallacies of observation.
2+8=10

8. What is a hypothesis? What are the conditions of a
legitimate hypothesis? 2+8=10

9. Explain the method of agreement with examples. 10
HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 [ Contd.

( 11 )

10. Explain Rationalism as a theory of knowledge. 10

11. Explain the distinctive features of Indian philosophy. 10

12. Write short notes on any two of the following : 5×2=10
(a) Difference between deduction and induction
(b) Law of uniformity of nature
(c) Perfect induction
(d) Advantages of observation over experiment

HHH

HS/XII/A/Pls/24/36 24K—7770

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