AHSEC HS 2nd Year Question Paper 2019 Biology

Total number of pages —12

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO)

2019

BIOLOGY
(Theory)

Full Marks : 70
Pass Marks : 21

Time : Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks
for the questions.

PART–I (BOTANY)
MARKS – 35
Page No. 1 – 6

PART–II (ZOOLOGY)
MARKS – 35
Page No. 7 – 11

Use separate Answer scripts for Part-I (Botany)
and Part-II (Zoology)

Contd.

Part–I (Botany)

[¬√õ∂Ô˜ ’—˙ – Î◊¬øæ√ ø¬ı:±Ú]

1. Name the edible part of an apple. 1

’±À¬Û˘ ¤È¬±1 ‡±…±—˙1 Ú±˜ ø˘‡±º

2. Why grafting is not possible in monocot plants ? 1

¤fl¬¬ıœÊ¬ÛSœ ά◊øæÓ¬ ŒÊ±1± fl¬˘˜ ¸y√√ª Ú˝˚˛ øfl¬˚˛ ∑

3. Name the micro-organism that converts milk to curd. 1

·±‡œ1fl¬ Δ√ Δ˘ 1+¬Û±ôL√1 fl¬1± ’Ì≈ÊœªÀȬ±1 Ú±˜ ø˘‡±º

4. What is the function of DNA ligase ? 1

øά ¤Úƒ ¤ ˘±˝◊À·Ê1 fl¬±˜ øfl¬ ∑

5. What is missing link ? Describe briefly with an example. 1+1=2

Ò±1±¬ı±ø˝fl¬Ó¬± 1鬱fl¬±1œ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¬ ∑ ¤È¬± ά◊±˝1ÀÌÀ1 ‰¬˜≈ ¬ıÌ«Ú± ø˚˛±º

Define Recapitulation theory with examples. 2

ά◊±˝1̸˝ ¬Û≈Ú1±¬ı‘øM ˜Ó¬¬ı±1 ¸—:± ø˚˛±º

6. What is transgenic plant ? Mention two advantages and one example of
transgenic plant. 1+1=2

¬ı—˙±ôL√ø1fl¬ ά◊øæ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¬ ∑ ¬ı—˙±ôL√ø1fl¬ ά◊øæ1 ≈Ȭ± ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± ά◊±˝1Ì ø˚˛±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [2]

Write on the importance of biopiracy. 2

Δʪ¶§Q±¬Û˝1Ì1 &1n∏Q1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ø˘‡±º

7. Differentiate allelopathy and antibiosis. 1+1=2

¤ø˘˘íÀ¬ÛøÔ ’±1n∏ ¤øKȬ¬ı±˚˛ø‰¬Â√1 ¬Û‘Ôfl¬œfl¬1Ì fl¬1±º

What is age pyramid ? Draw the expanding age pyramid and label its
parts. 1+1=2

¬ı˚˛¸ ø¬Û1±ø˜Î¬ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¬ ∑ ø¬ıô¶∏±1Ì ø¬Û1±ø˜Î¬1 ø‰¬S ’±“øfl¬ Ó¬±1 ’—˙À¬ı±1 ø‰¬ø˝êÓ¬ fl¬1±º

8. Write short note on the following : (any one) 2

‰¬˜≈ ŒÈ¬±fl¬± ø˘‡± . [ø˚Àfl¬±ÀÚ± ¤È¬±1]
(i) Gene gun
øÊÚƒ ¬ıμ≈fl¬
(ii) Tools of genetic engineering
øÊÚœ˚˛ ’øˆ¬˚LaÌ1 ’±ø˝˘±
(iii) Gene cloning
øÊÚƒ flv¬í øÚ—

9. What are the conditions of biopatent ? 2

¬ı±˚˛íÀ¬ÛÀȬKȬ1 ‰¬Ó«¬ ¸˜”˝ øfl¬ øfl¬ ∑

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [3] Contd.

Write about the function and principle of ELISA technique. 2

ELISA √õ∂øSê˚˛±1 fl¬±˚« ’±1n∏ ¸”S1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ø˘‡±º

10. Write scientific name and utility of the following plants : (any two)
1+1=2
Ó¬˘Ó¬ ø˚˛± ά◊øæ¸˜”˝ 1 Δ¬ı:±øÚfl¬ Ú±˜ ’±1n∏ ¬ı…ª˝±1 ø˘‡± . [ø˚Àfl¬±ÀÚ± ≈Ȭ±1]

(a) Teak
Œ‰¬&Ú
(b) Indian ginseng
’ù´·g±
(c) Chinchona
ø‰¬ÚÀfl¬±Ú±
(d) Sissoo
øÂ√Â√≈

11. Write briefly the chemical origin of life on the earth. 3

¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ Êœª1 1±¸±˚˛øÚfl¬ ά◊»¬ÛøM1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ‰¬˜≈Õfl¬ ø˘‡±º¬

“Survival of the fittest”, explain the statement with the help of Darwin’s
theory. 3

ëëŒ˚±·…Ó¬±1 ά◊»¬ıM« Úíí, ά±1ά◊˝◊Ú ˜Ó¬¬ı±1 ¸˝±˚˛Ó¬ ¤˝◊ ά◊øMê1 ¬ı…±‡…± fl¬1±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [4]

12. What is tissue culture ? Write the advantages of tissue culture.
1+2=3

fl¬˘±fl¬¯∏«Ì øfl¬ ∑ fl¬˘±fl¬¯∏«Ì1 ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¸˜”˝ ø˘‡±º

What is meant by somatic hybridization ? Give an account on necessary
steps of the method with an example. 1+2=3

fl¬±ø˚˛fl¬ ¸—fl¬1Ì ˜±ÀÚ øfl¬ ¬ı≈ʱ˚˛ ∑ ¤øȬ ά◊±˝1̸˝ ¤˝◊ √õ∂øSê˚˛±Ó¬ ’±ª˙…fl¬œ˚˛ ô¶∏1 ¸˜”˝ 1 ¬ıÌ«Ú±
ø˚˛±º

13. Define fermentation and describe briefly how alcohol is produced in this
process. 1+2=3

øfl¬∞´Ú √õ∂øSê˚˛±1 ¸—:± ø˚˛± ’±1n∏ ¤˝◊ ¬√¬ÛXøÓ¬Ó¬ ¸≈1± Œfl¬ÀÚÕfl¬ √õ∂dÓ¬ fl¬1± ˝˚˛ Ó¬±1 ‰¬˜≈ ¬ıÌ«Ú± ø˚˛±º

What are biopesticides ? Write briefly on biopesticides with examples.
1+2=3

Δʪ fl¬œÈ¬Ú±˙fl¬ øfl¬ ∑ ά◊±˝1̸˝ Δʪfl¬œÈ¬Ú±˙fl¬1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ø˘‡±º

14. What is double fertilization ? Describe the process with diagrams from the
stage of megaspore formation to zygote formation. 1+4=5

ø¬Z-øÚÀ¯∏‰¬Ú øfl¬ ∑ ø‰¬S¸˝ ¶aœÀ1Ì≈ ·Í¬Ú ô¶∏11 ¬Û1± Œ˚±ÊÚ Œfl¬±¯∏ ·Í¬ÚÕ˘Àfl¬ √õ∂øSê˚˛±ÀȬ± ¬ıÌ«Ú± fl¬1±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [5] Contd.

Why meiosis is essential at the time of sporogenesis in angiosperms ?
Explain the process of development of male gametophyte in angiosperms
with suitable diagrams. 1+4=5

¬&5¬ıœÊœ ά◊øæ1 Œ1Ì≈ÊÚÚ1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¬˝ò±¸±Rfl¬ ø¬ıˆ¬±ÊÚ1 ’±ª˙…fl¬ øfl¬˚˛ ∑ &5¬ıœÊœ ά◊øæ1
¬Û≈—ÊÌ≈1 ø¬ıfl¬±˙ ¬ÛXøÓ¬ ά◊¬Û˚≈Mê ø‰¬S¸˝ ¬ı…±‡…± fl¬1±º

15. What is genetic engineering ? Describe the major steps of gene cloning
technology. 1+4=5

øÊÚœ˚˛ ’øˆ¬˚LaÌ øfl¬ ∑ øÊÚƒ flv¬íøÚ—Ó¬ ÊøάˇÓ¬ √õ∂Ò±Ú ô¶∏1¸˜”˝1 ¬ıÌ«Ú± ø˚˛±º

Write an account of biotechnological applications in medicine. 5

ø‰¬øfl¬»¸± ø¬ı:±ÚÓ¬ fl¬±ø1fl¬1œ Êœªø¬ı:±Ú1 √õ∂À˚˛±· ¸•§Àg ¤øȬ ¬ıÌ«Ú± ø˚˛±º

———— ×————

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [6]

Part–II (Zoology)

[¬√ø ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ’—˙ – √õ∂±Ìœø¬ı:±Ú]

1. Fill in the blanks : (any two) 1×2=2

‡±˘œ ͬ±˝◊√ ¬Û”1Ì fl¡1± – [ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ≈√Ȭ±]

(a) Anterior part of sperm is called .

qSê±Ì≈ Œfl¬±¯∏1 ’¢∂ˆ¬±·fl¬ ¬¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¬±ª± ˝˚˛º

(b) Archaeopteryx is a connecting link between reptiles and .

’±øfl«¬’í¬ÛÀȬø1' ˝í˘ ¸1œ¸‘¬Û ’±1n∏ 1 ¸—À˚±· Êœªº

(c) Genetic constitution of an organism is called .

˝í˘ ¤È¬± Êœª1 øÊÚ1 ¸˜ø©Üº

(d) Cancer causing viruses are known as .

fl¬fl«¬È¬ Œ1±· ¸‘ø©Ü fl¬1± ˆ¬±˝◊1±‰¬ ¸˜”˝fl¬ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¬±ª± ˝˚˛º

2. Answer any two : 1×2=2

ø˚Àfl¬±ÀÚ± ≈Ȭ¬±1 Î◊¬M1 ø˘‡± –

(a) What is interspecific hybridization ?

’±ôL√–√õ∂ʱøÓ¬ ¸—fl¬1Ì øfl¬ ∑

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [7]

(b) What are the restriction enzymes ?

ëŒ1ø©Üòflƒ¬˙…±Úí ¤ÚƒÊ±˝◊˜ ¸˜”˝ øfl¬ ∑

(c) What is the first infective stage of malarial parasite in man ?

˜±Ú≈˝ 1 Œ˝Ó¬ Œ˜À˘1œ˚˛± ¬Û1Êœªœ1 √õ∂Ô˜ ¸—S걘fl¬ ˙±ÀȬ± øfl¬ ∑¬

(d) What is ex-situ conservation ?

¬ıø˝–¶ö±Ú ¸—1é¬Ì øfl¬ ∑

3. Answer any four : 2×4=8

ø˚Àfl¬±ÀÚ± ‰¬±ø1Ȭ±1 Î◊¬M1 ø˘‡± –

(a) What are the significance of crossing over ?

¬Û±1—·øÓ¬1 &1n∏Q øfl¬ ∑

(b) Write briefly on haemophilia.

ø˝˜íøÙ¬ø˘˚˛±1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ‰¬˜≈Õfl¬ ø˘‡±º

(c) What do you mean by adaptive radiation ?

’Ú≈fl”¬˘œ √õ∂¸±1Ì ¬ı≈ø˘À˘ øfl¬ ¬¬ı≈ʱ ∑¬

(d) Write the various components of immune system.

’¸—S걘… Ó¬La1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Î¬◊¬Û±±Ú ¸˜”˝ ø˘‡±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [8] Contd.

(e) Write the various causes of water pollution.

¬Û±Úœ √õ∂”¯∏Ì1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß fl¬±1Ì ¸˜”˝ ø˘‡±º

(f) What are the factors of population growth ?

’±¬ı±œ ¬¬ı‘øX1 fl¬±1fl¬À¬ı±1 øfl¬ øfl¬ ∑

4. Write differences between : (any two) 2×2=4

ø˚Àfl¬±ÀÚ± ≈Ȭ±1 ¬Û±Ô«fl¬… ø˘‡± –

(a) Parturition and lactation

√õ∂¸ª ’±1n∏ ≈*é¬1Ì

(b) Down's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome.

ά±Î¬◊Ú1 ø‰¬f˜ ’±1n∏ øflv¬ÚÀÙ¬˘ƒÈ¬±11 ø‰¬f˜

(c) Vaccination and immunisation

øÂ√Ȭ±fl¬1Ì ’±1n∏ ’¸—S걘…fl¬1Ì

(d) Convergent evolution and divergent evolution

’øˆ¬¸±1œ Sê˜ø¬ıfl¬±˙ ’±1n∏ ’¬Û¸±1œ Sê˜ø¬ıfl¬±˙º

5. Draw a neat labelled diagram of a human sperm. 2+1=3

¤øȬ ˜±Úª qSê±Ì≈1 ¬Ûø1©®±1 ø‰¬ø˝êÓ¬ ø‰¬S ’±“fl¬±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [9]

Diagrammatically express the Watson-Crick's semiconservative models of
DNA replication. 3

›ª±È¬‰¬Ú ’±1n∏ øSêflƒ¬ 1 ’±ø˝«Ó¬ DNA 1 ’X« ¸—1øé¬Ó¬ √õ∂øÓ¬fl‘¬øÓ¬fl¬1Ì1 ø‰¬Sœ˚˛ 1+¬Û √õ∂fl¬±˙ fl¬1±º

6. What are sexually transmitted diseases ? Write its various types of
preventive measures. 1+2=3

ø˘—· ¸=±ø1Ó¬ Œ1±· ¬ı± Œ˚ÃÚÀ1±· fl¬±fl¬ Œ¬ı±À˘ ∑ ¤˝◊ Œ1±· √õ∂øÓ¬À1±Ò1 ¬¬ı…ª¶ö±À¬ı±1 øfl¬ øfl¬ ∑

Write the various methods of cancer detection and diagnosis. 3

fl¬fl«¬È¬À1±· øÚÌ«˚˛ ’±1n∏ ø‰¬Ú±Mêfl¬1Ì1 ¬ÛXøÓ¬À¬ı±1 ø˘‡±º

7. Describe about the Pedigree analysis. 3

¬ı—˙±ª˘œ ˝◊øÓ¬¬ı‘M ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì ¬ÛXøÓ¬ÀȬ± ¬ıÌ«Ú± fl¬1±º

Describe about the 'greenhouse' effect. 3

Œ¸Î¬◊Ê·‘˝ √õ∂ˆ¬±ª ¸•ÛÀfl«¬ ¬ıÌ«Ú± fl¬1±º

8. Describe the Mendel's laws of inheritance. 5

Œ˜ÀG˘1 ¬ı—˙·øÓ¬ ¸˜gœ˚˛ ¸”S ¸˜”˝ ¬ıÌ«Ú± fl¬1±º

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [ 10 ] Contd.

'DNA is a genetic material', explain the statement with the help of Alfred
Hershey and Martha Chase experiment. 5

ëøά. ¤Úƒ. ¤. ˝í˘ øÊÚœ˚˛ ^¬ı…í, ά◊øMêÀȬ± ’±˘ÀÙˬά ˝±øÂ√« ’±1n∏ ˜±Ô±« Œ‰¬Êƒí1 ¬Û1œé¬±1 ¸˝±˚˛Ó¬
¬ı…±‡…± fl¬1±º√√

9. Describe the process of the flow of energy in different trophic level of an
ecosystem. 5

¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬ Ó¬La ¤È¬±1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Œ¬ÛÃø©Üfl¬ ô¶∏1Ó¬ ˙øMê √õ∂¬ı±˝ √õ∂øSê˚˛± ¬ıÌ«Ú± fl¬1±º∏∏

What is ecological pyramid ? Explain different types of ecological pyramid
with diagram. 2+3=5

˝◊fl¬í˘øÊÀfl¬˘ ø¬Û1±ø˜Îƒ¬ øfl¬ ∑ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ˝◊fl¬í˘øÊÀfl¬˘ ø¬Û1±ø˜Î¬1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ø‰¬S1 ¸˝±˚˛Ó¬ ¬ı…±‡…±
fl¬1±º

———— ×————

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [ 11 ]

29T BIOL (BOT-ZOO) [ 12 ] 42+