DUET 2021 Question Paper Ph.D in Law

DU PhD in Law
Topic:‐ LAW PHD

1) Inference about the general population based upon the observations made on small portion of the total population is
called as:[Question ID = 6622]
1. Pseudo‐ Inference [Option ID = 26485]
2. Objective Inference [Option ID = 26486]
3. Inductive Inference [Option ID = 26487]
4. Deductive Inference [Option ID = 26488]

2) In hypothesis testing, Beta error occurs ‐[Question ID = 6623]
1. When researcher rejects a null hypothesis when it is true [Option ID = 26489]
2. When researcher accepts a null hypothesis when it is false [Option ID = 26490]
3. Both the null and alternative hypotheses are rejected [Option ID = 26491]
4. Both the null and alternative hypotheses are accepted [Option ID = 26492]

3) Sexual harassment at workplace creates an insecure and hostile working environment. The researcher wants to find out
why people do this and how they feel about it. What would be the primary purpose of this study:[Question ID = 6624]
1. Prediction [Option ID = 26493]
2. Description [Option ID = 26494]
3. Exploration [Option ID = 26495]
4. Explanation [Option ID = 26496]

4) Drug abuse has severely affected the academic life of students of XYZ University over the last five years. The
researcher tries to find out how the drug abuse can be reduced among students of XYZ University. The researcher is
conducting –[Question ID = 6625]
1. Pure Research [Option ID = 26497]
2. Applied Research [Option ID = 26498]
3. Descriptive Research [Option ID = 26499]
4. Exploratory Research [Option ID = 26500]

5) Open and close‐ended are the kinds of :[Question ID = 6626]
1. Attitude Scale [Option ID = 26501]
2. Rating scale [Option ID = 26502]
3. Checklists [Option ID = 26503]
4. Questionnaire [Option ID = 26504]

6) The researcher is studying the rate of murders committed by male teenagers over last one decade. The study is‐
[Question ID = 6627]
1. Factorial [Option ID = 26505]
2. Social [Option ID = 26506]
3. Cross sectional [Option ID = 26507]
4. Longitudinal [Option ID = 26508]

7) Which of the following is not an error of Rating Scale:[Question ID = 6628]
1. Beta Error [Option ID = 26509]
2. Halo Error [Option ID = 26510]
3. Logical Error [Option ID = 26511]
4. Central Tendency Error [Option ID = 26512]

8) “The higher the density of population, the higher the rate of illiteracy and drug addiction.” This is a:[Question ID =
6629]
1. Univariate hypothesis [Option ID = 26513]
2. Bivariate hypothesis [Option ID = 26514]
3. Multivariate hypothesis [Option ID = 26515]
4. Null hypothesis [Option ID = 26516]

9) Which kind of rating scale does it depict: Strongly Disagree , Disagree, Neutral, Agree, Strongly Agree [Question ID =
6630]
1. Likert scale [Option ID = 26517]
2. Simple itemized rating scale [Option ID = 26518]
3. Semantic differential scale [Option ID = 26519]
4. Paired Comparative Scale [Option ID = 26520]

10) ____________ is a theory that is generated from data that is systematically collected and analyzed, mainly using an
inductive approach.[Question ID = 6631]
1. Experiment [Option ID = 26521]
2. Grounded theory [Option ID = 26522]

3. Action Research [Option ID = 26523]
4. Ethnography [Option ID = 26524]

11) Analysis of variance is a statistical method of comparing _______ of several populations.[Question ID = 6632]
1. ​Means [Option ID = 26525]
2. Standard deviations [Option ID = 26526]
3. Proportions [Option ID = 26527]
4. Variance [Option ID = 26528]

12) Consider the following:

A. Halsbury’s Laws of England

B. Black’s Legal Dictionary

C. All India Reporter

D. The Constitution of India

Which of the following is/are not the source(s) of primary data?

[Question ID = 6633]
1. A only

[Option ID = 26529]
2. A and B only

[Option ID = 26530]
3. A, B and C only

[Option ID = 26531]
4. A, B, C and D

[Option ID = 26532]

13) Consider the following:

A. In Asymmetrical relationship between variables, change in one variable causes change in the other variable.

B. In symmetrical relationship, change in one variable is not caused by change in another variable.

C. In inverse relationship between variables, variables change in opposite direction.

D. In a linear relationship, two variables vary at the same rate whether the values of variables are low, high or
intermediate.

Choose the correct answer from the options givne below

[Question ID = 6634]
1. Only D is true

[Option ID = 26533]
2. Only C and D are true

[Option ID = 26534]
3. Only A, B and C are true

[Option ID = 26535]
4. A, B, C and D are true

[Option ID = 26536]

14) 'Parental divorce is a consistent predictor of delinquency’. In this, the independent variable is:[Question ID = 6635]
1. Parental Divorce [Option ID = 26537]
2. Delinquency [Option ID = 26538]
3. Neither 1 nor 2 [Option ID = 26539]
4. Both 1 and 2 [Option ID = 26540]

15) Suppose you are studying the problems faced by students, professors and library staff in all private universities in
Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Because it is not viable to call each student, professor and library staff to
interact and ask about their problems. You treat all universities of each State as a unit and you randomly select fifty
students, thirty professors and ten persons of library staff from each unit. The procedure is called as:[Question ID = 6636]
1. Simple random Sampling [Option ID = 26541]
2. Stratified Random Sampling [Option ID = 26542]
3. Cluster Sampling [Option ID = 26543]
4. Multistage Sampling [Option ID = 26544]

16) To cite an edited work of a single editor,_____________ is used.[Question ID = 6637]
1. op. cit. [Option ID = 26545]
2. et. al. [Option ID = 26546]
3. ed. [Option ID = 26547]
4. id. [Option ID = 26548]

17) A study is being carried out to examine whether adolescents have more positive coping skills as compared to adults. In
this study:[Question ID = 6638]
1. The independent variable is coping and the dependent variable is adolescence [Option ID = 26549]
2. The independent variable is coping and the dependent variable is adulthood [Option ID = 26550]
3. The independent variable is age and the dependent variable is coping skills [Option ID = 26551]
4. Neither variable is dependent as the researcher cannot manipulate them [Option ID = 26552]

18) “Individuals who are substance users commit more crimes as compared to those individuals who are not substance
users ". If this is the alternate hypothesis, which of the below statements would be the correct null hypothesis?[Question ID
= 6639]
1. Individuals who are not substance users will differ in committing crimes from those individuals who are substance users [Option ID = 26553]
2. Greater substance use leads to increase in crime rate [Option ID = 26554]
3. Substance use does not lead to increase in crime rate [Option ID = 26555]
4. Individuals who consume more substances will significantly differ in committing crimes from those who consume less substances [Option ID =
26556]

19) An Ethical Dilemma is defined as‐[Question ID = 6640]
1. An agreement of the different principles of immoral conduct [Option ID = 26557]
2. An agreement of the different principles of moral conduct [Option ID = 26558]
3. A conflict between the different principles of immoral conduct [Option ID = 26559]
4. A conflict between different principles of moral conduct [Option ID = 26560]

20) Attitude scale is a –[Question ID = 6641]
1. Research method [Option ID = 26561]
2. Measurement technique [Option ID = 26562]
3. Tool for data collection [Option ID = 26563]
4. Data analysis technique [Option ID = 26564]

21) Which of the following is not a tool of data collection?[Question ID = 6642]
1. Rating Scale [Option ID = 26565]
2. Inventories [Option ID = 26566]
3. Opinionnaire [Option ID = 26567]
4. ​Focus Group Discussion [Option ID = 26568]

22) Which of the following variables cannot be expressed in quantitative terms?[Question ID = 6643]
1. Marital status [Option ID = 26569]
2. Socio‐economic status [Option ID = 26570]
3. Professional Attitude [Option ID = 26571]
4. Numerical Aptitude [Option ID = 26572]

23) A teacher conducts interview with his students with a view to explore the possibility to enhance their participation in
classroom activities. This is‐[Question ID = 6644]
1. Fundamental Research [Option ID = 26573]
2. Exploratory Research [Option ID = 26574]
3. Action Research [Option ID = 26575]
4. Explanatory Research [Option ID = 26576]

24) India’s rural poverty rate has significantly gone up in last one decade. The researcher wants to find out why the rural
poverty is on increase in India. This study is‐[Question ID = 6645]
1. Action Research [Option ID = 26577]
2. Descriptive Research [Option ID = 26578]
3. Explanatory Research [Option ID = 26579]
4. Applied Research [Option ID = 26580]

25) Who is the author of ‘Methods of Social Research’?[Question ID = 6646]
1. Kenneth Bailey [Option ID = 26581]
2. P. Ishwara Bhatt [Option ID = 26582]
3. Ram Ahuja [Option ID = 26583]
4. C. R. Kothari [Option ID = 26584]

26) Match List I with List II

List I List II
A. Article 246‐ A I. Obligation of States and the Union
B. Article 25 II. Goods and Services Tax
C. Article 239‐AA III. Legislation for giving effect to international agreements
D. Article 253 IV. Special provisions with respect to NCT of Delhi
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 6647]
1. A ‐ IV, B ‐ II, C ‐ I, D ‐ III [Option ID = 26585]
2. A ‐ III, B ‐ IV, C ‐ II, D ‐ I [Option ID = 26586]
3. A ‐ II, B ‐ I, C ‐ III, D ‐IV [Option ID = 26587]

4. A ‐ II, B ‐ I, C ‐ IV, D ‐ III [Option ID = 26588]

27) ‘The Foot note no. 4’ in the U.S. Supreme Court case in United States v. Carolene Products Company, 304 U.S. 144
(1938), contributed to the development of the following aspect of constitutional law:[Question ID = 6648]
1. Strict scrutiny [Option ID = 26589]
2. Doctrine of police powers [Option ID = 26590]
3. Living tree doctrine [Option ID = 26591]
4. None of the above [Option ID = 26592]

28) The contravention of law always affects law and order but before it can be said to affect _______ it must affect the
community or public at large.[Question ID = 6649]
1. Nuisance [Option ID = 26593]
2. Decency [Option ID = 26594]
3. Public Order [Option ID = 26595]
4. Security of the State [Option ID = 26596]

29) Arrange the following judicial decisions in the chronological order :

A. E. P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu

B. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala

C. A D M Jabalpur v. ShivaKant Shukla

D. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

[Question ID = 6650]
1. C, B, A, D

[Option ID = 26597]
2. C, D, B, A

[Option ID = 26598]
3. D, A, B, C

[Option ID = 26599]
4. B, A, C, D​​

[Option ID = 26600]

30) Standpoint epistemology is used by the following to analyse the law :[Question ID = 6651]
1. Positivists [Option ID = 26601]
2. Rationalists [Option ID = 26602]
3. Feminists [Option ID = 26603]
4. Stoics [Option ID = 26604]

31) The hierarchy of norms developed by Hans Kelsen in his Pure Theory of Laws is derived from:[Question ID = 6652]
1. Syllogistic reasoning [Option ID = 26605]
2. Analogical reasoning [Option ID = 26606]
3. Epistemology [Option ID = 26607]
4. Experience [Option ID = 26608]

32) According to Hohfeldian analysis of legal rights, the jural correlative of Immunity is:[Question ID = 6653]
1. Disability [Option ID = 26609]
2. Liability [Option ID = 26610]
3. No‐Right [Option ID = 26611]
4. Duty [Option ID = 26612]

33) The psychological element on the part of a State while acting with a feeling that it is fulfilling a legal obligation is called
:[Question ID = 6654]
1. Opinio juris sive necessitatis [Option ID = 26613]
2. Mens rea [Option ID = 26614]
3. Jus cogens [Option ID = 26615]
4. Protocol [Option ID = 26616]

34) Case concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear case (Cambodia v. Thailand), Merits, (ICJ reports 1962. P.6) relates to:
[Question ID = 6655]
1. State responsibility [Option ID = 26617]
2. Principle of acquiescence and estoppel [Option ID = 26618]
3. Local custom [Option ID = 26619]
4. Principle of prescription [Option ID = 26620]

35) A treaty is intended by the parties to be binding only as long as there is no vital change in the circumstances which
prevailed at the time of the conclusion of the treaty. This doctrine is referred to as:[Question ID = 6656]
1. erga omnes [Option ID = 26621]
2. rebus sic stantibus [Option ID = 26622]

3. jus dispositivum [Option ID = 26623]
4. jus voluntarium [Option ID = 26624]

36) In which of the following Conference, was the below‐stated Principle adopted? “Principle 15 ⸻ In order to protect
the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there
are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing
cost‐effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.”[Question ID = 6657]
1. United Nations Conference on Human Environment, 1972 [Option ID = 26625]
2. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 1992 [Option ID = 26626]
3. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992 [Option ID = 26627]
4. United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2002 [Option ID = 26628]

37) Which of the following Items were inserted in List‐III of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India by the
Constitution (Forty‐second Amendment) Act, 1976 A. Electricity and Forest B. Forests C. Protection of wild animals and
birds D. Prevention of cruelty to animals Choose the correct answer from the options given below:[Question ID = 6658]
1. A and C only [Option ID = 26629]
2. A, C and D only [Option ID = 26630]
3. B and C only [Option ID = 26631]
4. B and A only [Option ID = 26632]

38) In which of the following cases, did the Supreme Court direct the Kanpur authorities to immediately end the practice
of throwing corpses and semi‐burnt corpses into the river Ganga:[Question ID = 6659]
1. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1988 SC 1115 [Option ID = 26633]
2. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1997 SC 734 [Option ID = 26634]
3. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 2002 SC 1696 [Option ID = 26635]
4. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 965 [Option ID = 26636]

39) The threshold number of registered users for a social media intermediary to be considered as a significant social media
intermediary is ________, as per Central government notification under exercise of power conferred by clause (v) of sub‐
rule (1) of rule 2 of the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.
[Question ID = 6660]
1. 30 lakh [Option ID = 26637]
2. 20 lakh [Option ID = 26638]
3. 50 lakh [Option ID = 26639]
4. 1 crore [Option ID = 26640]

40) In the Delhi High Court case of Phonepe Private Limited v. Ezy Services decided on 15 April 2021, the court held that:

A. In ‘PhonePe’ and ‘BharatPe’ the use of the suffix ‘Pe’ in ‘BharatPe’ (defendant) mark amounts to infringement of the
registered mark ‘PhonePe’ because it consituted the dominant part of the Plaintiffs mark.

B. In ‘PhonePe’ and ‘BharatPe’ the use of the suffix ‘Pe’ in ‘BharatPe’ mark does not amount to infringement because the
plaintiff did not have exclusivity over the suffix ‘Pe’, in the first place.

C. In ‘PhonePe’ and ‘BharatPe’ the use of the suffix ‘Pe’ in ‘BharatPe’ mark amounts to infringement of the registered
mark ‘PhonePe’ because latter is a well known trademark.

D. In ‘PhonePe’ and ‘BharatPe’ the use of the suffix ‘Pe’ in ‘BharatPe’ mark does not amount to infringement because ‘Pe’
suffix of Plaintiff had not acquired distinctiveness and a secondary meaning.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

[Question ID = 6661]
1. Only A and C are correct

[Option ID = 26641]
2. Only B and D are correct

[Option ID = 26642]
3. Only A is correct

[Option ID = 26643]
4. Only C is correct

[Option ID = 26644]

41) Which of the following is/are not a registered Geographical Indication in India as on May 30, 2021?[Question ID = 6662]
1. Kathputlis of Rajasthan [Option ID = 26645]
2. Mathura Pede [Option ID = 26646]
3. Rampuri Knife [Option ID = 26647]
4. Tequila [Option ID = 26648]

42) In which of the following judgments did the Supreme Court ask the States to take appropriate steps for inclusion of acid
attack victims in the disability lists:[Question ID = 6663]
1. Laxmi v. Union of India [Option ID = 26649]
2. Parivartan Kendra v. Union of India [Option ID = 26650]
3. Ravada Sasikala v. State of Andhra Pradesh [Option ID = 26651]

4. Ranjana Devi v. Union of India [Option ID = 26652]

43) Match List I with List II

List I List II
Case Topic
A. Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India (2018)
I. The constitutionality of section 124‐A is under consideration
10 SCC 1
B. Mukesh & Anr v State For NCT of Delhi &
Ors. II. Decriminalized adultery in India.
(2017) 6 SCC 1
C. Joseph Shine v Union of India III. Section 377 of the IPC is unconstitutional so far as it penalizes
AIR 2018 SC 4898 consensual sexual acts in private including homosexual act.
D. Kishorechandra Wangkhemcha & Anr v Union IV.The judgment that resulted in reforms in sexual violence against women
of India WP (Crl) No. 106/2021 in India.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

[Question ID = 6664]
1. A ‐ I, B ‐ IV, C ‐ III, D ‐ II [Option ID = 26653]
2. A ‐ II, B ‐ I, C ‐ III, D ‐ IV [Option ID = 26654]
3. A ‐ III, B ‐ IV, C ‐ II, D ‐ I [Option ID = 26655]
4. A ‐ IV, B ‐ III, C ‐ II, D ‐ I [Option ID = 26656]

44) A affixes a placard in a public place instigating a sect consisting of more than ten members to meet at a certain time
and place, for the purpose of attacking the members of an adverse sect, when they take out a religious procession. A is
punishable under:[Question ID = 6665]
1. Section 142 IPC [Option ID = 26657]
2. Section 120B IPC [Option ID = 26658]
3. Section 149 IPC [Option ID = 26659]
4. Section 117 IPC [Option ID = 26660]

45) Which one of the following is not a kind of control mechanism over delegated legislation?[Question ID = 6666]
1. Doctrine of Substantive ultra vires [Option ID = 26661]
2. Procedure of Laying [Option ID = 26662]
3. Administrative discretion [Option ID = 26663]
4. Publication of Delegated Legislation [Option ID = 26664]

46) By which of the following was the institution of Lokpal first recommended in India?[Question ID = 6667]
1. 14th Report of Law Commission [Option ID = 26665]
2. Administrative Reforms Commission [Option ID = 26666]
3. Sarkaria Commission [Option ID = 26667]
4. Santhanam Committee [Option ID = 26668]

47) In which of the following cases did the Apex Court hold that the six months period mentioned in Section 13B of the
Hindu Marriage Act,1955 is not mandatory but directory:[Question ID = 6668]
1. Sureshta Devi v. Om Prakash, 1 (1991) DMC 313 (SC) [Option ID = 26669]
2. ​Amardeep Singh v. Harveen Kaur AIR 2017 SC 4417 [Option ID = 26670]
3. Naveen Kohli v. Neelu Kohli, AIR 2006 SC1675 [Option ID = 26671]
4. Gurbux Singh v. Harminder Kaur AIR 2011SC114 [Option ID = 26672]

48) Which of the following is not a ground for divorce under Section 27 of Special Marriage Act, 1954?[Question ID = 6669]
1. Adultery [Option ID = 26673]
2. Cruelty [Option ID = 26674]
3. Desertion [Option ID = 26675]
4. Conversion [Option ID = 26676]

49) Consider the following decisions of the Supreme Court of India relating to “Prevention of Oppression and
Mismanagement” under the Company Law:

A. Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. v. Cyrus Investments (P) Ltd.

B. Needle Industries (India) Ltd. v. Needle Industries Newey (India) Holding Ltd.

C. M.S.D.C. Radharamanan v. M.S.D. Chandrasekara Raja

D. Hanuman Prasad Bagri v. Bagress Cereals (P) Ltd.

The correct arrangement of the above decisions in chronological order is:

[Question ID = 6670]
1. B, D, C, A

[Option ID = 26677]
2. C, D, B, A​​

[Option ID = 26678]

3. D, B, A, C

[Option ID = 26679]
4. B, C, D, A​​

[Option ID = 26680]

50) According to The Companies Act, 2013 which of the following “means a memorandum containing such salient features
of a prospectus as may be specified by the Securities and Exchange Board by making regulations in this behalf”:[Question ID
= 6671]
1. Shelf prospectus [Option ID = 26681]
2. Abridged prospectus [Option ID = 26682]
3. Red herring prospectus [Option ID = 26683]
4. Deemed prospectus [Option ID = 26684]