DUET 2021 Question Paper Ph.D in Psychology

DU PhD in Psychology
Topic:‐ PSY PHD

1) American Psychological Association was founded in ____ by ____.[Question ID = 9258]
1. 1892, G. Stanley Hall [Option ID = 37029]
2. 1988, Frank Angell [Option ID = 37030]
3. 1890, Floyd H. Allport [Option ID = 37031]
4. 1891, Peter Abelard [Option ID = 37032]

2) In Piaget’s theory, the changing of existing schemata to make them conform to reality is called ___.[Question ID = 9259]
1. Accommodation [Option ID = 37033]
2. Action potential [Option ID = 37034]
3. Adaptive acts [Option ID = 37035]
4. Ablation [Option ID = 37036]

3) Arbitrary zero is the characteristic of which scale?[Question ID = 9260]
1. Ratio Scale [Option ID = 37037]
2. Ordinal Scale [Option ID = 37038]
3. Interval Scale [Option ID = 37039]
4. Nominal Scale [Option ID = 37040]

4) Which set of three approaches is more relevant to study the impact of genetic factors on intelligence?

A. Correlation between siblings

B. Correlation between identical twins reared apart

C. Adopted child studies

D. Correlation between parents and children

[Question ID = 9261]
1. A,B & C

[Option ID = 37041]
2. B, C & D

[Option ID = 37042]
3. A, B & D

[Option ID = 37043]
4. A, C & D

[Option ID = 37044]

5) Which of the following types of reasoning is considered as illogical in cognitive behavior therapy?[Question ID = 9262]
1. Hypothetico‐deductive reasoning [Option ID = 37045]
2. Selective abstraction [Option ID = 37046]
3. Inductive reasoning [Option ID = 37047]
4. Socratic questioning [Option ID = 37048]

6) Which one is not correctly matched?[Question ID = 9263]
1. Osgood: Semantic differential [Option ID = 37049]
2. Likert: Rating scale [Option ID = 37050]
3. Bogardus: Social distance [Option ID = 37051]
4. Guttman: Equal‐appearing intervals [Option ID = 37052]

7) The British psychologist Fredrick Bartlett conducted a classic study of the constructive nature of memory, known as the
_____.[Question ID = 9264]
1. War of the Ghosts experiment [Option ID = 37053]
2. Stanford‐Prison experiment [Option ID = 37054]
3. Illumination experiment [Option ID = 37055]
4. Bobo Doll experiment [Option ID = 37056]

8) The program of management deals with the efficient organization of production in the context of a competitive
enterprise that is concerned with controlling its production cost is referred as[Question ID = 9265]
1. Scientific management [Option ID = 37057]
2. Bureaucratic principles [Option ID = 37058]
3. Modern management theory [Option ID = 37059]
4. Administrative procedures [Option ID = 37060]

9) How many interactions can be studied in a 2 X 3 X 5 factorial design?[Question ID = 9266]

1. 10 [Option ID = 37061]
2. 15 [Option ID = 37062]
3. 25 [Option ID = 37063]
4. 30 [Option ID = 37064]

10) The validity of qualitative research is generally addressed by[Question ID = 9267]
1. Test retest [Option ID = 37065]
2. Ensuring consistency across sample [Option ID = 37066]
3. Triangulation [Option ID = 37067]
4. Ecological reliability [Option ID = 37068]

11) Yamini just completed 10‐page assignment. When she wanted to save it, the computer crashed and she lost her work.
What type of stress Yamini will experience?[Question ID = 9268]
1. Frustration [Option ID = 37069]
2. Conflict [Option ID = 37070]
3. Tension [Option ID = 37071]
4. Regression [Option ID = 37072]

12) ‘Males and females differ in sociability’ is an example of[Question ID = 9269]
1. Null hypothesis [Option ID = 37073]
2. Non‐directional hypothesis [Option ID = 37074]
3. Directional hypothesis [Option ID = 37075]
4. Unverifiable hypothesis [Option ID = 37076]

13) The non‐traditional organizational structures which is characterized by many rules, standardized processes, procedures
and requirements, division of labor and responsibility, clear hierarchy and almost impersonal interaction is the definition
of[Question ID = 9270]
1. Management by objective [Option ID = 37077]
2. Adhocracy [Option ID = 37078]
3. Authoritarianism [Option ID = 37079]
4. Bureaucracy [Option ID = 37080]

14) The “Bracketing” is used within the research paradigm of[Question ID = 9271]
1. Phenomenological Research [Option ID = 37081]
2. Narrative Analysis [Option ID = 37082]
3. Grounded Theory [Option ID = 37083]
4. Psycho‐historical research [Option ID = 37084]

15) Shyam has constant worry about his health. He has met numerous doctors for ruling out serious diseases, only to be
reassured of his well‐being. Each small ailment (e.g. sneezing, fever, headache or stomach pains, exacerbate his worries).
He considers them to be indications of a major illness. Which disorder he is suffering from?[Question ID = 9272]
1. Somatization disorder [Option ID = 37085]
2. Pain disorder [Option ID = 37086]
3. Dysmorphic disorder [Option ID = 37087]
4. Hypochondriasis [Option ID = 37088]

16) In Chi‐Square,[Question ID = 9273]
1. Each subject contributes data to more than one cell [Option ID = 37089]
2. Only ratio data is used [Option ID = 37090]
3. The distribution is a sum of number of standard normal deviates [Option ID = 37091]
4. The degree of freedom is always different from the mean of the distribution [Option ID = 37092]

17) There are many levels and stages of moral reasoning given by Kohlberg. Select the correct combination of levels and
stages:[Question ID = 9274]
1. Two levels and four stages [Option ID = 37093]
2. Three levels and six stages [Option ID = 37094]
3. Four levels and eight stages [Option ID = 37095]
4. Three levels and nine stages [Option ID = 37096]

18) The attributes of “reflexivity and “reflectivity” are most critically required in the paradigm of[Question ID = 9275]
1. Qualitative Research [Option ID = 37097]
2. Quantitative Research [Option ID = 37098]
3. Field Experiments [Option ID = 37099]
4. Experimental Paradigm [Option ID = 37100]

19) In Vygotsky’s theory the range of tasks that are slightly difficult for a child to do alone but can be accomplished
successfully with guidance from an adult or more experienced child is known as[Question ID = 9276]
1. Scaffolding [Option ID = 37101]
2. Zone of proximal development [Option ID = 37102]
3. Apprenticeship learning [Option ID = 37103]
4. Collaboration [Option ID = 37104]

20) Which of the following statements is false?[Question ID = 9277]

1. Reliability and validity are essentially about test efficiency [Option ID = 37105]
2. A reliable test is theoretically valid, but maybe practically invalid [Option ID = 37106]
3. A highly valid test cannot be unreliable [Option ID = 37107]
4. A highly reliable test is always a valid measure of some function [Option ID = 37108]

21) “Every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible”. The above
mentioned statement is which law of perceptual organization?[Question ID = 9278]
1. Law of pragnanz [Option ID = 37109]
2. Law of similarity [Option ID = 37110]
3. Law of familiarity [Option ID = 37111]
4. Law of good continuation [Option ID = 37112]

22) Type I errors result when the null hypothesis is[Question ID = 9279]
1. True and Rejected [Option ID = 37113]
2. False and Accepted [Option ID = 37114]
3. True and Accepted [Option ID = 37115]
4. False and Rejected [Option ID = 37116]

23) Children are taught names of objects, animals, people, etc., by binding the relation between names and form.
According to B. F. Skinner _______ functions as a verbal operant.[Question ID = 9280]
1. Sign [Option ID = 37117]
2. Symbol [Option ID = 37118]
3. Tact [Option ID = 37119]
4. Mand [Option ID = 37120]

24) Which of the following is a type of descriptive research?[Question ID = 9281]
1. Experiments research [Option ID = 37121]
2. Naturalistic observation [Option ID = 37122]
3. Correlational study [Option ID = 37123]
4. None of these [Option ID = 37124]

25) Which one of this is not a coding technique in qualitative research?[Question ID = 9282]
1. Mechanism codes [Option ID = 37125]
2. Descriptive codes [Option ID = 37126]
3. Axial coding [Option ID = 37127]
4. Theoretical codes [Option ID = 37128]

26) The approach to analyze variation among cultures was done by Geertz Hofstede. He gave following
dimensions[Question ID = 9283]
1. Power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long‐term orientation [Option ID = 37129]
2. Achievement orientation, power distance, affiliation, certainty perspective and collectivism [Option ID = 37130]
3. Individualism, collectivism, short term orientation, uncertainty avoidance and power distance [Option ID = 37131]
4. Power distance, collectivism, affiliation motive and uncertainty avoidance and masculinity [Option ID = 37132]

27) A component added to Baddeley’s original working memory model that serves as a “backup” store that communicates
with both LTM and the components of working memory.[Question ID = 9284]
1. Perceptual loop [Option ID = 37133]
2. Episodic buffer [Option ID = 37134]
3. Mental imagery [Option ID = 37135]
4. Procedural memory [Option ID = 37136]

28) In a single group pre‐test and post‐test design, which one of the following statistical method can be best employed to
evaluate the mean differences of pre and post tests?[Question ID = 9285]
1. Mann‐Whitney U test [Option ID = 37137]
2. Randomized ANOVA [Option ID = 37138]
3. Chi‐Square [Option ID = 37139]
4. Repeated measures ANOVA [Option ID = 37140]

29) According to Karl Popper’s theory of ________, science should attempt to disprove a theory and we must be able to
see how it could be falsified, rather than continuously support theoretical hypothesis.[Question ID = 9286]
1. Non‐verification [Option ID = 37141]
2. Falsification [Option ID = 37142]
3. Non‐significance [Option ID = 37143]
4. Verification [Option ID = 37144]

30) Mindfulness operates when people:[Question ID = 9287]
1. Engage in parallel processing of information [Option ID = 37145]
2. Are on “cognitive automatic pilot” [Option ID = 37146]
3. Engage in controlled processing of information [Option ID = 37147]
4. Engage in successive processing of information [Option ID = 37148]

31) A researcher comparing three groups obtained a significant F value. Further she/he wants to understand that out of
the three group means, whether any two means differ from the third group and if the difference is more due to two group

means. Identify the test that CANNOT be used for this purpose.[Question ID = 9288]
1. Goodness of fit test [Option ID = 37149]
2. Tukey’s HSD test [Option ID = 37150]
3. Neuman‐Keuls [Option ID = 37151]
4. Duncan’s multiple range test [Option ID = 37152]

32) Which of the following refers to an illusion of movement, in which an object is shown in a rapidly changing series of
positions?[Question ID = 9289]
1. Muller‐lyer illusion [Option ID = 37153]
2. Size distance invariance [Option ID = 37154]
3. Stroboscopic movement [Option ID = 37155]
4. Perceptual expectancy [Option ID = 37156]

33) In exposure therapy, counter‐conditioning is a technique that involves ____.[Question ID = 9290]
1. Learning that one negative event may be linked to another [Option ID = 37157]
2. Exposing the client to the feared stimulus [Option ID = 37158]
3. Learning that an event or situation is no longer threatening [Option ID = 37159]
4. Helping the client to see that their behavior is counterproductive [Option ID = 37160]

34) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of standard scores?[Question ID = 9291]
1. Have fixed Mean and Standard deviation [Option ID = 37161]
2. Change in the shape of the original distribution of raw scores [Option ID = 37162]
3. Used for comparing scores from two different distributions [Option ID = 37163]
4. Preserve the proportionality of interscore distances [Option ID = 37164]

35) Paivio (1965) found that memory for a pair of concrete nouns is much better than memory for pairs of abstract nouns.
To explain this result, Paivio proposed the_________.[Question ID = 9292]
1. Conceptual peg hypothesis [Option ID = 37165]
2. Spatial representation hypothesis [Option ID = 37166]
3. Shallow processing hypothesis [Option ID = 37167]
4. Propositional hypothesis [Option ID = 37168]

36) For Laboratory researches in the field of psychology, it is difficult to address how the results could be generalized to
real life situations. This is an issue of[Question ID = 9293]
1. Ecological validity [Option ID = 37169]
2. Population validity [Option ID = 37170]
3. Construct validity [Option ID = 37171]
4. Face validity [Option ID = 37172]

37) In his theory of language development, Chomsky did NOT argue about which of the following?[Question ID = 9294]
1. There is a universal grammar [Option ID = 37173]
2. It is genetically wired [Option ID = 37174]
3. There is an innate modular language [Option ID = 37175]
4. It is based on reinforced learning [Option ID = 37176]

38) A research study wherein a group consists of individuals of nearly the same ability is called[Question ID = 9295]
1. Homogeneous group [Option ID = 37177]
2. Heterogeneous group [Option ID = 37178]
3. Hetronormative group [Option ID = 37179]
4. Matched group [Option ID = 37180]

39) What is meant by the term ‘centralization’ in Organizational Behavior?[Question ID = 9296]
1. Organizational structure [Option ID = 37181]
2. Organizational policy [Option ID = 37182]
3. Where lies the locus of decision‐making authority [Option ID = 37183]
4. Where lies the locus of communication [Option ID = 37184]

40) When we are making judgment on the basis of our perception of the group to which he/she belongs, we are using a
short cut called[Question ID = 9297]
1. Prejudice [Option ID = 37185]
2. Assumption [Option ID = 37186]
3. Halo effect [Option ID = 37187]
4. Stereotyping [Option ID = 37188]

41) ____ refers to the variable that can be manipulated by the experimenter[Question ID = 9298]
1. Extraneous variable [Option ID = 37189]
2. Dependent variable [Option ID = 37190]
3. Independent variable [Option ID = 37191]
4. Confounding variable [Option ID = 37192]

42) Theoretical sampling is a well‐known practice to seek additional data based on concepts developed from initial data
analyses, in[Question ID = 9299]
1. Grounded theory method [Option ID = 37193]

2. Ethnographic techniques [Option ID = 37194]
3. Narratology paradigm [Option ID = 37195]
4. Phenomenological approach [Option ID = 37196]

43) Which of the following is a probability sampling method?[Question ID = 9300]
1. Convenience sampling [Option ID = 37197]
2. Snowball sampling [Option ID = 37198]
3. Area sampling [Option ID = 37199]
4. Quota sampling [Option ID = 37200]

44) ___ main contributions include work on test construction and validation as well as on psychological testing in general.
[Question ID = 9301]
1. Anne Anastasi [Option ID = 37201]
2. Anna Freud [Option ID = 37202]
3. James R. Angell [Option ID = 37203]
4. Gordon Allport [Option ID = 37204]

45) After the recent heavy catastrophic cyclone in a given state, a psychologist interviewed 120 participants to understand
the psychological consequences of the event. This is an example of

[Question ID = 9302]
1. Ex post facto field research

[Option ID = 37205]
2. Field experiment

[Option ID = 37206]
3. Controlled experiment

[Option ID = 37207]
4. Psychometric research

[Option ID = 37208]

46) The Small story method in narrative analysis by Michael Bamberg entails ___.[Question ID = 9303]
1. Discussing how a woman in a village has endured the famines and her journey till here [Option ID = 37209]
2. Discussing how a hawker spends their entire day [Option ID = 37210]
3. How a retired army general looks back at his life and gives a life‐story [Option ID = 37211]
4. How a match creates collective emotions among fans [Option ID = 37212]

47) To examine the goodness of fit of the sample, which of the following tests is NOT used?[Question ID = 9304]
1. Chi‐square test [Option ID = 37213]
2. Binomial test [Option ID = 37214]
3. Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test [Option ID = 37215]
4. Wilcoxin Matched‐Pairs test [Option ID = 37216]

48) Median for the following scores : 1,7,4,2,3,6,2,9,7.[Question ID = 9305]
1. 4 [Option ID = 37217]
2. 2 [Option ID = 37218]
3. 6 [Option ID = 37219]
4. 7 [Option ID = 37220]

49) Which of the following is NOT used for multiple comparisons of means?[Question ID = 9306]
1. Duncan test [Option ID = 37221]
2. Kruskal‐Wallis H‐test [Option ID = 37222]
3. Scheffe’s method [Option ID = 37223]
4. Tukey test [Option ID = 37224]

50) The name of Franz Brentano’s school of psychology is called ___.[Question ID = 9307]
1. Act psychology [Option ID = 37225]
2. Analytical psychology [Option ID = 37226]
3. Entelechy psychology [Option ID = 37227]
4. Self‐psychology [Option ID = 37228]