MBOSE Class 12 Question Paper 2025 for Anthropology

Meghalaya Board of School Education

QUESTION
PAPERS

Total No. of Printed Pages—8
HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25

2025

ANTHROPOLOGY

Full Marks : 70

Time : 3 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

General Instructions :

(i) Write all the answers in the Answer Script.

(ii) Attempt Part—A (Objective Questions) serially.

(iii) Attempt all parts of a question together at one place.

( PART : A—OBJECTIVE )
( Marks : 35 )

1. Choose and write the correct answer from the options
given below (any eleven) : 1×11=11

(a) Anthropology is the study of

(i) human of the prehistoric period only

(ii) human of the present time only

(iii) human in all aspects

/225 [ P.T.O.

( 2 )

(b) The process which gives definite shape to different
parts of the body is called

(i) Morphogenesis

(ii) Orthogenesis

(iii) Growth spurt

(c) Man can regulate his internal body temperature
around

(i) 36 °C

(ii) 37 °C

(iii) 38 °C

(d) The major biological and cultural evolution of man
took place during the _____ epoch.

(i) Pliocene

(ii) Holocene

(iii) Pleistocene

(e) The earliest type of tool made by man was

(i) chopping tool

(ii) flake tool

(iii) polished tool

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ Contd.

( 3 )

(f) The first discovery of primitive art was from a large
cave named
(i) Altamira
(ii) Bhimbetka
(iii) Lascaux

(g) The first Backward Class Commission was appointed
on the
(i) 26th November, 1949
(ii) 29th January, 1953
(iii) 31st March, 1955

(h) Growth of an individual is affected by _____ factors.
(i) intrinsic
(ii) extrinsic
(iii) both (i) and (ii)

(i) The use of bone tool is evident from the
(i) Lower Palaeolithic
(ii) Middle Palaeolithic
(iii) Upper Palaeolithic

(j) Exposure to sunlight helps to produce
(i) vitamin A
(ii) vitamin D
(iii) vitamin C

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ P.T.O.

( 4 )

(k) _____ are topographic platforms, benches or steps
in the river valley.
(i) River terraces
(ii) Moraines
(iii) Loesses

(l) In the primitive law, sanctions which are based on
approved mode of behaviour are known as
(i) positive sanction
(ii) negative sanction
(iii) taboo

(m) Levalloisian refers to the
(i) hand axe tradition
(ii) flake tool tradition
(iii) blade tool tradition

(n) _____ is a sudden change in a particular gene
producing a new form of an old one.
(i) Hybridization
(ii) Natural selection
(iii) Mutation

(o) A promise in the name of God for not to tell a lie is
called as
(i) Oath
(ii) Ordeal
(iii) both (i) and (ii)

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ Contd.

( 5 )

2. State whether the following statements are True or False
(any ten) : 1×10=10

(a) The first fossil remains of Homo erectus was
discovered in the year 1891.

(b) Narrow nose is advantageous to the people living in
hot climatic region.

(c) When the face does not show any protrusion, it is
termed as prognathism.

(d) The uplifting of the earth due to melting of the ice
mass is known as isostatic reaction.

(e) Mousterian culture was found in the Middle
Palaeolithic period.

(f) A Tribe is a heterogeneous ethnic group.

(g) Customary laws are also known as unwritten laws
of society.

(h) The Scytho-Dravidian was classified by B. S. Guha.

(i) Skin colour is one of the important characters used
for racial classification.

(j) The untouchables who constitute the lowest
segment of Hindu social hierarchy have been
grouped as the Scheduled Tribes.

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ P.T.O.

( 6 )

(k) M. C. Burkitt classified the Palaeolithic art tradition
in Europe.

(l) Body size and proportion of man are influenced by
climate and temperature.

(m) Modernization has not brought any change to the
Indian society.

(n) Sex is biological, while gender is culturally
determined.

(o) Polished tools were used in Mesolithic period.

3. Answer in brief any seven of the following : 2×7=14

(a) Define adaptation.

(b) Mention the stages of Hominid evolution in sequence.

(c) What are hand axes?

(d) How does black skin help in human adaptation?

(e) What is culture contact?

(f) List in order the glacial period of Europe.

(g) Name any two tools of Neolithic period.

(h) What is ‘Home art’?

(i) What is the function of hormones in human growth?

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ Contd.

( 7 )

(j) Write the full form of OBC.

(k) What are gender roles?

(l) Mention the four major characteristics of Indian
caste system.

(m) Define the term ‘caste’.

(n) Name the four environmental situations of human
adaptation.

(o) What is hybridization?

( PART : B—DESCRIPTIVE )
( Marks : 35 )
Answer Question No. 4 and any two from the rest

4. Write short notes on any three of the following : 5×3=15

(a) Human adaptation in the mountain

(b) Sanskritization

(c) Homo erectus

(d) Microliths

(e) Traditional political structure

(f) Major tribal problems

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 [ P.T.O.

( 8 )

5. Define the term ‘race’. Write the characteristic features
of any two major races of the world. 2+4+4=10

6. Describe the status of women in North-East India with
reference to matrilineal society of Meghalaya. 10

7. Define growth. Enumerate the postnatal stages of human
growth. 2+8=10

8. What is prehistory? Describe the methods of tool-making
in Lower Palaeolithic period. 2+8=10

9. What is evolution? Explain any two biocultural
mechanisms behind human evolution. 2+4+4=10

10. Write an essay on justice and punishment in tribal
societies. 10

11. Mention any four factors behind the formation of race.
Describe them in brief. 2+8=10

12. Describe the main features of Neolithic cultures. 10

HHH

HS/XII/A. Sc/An/25/225 K25—310

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