NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 9th

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Book - Contemporary India-I Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

Class : 9th
Subject : Geography
Chapter : 5
Chapter Name : Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Q1 Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below
(i) To which one of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to ?
(a) Tundra
(b) Tidal
(c) Himalayan
(d) Tropical Evergreen

(ii) Cinchona trees are found in the areas of rainfall more than
(a) 100 cm
(b) 50 cm
(c) 70 cm
(d) less than 50 cm

(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located?
(a) Punjab
(b) Delhi
(c) Odisha
(d) West Bengal

(iv) Which one of the following bio-reserves of India is not included in the world network
of bioreserve?
(a) Manas
(b) Nilgiri
(c) Gulf of Mannar
(d) Nanda Devi

Answer. (i) (d) Tropical Evergreen
(ii) (a) 100 cm
(iii) (c) Odisha
(iv) (a) Manas

Page : 51 , Block Name : Exercise

Q2 Answer the following questions brie�y.

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Book - Contemporary India-I Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

(i) De�ne an ecosystem.
(ii) What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?
(iii) What is a bio-reserve? Give two examples.
(iv) Name two animals having habitat in tropical and montane type of vegetation

Answer. (i) All the plants and animals in an area are interdependent and interrelated to
each other in their physical environment, thus forming an ecosystem. Human beings are
also an integral part of the ecosystem. They utilise the vegetation and wild life.
(ii) The factors responsible for the distribution of plants (�ora) and animals (fauna) in
India are
(a) Relief factors

Land
Oil

(b) Climate

Temperature
Precipitation
Photoperiod (sunlight)

(iii) A bioreserve is an area in which the �ora and fauna of the given country is protected
and there are certain researches which are done on them. It is an area containing a
wildlife preserve bordered by a buffer zone in which more frequent use is permitted to
the public, established as a way of integrating habitat conservation with the interests of
the local community.
Examples are Rajaji in Uttarakhand and Simlipal in Orissa.
(iv) Animals found in Tropical forests are lion. tiger. pig, deer and elephant.
Animals found in Montane forests are Kashmir stag, spotted deer, wild sheep, jack rabbit,
Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard, squirrels. shaggy horn wild ibex. bear and rare red
panda, sheep and goats with thick hair.

Q3 Distinguish between
(i) Flora and Fauna
(ii) Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous forests

Answer. (i) Difference between Flora and Fauna

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Book - Contemporary India-I Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

(ii) Difference between Tropical Evergreen and Deciduous Forests

Q4 Name different types of Vegetation found in India and describe the vegetation of high
altitudes.

Answer. The following major types of vegetation are found in India

Tropical Evergreen Forests
Tropical Deciduous Forests
Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrub
Montane Forests

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Book - Contemporary India-I Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

Mangrove Forests

Vegetation of High Altitude (Montane Forests)

In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads
to a corresponding change in natural vegetation.
The wet temperate type of forests are found between a height of 1000 and 2000
metres, where evergreen broad leaf trees such as oaks and chestnuts predominate.
Temperate forests containing coniferous trees like pine, deodar, silver �r, spruce
and cedar are found between 1500 and 3000 metres.
These forests cover mostly the southern slopes of the Himalayas, places having
high altitudes in southern and north east India.
Temperate grasslands are common at higher elevations.
At high altitudes, generally more than 3,600 metres above sea level, alpine
vegetation is found. Silver �r, jumpers, pines and birches are the common trees of
these forests

Q5 Quite a few species of plants and animals are endangered in India. Why?

Answer. (i)Many plants and animals in India are endangered because of the greediness of
human beings for their commercial value. Humans are hunting animals for their skins,
horns and hooves which are In demand and give a lot of pro�t.
(ii)Deforestation on a wide scale destroys the habitat of animals and also leads to decline
of the different species of trees and plants. Ecological balance is disturbed due to
deforestation, which is harmful for both �ora and fauna.

Q6 Why has India a rich heritage of �ora and fauna?

Answer. India has rich heritage of �ora and fauna because of the following factors

It has a very large geographical area which includes the mountains, the Northern
plains, plateaus and also islands.
India has a varied climate from very dry to monsoon type and temperature ranges
from very hot to cold and very COld, which is suitable for different kinds of �ora
and fauna.

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Book - Contemporary India-I Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

India has different types of soil like alluvial soil, red soil and black soil suitable for
different plant types.
India is blessed with perennial rivers which sustain aquatic life apart from
supporting different kinds of �ora and fauna.
The mountains and plains are capable of supporting and sustaining different kinds
of plants and trees and provide an environment and habitat for various Kinds of
animal species.

India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity countries of the world. It has about 47,000
plant species. It stands at the tenth place in the world and fourth in Asia in plant
diversity. It has 89,000 species of animals as well as a rich variety of �sh. It has about
15,000 �owering plants and ferns. India is blessed with different types of soils, climatic
conditions and physical features and thus, it is suitable for supporting different species
of �ora and fauna making it a biodiversity hot spot.

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