NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography (Practical Work in Geography) Chapter 3 Latitude, Longitude and Time

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th

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Book : Practical Work in Geography Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 3 Social Science Geography

Class : 11th

Subject : Geography

Chapter : 3

Chapter Name : Latitude, Longitude and Time

Q1 Answer the following questions in about 30 words :

i) Which are the two natural points of references on the earth?
ii) What is a great circle ?
iii) What are coordinates ?
iv) Why does the sun appear to be moving from east to west?
v) What is meant by local time ?

Answer.
i) The two natural points of references on earth are North Pole and South Pole. These two
natural points are provided by the spinning of the earth on its axis from West to East.

ii) The line that divides the earth into two equal halves is called the equator. This line is
horizontal and runs east-west and is drawn midway between the North Pole and South Pole.

iii) The latitudes and longitudes are referred to as geographical coordinates because they
provide systematic network of lines upon which the position of various surface features of the
earth, can be represented.

iv) The rotation of the earth from West to East over its axis makes the sun appear to be moving
in the opposite direction i.e east to west.

v) The sun transverses 15° of longitude per hour or one degree of longitude in every four
minutes of time (60 minutes ÷ 15° = 4 minutes). So, local time is the time as per the meridian at
which that specific place is located.

Q2 Distinguish between latitudes and longitudes.

Answer.

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Book : Practical Work in Geography Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 3 Social Science Geography

LATITUDES LONGITUDES

1. It is the angular distance of a point 1. It is the angular distance along the
north or south of the equator as equator measured in degrees.
measured in degrees.

2. All latitudes are parallel to the 2. All meridians of longitude converge at
equator. the poles.

3. On a globe, parallels of latitudes 3. They appear as circles running
appear as circles. through the poles.

4. The distance between two latitudes is 4. The distance between two longitudes is
approximately 111 km. maximum at the equator (111.3 km) and
minimum at the poles (0 km). Midway, at 45°
of latitude, it is 79 km.

5. The 0° latitude is referred to as the 5. There are 360° of longitude. 180°
equator and the 90° as the poles. each in the east and west of the Prime
Meridian.

6. The latitudes from the equator to the 6. The longitudes are used to determine
poles are used to demarcate temperature the local time with reference to the
zones, i.e. 0° to 23 ½ ° south as the torrid time at Prime Meridian.
zone, 23 ½ ° to 66 ½ ° as the temperate zone
and 66 ½ ° to 90° as the frigid zone.

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