Tamil Nadu 12th Std Model Question Paper 2026 Geography

Tamil Nadu Board Model Question Paper

No. of Printed Pages : 11
8368
!8368Geography! £vÄ Gs
Register Number

PART - III
¦Â°¯À / GEOGRAPHY
( uªÌ ©ØÖ® B[Q» ÁÈ / Tamil & English Version)

Põ» AÍÄ : 3.00 ©o ÷|µ® ] [ ö©õzu ©v¨ö£sPÒ : 70
Time Allowed : 3.00 Hours ] [ Maximum Marks : 70

AÔÄøµPÒ : (1) AøÚzx ÂÚõUPЮ \›¯õP £vÁõQ EÒÍuõ GߣuøÚ \›£õºzxU
öPõÒÍÄ®. Aa_¨£vÂÀ SøÓ°¸¨¤ß AøÓU PsPõo¨£õÍ›h®
EhÚi¯õPz öu›ÂUPÄ®.
(2) }»® AÀ»x P¸¨¦ ø©°øÚ ©mk÷© GÊxÁuØS®
AiU÷PõikÁuØS® £¯ß£kzu ÷Ásk®. £h[PÒ ÁøµÁuØS
ö£ß]À £¯ß£kzuÄ®.

Instructions : (1) Check the question paper for fairness of printing. If there is any lack of fairness,
inform the Hall Supervisor immediately.
(2) Use Blue or Black ink to write and underline and pencil to draw diagrams.

£Sv & I / PART - I

SÔ¨¦ : (i) AøÚzx ÂÚõUPÐUS® Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®. 15x1=15

(ii) öPõkUP¨£mkÒÍ |õßS ©õØÖ ÂøhPÎÀ ªPÄ® Hئøh¯
Âøhø¯z ÷uº¢öukzxU SÔ±mkhß Âøh°øÚ²® ÷\ºzx
GÊuÄ®.

Note : (i) Answer all the questions.

(ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given four alternatives and write
the option code and the corresponding answer.

8368 2

1. öPõ-kU-P¨-£m-kÒÍ-ÁØ-ÖÒ JßÖ AvP ©U-PÒ öuõ-øP¨ ¤µa-\-øÚU-Sz wº-ÁÀ».

(A) Cøu ÷u]¯ £õ-x-Põ¨¦ ¤µa-\-øÚ-¯õ-PU P¸-x-uÀ

(B) ÷u]-¯ ©Ø-Ö® E»-P AÍ-ÂÀ Av-P ©U-PÒ öuõøP £Ø-Ô¯ ÂȨ-¦-nºÄ
¤µa-\õ-µ[-PøÍ £» Fh-P[-PÒ ‰»® |øh-•-øÓ¨-£-kzx-uÀ.

(C) ö£›-¯ AÍÄ Sk®-£zøu Bu-›¨-£x

(D) JØ-øÓU SÇ¢-øuU Sk®-£[PøÍ ÷|õU-P-©õ-PU öPõÒ-Á-x

One among the given is not a solution to over-population.

(a) Treating it as a National Security issue

(b) Creating and Implementing National and Worldwide Multi-Media over-population
awareness campaigns

(c) Encouraging Large family

(d) Aiming for single-child Families

2. 2011 B® Bs-kU PnU-öP-k¨-¤ß-£i RÌ-Á-¸-Á-Ú-ÁØ-ÖÒ Gx \›-¯õ-Úx ?

(A) öPõÀ-Pz-uõ-Âß ©U-PÒ öuõøP 4% E¯º¢-ux

(B) öhÀ-¼-°ß ©U-PÒ öuõøP 4.1% E¯º¢-ux

(C) ö\ß-øÚ-°ß ©U-PÒ öuõøP 5% E¯º¢-ux

(D) •®-ø£-°ß ©U-PÒ öuõøP 5.1% E¯º¢-ux
As per 2011 census, which one of the following is correct ?

(a) Kolkata's population rose by 4%

(b) Delhi's population rose by 4.1%

(c) Chennai's population rose by 5%

(d) Mumbai's population rose by 5.1%

3 8368

3. u[-Pz-vß Ps-k-¤-i¨-¤-ÚõÀ Áͺa-]-¯-øh¢u ªP-Ä® ¤µ-]zv ö£ØÓ Si-°-¸¨-¦
__________ .
(A) {³-¯õºU (B) \õß- ¤-µõß-êì-÷Põ
(C) Áõ-æ[-hß (D) »õì Hg-\Àì
The most famous settlement which grew due to finding gold is __________.
(a) New York (b) San Francisco
(c) Washington (d) Los Angeles

4. ¤ß-Á-¸® TØøÓ TÔ-¯-Áº ¯õº ?
""QÇUS I÷µõ¨-£õøÁ Bm] ö\´-£-Áº-PÒ ø©¯ {»¨-£-S-vø¯ BÒ-Áõº-PÒ,
E»-P wÂØS Pm-h-øÍ-°-k® ø©¯ {»¨£S-vø¯ Bm] ö\´-£-Áº-PÒ E»-Pz wøÁ
BÒ-Áõº-PÒ, E»-Pz wøÁ Bm] ö\´-£-Áº-PÒ E»-øP BÒ-Áõº-PÒ''.
(A) ìø£U-÷©ß (B) í®-÷£õÀm
(C) ö©U-Qs-hº (D) ím-hß
Who stated the following ?
"Who rules East Europe commands the Heartland. Who rules Heartland commands
World Island. Who rules World Island commands the World."
(a) Spikeman (b) Humboldt
(c) Mackinder (d) Hutton

5. ÷ÁÖ-£mh Jß-øÓz ÷uº¢-öu-k.
(A) ö£õ-¸m-PøÍ Áõ[-S-Á-uØS ø£PÒ AÀ-»x ö£m-i-P-øͨ £¯ß-£-kz-uõ-©À
ö|Q-È-ø¯¨ £¯ß-£-kz-x-uÀ
(B) SøÓ¢u EøÓ-°mh ö£õ-¸m-P-øÍz ÷uº¢-öu-kz-uÀ
(C) ÷uøÁ-¯ØÓ ö|Q-Ȩ ø£PÒ ©Ø-Ö® EøÓ-°mh ö£õ-¸m-PøÍ uºz-uÀ
(D) ©Ö-_-ÇØ] AÀ-»x ©Ö-£-¯ß-£õk öPõsh ö£õ-¸m-P-øÍz ÷uº¢-öu-kz-uÀ
Pick the odd one out.
(a) For buying things, using of plastic materials instead of bags or boxes
(b) Choose products with less packaging
(c) Say ‘no’ to unnecessary plastic bags and other packaging
(d) Choose products with recyclable or reusable packaging

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6. CÁØ-ÔÀ Gx uÁ-ÓõP ö£õ-¸¢-v-²ÒÍx ?
£Ç[Si°Úº £Sv
(A) A÷£õ-›-âßì & öuß Aö©-›UP £S-v
(B) Cß-³m-PÒ & Bº-iU £S-v
(C) £õ-¼-¯ß & -öuß C¢-v¯ £Sv
(D) ¤U-ªU-PÒ & -P-»-Põ› £S-v
Identify the one which is incorrectly matched.
Foragers Region
(a) Aborigines - South America
(b) Inuit - Arctic region
(c) Paliyan - South India
(d) Pygmies - Kalahari

7. ©øÇ-}º ÷\ª¨-£õ-Úx __________ }›ß uµz-øu Av-P-›U-Q-Óx.
(A) BÖ (B) PhÀ
(C) {»z-ui (D) ö£¸[-P-hÀ
Rainwater harvesting improves the quality of __________ water.

(a) River (b) Sea

(c) Underground (d) Ocean

8. JÆ-öÁõ-¸ __________ J¸ ö©õÈ CÓ¨-£-uõP ©v¨-¤-h¨-£m-kÒÍx.
(A) 14 ©õ-u[-P-ÎÀ (B) 14 {ª-h[-P-ÎÀ
(C) 14 Bs-kP-ÎÀ (D) 14 |õm-P-ÎÀ
It is estimated that one language dies out every __________.
(a) 14 months (b) 14 minutes
(c) 14 years (d) 14 days

5 8368

9. ¤ß-Á-¸-Á-Ú-ÁØ-ÖÒ GøÁ PÛ-©[-PøÍ £õ-x-PõU-S® J¸ ÁÈ-•-øÓ AÀ» ?
(A) PÛ-©[-PøÍ ©Ö-_-ÇØ] ©Ø-Ö® ©Ö- £-¯ß-£õm-iØS Em-£-kz-x-uÀ
(B) ©U- P Ò öuõøP Áͺa- ] ø¯ Pm- k ¨- £ - k z- x - Á - u ß ‰»® PÛ- © [- P - Î ß
÷uøÁ-ø¯U SøÓz-uÀ
(C) Az-v-¯õ-Á-]-¯-©ØÓ PÛ-©[-P-Îß £¯ß-£õmøh FU-P¨-£-kz-x-uÀ
(D) PÛ-© ÁÍ[-PøÍ £õ-x-PõUP \‰-P ÂȨ-¦-nºøÁ HØ-£-kz-x-uÀ
Which of the following is not a method of conservation of minerals ?
(a) Reusing and recycling of minerals
(b) Controlling population growth to reduce demand for minerals
(c) Encouraging the use and acceptance of minerals which are not essential.
(d) Creating social awareness regarding conservation of minerals

10. ¤ß-Á-¸-Á-Ú-ÁØ-ÖÒ E»-Qß Av-÷ÁP Po-Û Gx ?
(A) ¤µz-³ì (Pratyush)
(B) \ß÷Á øhíü-ø»m (Sunway TaihuLight)
(C) £µ® 10000 (Param 10000)

(D) \®-ªm (Summit)
Which of the following is the fastest computer in the World ?
(a) Pratyush
(b) Sunway TaihuLight
(c) Param 10000
(d) Summit

11. E»-PÍ-ÂÀ CÓ¨-¦U-PõÚ Põ-µ-o-P-ÎÀ Gm-hõ-Áx Chz-vÀ EÒÍ {PÌÄ Gx ?
(A) \õø» £z-x (B) Tmh ö|›-\À
(C) }›À ‰Ì-S-uÀ (D) w £z-x
Which is the 8th leading cause of death globally ?
(a) Road accident (b) Stampede
(c) Drowning (d) Fire accident

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12. PhÀ ©m-h® {ø»-¯õP Bs-kUS __________ AÍÂÀ E-¯º¢x öPõs-i-¸U-Q-Óx.

(A) 0.01 •uÀ 0.025 ö\.« (B) 0.01 •uÀ 0.25 ö\.«

(C) 1 •uÀ 2.5 ö\.« (D) 0.1 •uÀ 0.25 ö\.«

Sea level rise is occurring steadily at the rate of __________ per year.

(a) 0.01 to 0.025 cm (b) 0.01 to 0.25 cm

(c) 1 to 2.5 cm (d) 0.1 to 0.25 cm

13. ¤ß-Á-¸-Á-Ú-ÁØ-ÔÀ Gx ªP-Ä® ¤ß-u[-Q¯ |õ-k-P-Îß £s¦ AÀ» ?

(A) \©-©ØÓ Á¸-Áõ´ £µ-ÁÀ

(B) SøÓ¢u ö©õzu EÒ-|õmk EØ-£zv

(C) Av-P AÍ-Â-»õÚ ÷Áø»-°ßø©

(D) Av-P GÊz-u-ÔÄ ÂQ-u®

Which of the following is not the characteristic of the Least Developed Countries ?

(a) Unequal distribution of income

(b) Low Gross Domestic product

(c) High level of unemployment

(d) High literacy rate

14. Gøuz uk¨-£-uØS |©-x Ãm-iØ-P-¸-QÀ {Ø-S® ©µ[-P-Îß AøÚz-xU QøÍ-P-Ю
öÁm-h¨-£-k-Q-Óx ?

(A) w (B) {»-|-kU-P® (C) ÁÓm] (D) öÁÒÍ®

To cut off all the branches of trees standing near our house is to prevent :

(a) Fire (b) Earthquake (c) Drought (d) Flood

7 8368

15. uß •uÀ •¯Ø-]-°-÷»÷¯ ö\Æ-Áõ´ Qµ-Pzøu ö\ß-Ó-øh¢u J÷µ |õk __________
BS®.

(A) Aö©-›UP IU-Q¯ |õ-k-PÒ (B) ^Úõ

(C) µè¯õ (D) C¢-v-¯õ
__________ is the only one country which has reached to the Mars in its first attempt.

(a) United States of America (b) China

(c) Russia (d) India

£Sv & II / PART - II

SÔ¨¦ : GøÁ- ÷ ¯Ý® BÖ ÂÚõUPÐUS Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®. ÂÚõ Gs 24 &US
Pmhõ¯©õP Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®. 6x2=12

Note : Answer any six questions. Question No. 24 is compulsory.

16. 2011 B® Bs- i ß ©U- P Ò öuõ- ø PU PnU- ö P- k ¨- ¤ ß- £ i C¢- v - ¯ õ- Â ß £õ- ¼ Ú
ÂQ-u® GßÚ ? C¢-v-¯õ-ÂÀ G¢u ‰ßÖ ©õ-{-»[-PÒ / ³Û-¯ß ¤µ-÷u-\[-PÒ
\õ-u-P-©õÚ £õ-¼Ú ÂQ-u[-PøÍU öPõs-kÒÍÚ ?

What is the sex ratio of India according to census 2011 ? Which three States / Union Territories
have favourable sex ratio in India ?

17. Qµõ-©¨-¦-ÓU Si-°-¸¨-¦-P-Îß ÁøP-P-øͨ £m-i-¯-¼-kP.

List the types of rural settlement.

18. "CøÇ ÁiÁ' ©Ø- Ö ® "÷»õmì' PÛ- © ¨ £i- Ä - P Ò ÷uõß- Ö ® •øÓ- P - ø Í
÷ÁÖ-£-kz-xP.

Differentiate the mode of occurrence of particles of veins and lodes.

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19. |õß-Põ® {ø»z öuõ-È-¾U-S® I¢-uõ® {ø»z öuõ-È-¾U-S® EÒÍ ÷ÁÖ-£õmøh
GÊ-x-P.

Differentiate Quaternary and Quinary sector.

20. Guß Ai¨-£-øh-°À CÚ® ÁøP¨-£-kz-u¨-£-k-Q-Óx ? AÁØ-øÓU SÔ¨-¤-kP.

On what basis the race is classified into ? Name them.

21. ¦-Â-°ß Av-P \Uv Áõ´¢u ¦Â EÍÄ ö\-¯Ø-øPU-÷PõÒ £ØÔ ]Ö- S-Ô¨¦ GÊ-x-P.

Write a short note on the World's most powerful GEO Spy Satellite.

22. ÷£nz-u-S¢u ÷©®-£õk C»US 15 £Ø-Ô _¸U-P-©õP GÊ-x-P.

Write in brief about Goal 15 in Sustainable development.

23. \õø» £õ-x-Põ¨-ø£U Sø»U-S® Põ-µ-o-P-ÎÀ H÷u-Ý® Cµs-iøÚ GÊ-xP.

Write any two road safety risk factors.

24. Si-ö£-¯º-u-¾U-PõÚ Põ-µ-o-PøÍ ÁøP¨-£-kz-xP.

Classify the factors causing migration.

9 8368

£Sv & III / PART - III
SÔ¨¦ : GøÁ- ÷ ¯Ý® BÖ ÂÚõUPÐUS Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®. ÂÚõ Gs 33 &US
6x3=18
Pmhõ¯©õ-P Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®.
Note : Answer any six questions. Question No. 33 is compulsory.

25. ›-ÁõUP ¤µ-ª-kU-S® {ø»-¯õÚ ¤µ-ª-kU-S® Cøh-÷¯-¯õÚ H÷u-Ý® ‰ßÖ
÷ÁÖ-£õ-k-PøÍ SÔ¨-¤-kP.
Mention any three differences between expansive population pyramid and stationary
population pyramid.

26. ÁÍ[-PøÍ £õ-x-PõU-S® ÁÈ-•-øÓ-P-ÎÀ H÷u-Ý® ‰ß-Ô-øÚU SÔ¨-¤-kP.
Mention any three ways of conserving resources.

27. ªÀ-¼-¯ß |P-µ® Áøµ-¯-ÖU-P-Ä® ©Ø-Ö® Kº Euõ-µ-n® u¸-P.
Define Million City and give an example.

28. •uÀ {ø»z öuõ- È - ø »U Põm- i - ¾ ® Cµs- h õ® {ø»z öuõ- È À ªP- Ä ®
•U-Q-¯z-x-Á® Áõ´¢-ux. Hß ?
Why are secondary industries more important than primary industries ?

29. uªÌ-|õm-iß •U-Q¯ ÷£a_ ÁÇUS £ØÔ SÔ¨¦ ÁøµP.
Write a note on major dialects in Tamil Nadu.

30. ¦Â-{ø» ö\¯Ø-øPU-÷PõÒ ©Ø-Ö® `›-¯-{ø» ö\¯Ø-øPU-÷PõøÍ ÷ÁÖ-£-kz-xP.
Differentiate Geostationary Satellite and Sun Synchronous Satellite.

31. Põ-»-{ø» ©õØ-Óz-vØ-PõÚ ‰ßÖ Põ-µ-n[-PøÍU TÖ-P.
State any three reasons for climate change.

8368 10

32. |õ® Hß E¨¦ }øµU Põm-i-¾® |ß-Ü-›À ÷ÁP-©õP ‰Ì-Q-÷Óõ® ?
Why are we drowning faster in fresh water than ocean water ?

33. C¢-v-¯õ-Â-ß •U-Q-¯-©õÚ £Ç[-S-i-°Ú SÊU-Pøͨ £ØÔ _¸U-P-©õP GÊ-x-P.
Write a short note on major Tribal groups in India.

£Sv & IV / PART - IV
SÔ¨¦ : AøÚz-x ÂÚõU-P-ÐUS® Âøh¯ÎUPÄ®. 5x5=25

Note : Answer all the questions.

34. (A) GÀ-ø»U-÷Põ-k-P-Îß ©µ-¦-\õº¢u ÁøP¨-£õmøh ÂÁ-›U-P-Ä®.
AÀ»x
(B) ¦Â¨- £ - µ ¨¦ _µ[- P ®, xÀ- ¼ ¯ ÷ÁÍõsø© ©Ø- Ö ® xøÓ- • - P z- x øÓ
uõ-Û-¯U-P® ÷£õß-Ó-ÁØ-ÔÀ GNSS &ß £¯ß-£õ-k-PÒ SÔzx ÂÍU-SP.
(a) Describe the Genetic classification of the boundaries.
OR
(b) Explain the applications of GNSS in the field of surface mining, precision agriculture
and port automation.

35. (A) C¸®-¦z uõ-xøÁ ÁøP¨-£-kzv ÂÁ-›U-P-Ä®.
AÀ»x
(B) öuõ- È Ø- \ õ- ø »- P øÍ £o- ¯ õm- P Ò, ‰»¨- ö £õ- ¸ Ò Buõ- µ [- P Ò ©Ø- Ö ®
E›- ø ©- ¯ õͺ Ai¨- £ - ø h°À ÁøP¨- £ - k zv AÁØ- Ô À H÷u- Ý ® Cµsk
öuõ-ÈØ-\õø» ÁøP-P-øÍ ÂÁ-›U-P-Ä®.
(a) Classify and describe iron ore.
OR
(b) On the basis of labour, source of raw materials, and ownership classify the industries
and explain any two types of industries.

11 8368

36. (A) ©U-PÒ öuõ-øP¨ £µ-Á-ø»¨ £õ-vU-S® Põ-µ-o-PÒ £ØÔ Â›-ÁõP ÂÍU-SP.
AÀ»x
(B) ø©¯ ©s-h» ÷Põm-£õm-iøÚ £hz-x-hß ÂÍU-SP.
(a) Explain in detail about the factors influencing the distribution of population.
OR

(b) Explain the Concentric Zone theory with diagram.

37. (A) _Ø-Öa-`-ÇÀ uõU-Pzøu ©v¨-¤-k-Á-uØ-PõÚ |øh-•-øÓ-P-øÍ ÂÍU-SP.
AÀ»x
(B) w £z- v ß- ÷ £õx H÷u- Ý ® I¢x ö\´¯ ÷Ás- i - ¯ øÁ ©Ø- Ö ® ö\´- ¯ U
Thõ-uøÁ £ØÔ GÊ-xP.
(a) Explain the process used in the Environmental component of EIA.
OR

(b) Write any five dos and don’ts for fire accidents.

38. (A) öPõ-kU-P¨-£m-kÒÍ E»-P {» Áøµ-£-hz-vÀ E»-P ©U-PÒ öuõøP Ahºzv
£S-v-PøÍU SÔz-xU Põmi Aøu¨ £ØÔ ]Ö SÔ¨¦ GÊ-xP.
AÀ»x
(B) E»- Q ß ¦Ó- Á › {»- Á - ø µ- £ - h z- v À ø©¯ {»¨- £ - S v ÷Põm- £ õm- i ß ‰ßÖ
A-kUS GÀ-ø»-PøÍU SÔzx SÔ¨¦ GÊ-xP.
(a) On the outline map of the World, mark the areas of world population density and
write a brief account of it.
OR
(b) On the outline map of the World, mark the three tier boundaries of Heartland theory
and write a brief account of it.

-o0o-