Karnataka SSLC Question Bank 2026 Social Science

Government of Karnataka
Department Of School Education and Literacy
District Institute of Education and Training, Haveri

Learning objective
Based
Assessment [LBA]
Revised Edition 2026-27

Class: 10th Standard
Subject: SOCIAL SCIENCE

Department of State Educational Research and Training,
Banashankari 3rd stage, Bengaluru-5600085

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Concept and Vision
Smt. Rashmi Mahesh
Additional Chief Secretary to Government
Department of School Education and Literacy, Bengaluru
Dr. K. Vidyakumari, IAS Smt. Anitha V Nazare
State Project Director, Director,
Karnataka Shamagra Shikshana, Bengaluru D.S.E.R.T. Bengaluru
DIET Co-Operation
Shri. Z M Khazi, Shri. Shekar Hanchinamani
Principal, DIET, Haveri Lecturer, DIET, Haveri
Co-Ordination
Smt. Radha P.
Senior Assistant Director
D.S.E.R.T. Bengaluru
Lesson Based Assessment [LBA] Resource Person Team
Shankar Lamanai Sunita Kalakeri Shanmukha G H
GHS Bisalahalli GHS Nelogal GHS Kaduru
Tq: Byadagi Tq: Haveri Tq: Hirekerur
Vasantkumar Shagoti Shivaraj Adarakatti Shankar Chakrasali
GHS Ichchangi, GHS Benakanakonda GHS Hireanaji
Tq: Savanur Tq: Ranebennur Tq: Byadagi
Ningappa Katenehalli Shrinivas Kalal Subhas Kurubar
GHS Bannur KPS Adur GHS Hiremanakatti
Tq: Shiggaon Tq: Hanagal Tq: Shiggaon
Girish Savanur Nagaraj Asiambli C T Pujar
GHS Kunur KPS Aremallapur GHS Kalasur
Tq: Shiggaon Tq: Ranebennur Tq: Savanur
Mentors and Reviewers
Shri. Banu Kumar Shri. Sudhkar Reddy H, Asst Teacher
Deputy Director GHS Kadalaveni ,Tq: Gowribidanuru
K.T.B.S. Bengaluru Chikkaballapuru Dist
Learning objective Based Assessment [LBA] Resource Revision Team 2026-27
Shri. Yuvaraj K Shri. Govindaraj Kadakol Miss. Sahana Tumminakatti
Grasim Siriganad Vidyalaya Sai Chandra Gurukula St. Paul School Guttal.
Kavalettu, Tq: Ranebennur Yattinalhalli, Haveri Tq: Haveri
Shri. Vasantkumar Shagoti, Shri. Gireesh Savanur, Shri. Srinivasa Kalala,
GHS Ichchangi, GHS Kannur, GHS Aduru,
Tq: Savanur Tq: Shiggavi Tq: Hanagal
Mentors and Reviewers
Shri. Dr. Hariprasad G V Shri. Kaginakar P M (Santosh) Asst Teacher
Deputy Director Girls Government Junior College, Sira Town,
DSERT Bengaluru Madhugiri Education District

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Preface [ಮುನ್ುುಡಿ]
ಕಲಿಕೆಯ ಪಯಣಕೆೆ ದಾರಿದೀಪ – ಕಲಿಕಾಫಲ ಆಧಾರಿತ ಮೌಲಾಯಾಂಕನ್ ಪರಶ್ೆುಕೆ ೀಠಿ (LBA)
ಪ್ರೀತಿಯ ಶಿ್᥌ಕರೆೀ,
ಶಿ್ಷಣವೆಂಬುದು ಕೇವಲ ಪಠ್ಯಪುಸ್ತಕಗಳ ಅ್ಷರ್᤺ಾನಕೆ ಸೇಮಿತವಾಗಿರದ, ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳ ಚೆಂತನ, ಗರಹಿಕ, ವಿಶೇಲ ಷಣಾ ಸಾಮ್ವಯಿ
ಹಾಗೂ ಜೇವನ ಮೌಲಯಗಳನುು ರೂಪಿಸ್ುವ ಸ್ೃಜನಾತಮಕ ಪರ್᥅ರಯೆಯಾಗಿದ. ಈ ಕಲಿಕಯ ಪಯಣದಲಿಲ ಮೌಲಾಯೆಂಕನ ಮತುತ ಮೌಲಯಮಾಪನವು
ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಯ ಕಲಿಕಯ ಪರಗತಿಯನುು ಗುರುತಿಸ್ುವ ದಾರಿದೇಪವಾಗಿದುು, ಅವರ ಸಾಮ್ವಯಿವನುು ಅನಾವರಣಗೂಳಿಸ್ುವ ಪರೇರಕ ಶ್᥅ತಯಾಗಿದ.
ಈ ಮಹತವದ ಆಶಯವನುು ಮನಗೆಂಡು, 2025–26ನೇ ಶೈ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಷಿದಲಿಲ ಪಾಠಾಧಾರಿತ ಮೌಲಾಯೆಂಕನ ಪರಶುಕೂೇಠಿಯನುು ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳ
ಕಲಿಕಯನುು ದೃಢೇಕರಿಸ್ುವ ಉದುೇಶದೆಂದ ರೂಪಿಸ್ಲಾಗಿತುತ. ಶಿ್ಷಕರಿಗೂ ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳಿಗೂ ಸ್ಮಾನವಾಗಿ ಉಪಯುಕತವಾಗುವೆಂತ
ಸದಧಗೂೆಂಡ ಈ ಪರಯತುಕೆ ದೂರತ ಅತುಯತತಮ ಸ್ಪೆಂದನ ನ್ಮಮಲಲರಿಗೂ ಸ್ೆಂತೂೇಷ ಮತುತ ಪರೇರಣಯನುು ನೇಡಿದ.

2026–27ನೇ ಶೈ್ಷಣಿಕ ವಷಿದಲಿಲ ಈ ಉಪಕರಮವನುು ಮತತಷುು ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿ ಸುೇಹಿಯಾಗಿ, ಸ್ರಳವಾಗಿ, ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿ
ಹಾಗೂ ಸ್ಮಾಜ ವಿ್᤺ಾನ ವಿಷಯದ ಕಲಿಕಾ ಫಲಗಳಿಗ ಅನುಗುಣವಾಗಿ ಉನುತಿೇಕರಿಸ, ಪರಿಷೆರಿಸ "ಕಲಿಕಾಫಲ ಆಧಾರಿತ ಮೌಲಾಯಾಂಕನ್
ಪರಶ್ೆುಕೆ ೀಠಿ" ಯನುು ನಮಮ ಕೈಗ ಅಪಿಿಸ್ುತಿತದುೇವ. ಈ ಪರಶುಕೂೇಠಿಯಲಿಲನ ಪರತಿಯೆಂದು ಅಧಾಯಯಕೂೆ ಸ್ೆಂಬೆಂಧಿಸದ ಪರಶುಗಳನುು ನದಿಷು
ಕಲಿಕಾ ಫಲಗಳ ಆಧಾರದ ್ಮೇಲ ವಿನಾಯಸ್ಗೂಳಿಸ್ಲಾಗಿದ. ಇದರಿೆಂದ ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳಲಿಲ ವಿಷಯದ ಆಳವಾದ ಗರಹಿಕ, ವಿಶೇಲ ಷಣಾತಮಕ ಚೆಂತನ,
ಅನವಯಿಕ ಸಾಮ್ವಯಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಸ್ಮಸಯ ಪರಿಹಾರ ಕೌಶಲಗಳು ವೃದಧಯಾಗುತತವ. ಶಿ್ಷಕರು ಕಲಿಕಾ ಫಲಗಳನುು ಅರೈಿಸಕೂೆಂಡು
ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿ ತರಗತಿ ಪರ್᥅ರಯೆ ಮತುತ ಮೌಲಾಯೆಂಕನ ಪರ್᥅ರಯೆ ನವಿಹಿಸ್ಲು ಸ್ಹಕಾರಿಯಾಗುತತವ.

ಈ ಪರಶ್ೆುಕೆ ೀಠಿಯನ್ುು ಶಿ್᥌ಕರು ತರಗತಿ ಪರ್᥅ರಯೆಯಲಿಿ, ಮೌಲಾಯಾಂಕನ್ ಮತುು ಮೌಲಯಮಾಪನ್ ಪರ್᥅ರಯೆಯಲಿಿ ಹಾಂತ-ಹಾಂತವಾಗಿ
ನಿರಾಂತರವಾಗಿ (CCE) ಬಳಸಬೆೀಕಾಗುತುದೆ. ಈ ಮೂಲಕ ಸ್ಮಾಜ ವಿ್᤺ಾನ ವಿಷಯದ ಕುರಿತು ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳಲಿಲ ಆಸ್್᥅ತ, ಆತಮವಿಶಾವಸ್ ಮತುತ
ಕಲಿಕಯ ಗುಣಮಟ್ುವನುು ಇನುಷುು ವೃದಧಸ್ಲಿ ಎೆಂಬುದು ನಮಮ ಹಾರೈಕಯಾಗಿದ. ಈ ಮಹತವದ ಕಾಯಿಕೆ ಮಾಗಿದಶಿನ ಮತುತ ಸ್ಹಕಾರ
ನೇಡಿದ ಶಿ್ಷಣ ಇಲಾಖಯ ಅಧಿಕಾರಿಗಳು, ಸ್ೆಂಪನೂಮಲ ವಯ್᥅ತಗಳು, ಪರಿಶಿೇಲಕರು, ಮಾಗಿದಶಿಕರಿಗ ಇಲಾಖ ಕೃತ್ಞತಗಳನುು ಸ್ಲಿಲಸ್ುತತದ.

ಪ್ರೀತಿಯ ವಿದಾಯ್ವಿಗಳೆೀ,

್᤺ಾನವೇ ನಮಮ ಅತಯಮೂಲಯ ಸ್ೆಂಪತುತ. ನರೆಂತರ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ, ಆತಮವಿಶಾವಸ್, ಶಿಸ್ುತ ಮತುತ ಪರಿಶರಮವೇ ಯಶಸಿನ ಭದರ
ಅಡಿಪಾಯಗಳು. ಈ ಕಲಿಕಾಫಲ ಆಧಾರಿತ ಮೌಲಾಯೆಂಕನ ಪರಶುಕೂೇಠಿ ನಮಮ ಕಲಿಕಯ ಪಯಣದಲಿಲ ಆತಮವಿಶಾವಸ್ದ ಗಳಯನಾಗಿ,
ಪರತಿಯೆಂದು ಕಲಿಕಾ ಫಲವನುು ಯಶಸವಯಾಗಿ ತಲುಪಲು ಮಾಗಿದಶಿಿಯಾಗಲಿ ಎೆಂಬುದು ನಮಮ ಆಶಯ. ನಮಮ ಶೈ್ಷಣಿಕ ಪಯಣವು
ಸ್ದಾ ಯಶಸಿನೆಂದ ಕೆಂಗೂಳಿಸ್ಲಿ. ನ್ಮಮಲಲರಿಗೂ ಹೃತೂಪವಿಕ ಶುಭಾಶಯಗಳು. ಉತುಮ ಕಲಿಕೆ, ಉಜ್ವಲ ಭವಿಷ್ಯ ನಮಮದಾಗಲಿ.

ನದೇಿಶಕರು,
ಡಿ.ಎಸ್.ಇ.ಆರ್.ಟಿ, ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು

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Guidelines for Teachers
1. The questions on each chapter are designed based on specific learning outcomes.
Teachers should clearly understand the learning outcomes.
2. The questions are designed to develop students' critical thinking and application skills,
rather than just memorization, and teachers should use them according to the needs of
their classroom.
3. All parts of Social Science i.e. History, Political Science, Geography, Sociology,
Economics and Business Studies should be given equal priority based on learning
outcomes.
4. More practice should be given to map recognition, diagram and time-based questions
of Geography and History.
5. This question bank should be used continuously in the classroom process, including
annual examinations, LBA based assessment, formative assessment, summative
assessment, CCE activities etc.
6. Categorise and provide Easy, Average and Difficult level questions according to the
different learning abilities of the students in the class.
7. Make provision for group discussion and peer assessment by selecting questions from
the question bank to enhance the thinking ability of the students.
8. Identify the learning outcomes that the students are lagging behind in achieving after
the exams and conduct appropriate planned, structural remedial teaching.
9. Select high order thinking [HOT’s] questions from the question bank while giving
daily homework and assigned tasks.
10. Model the correct method of writing main points for difficult questions in the class
using key answers.
11. Use the question bank, smart class, and supplementary digital resources to achieve the
learning outcomes applicable to the skill.

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SSLC SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES
CGs Competencies Learning Outcomes Lesson Names
C1.1 Explains historical events and
processes using different types of
sources, with specific examples
from Indian history
C-1.2 Explains and analyses the
chronology of human life on the
Indian subcontinent, from
prehistory to its civilisational
beginnings and beyond, and its
relations with other civilisations
CG-1
over time such as those in
Understands and
Mesopotamia, Greece, Central
analyses the
Asia, China, Southeast Asia,
important phases in
Arabia, and Eastern Africa.
Indian history and
1.3 Traces aspects of continuity and 1.Understands the
draws insights to 5. SOCIAL AND
change in different phases of social and religious
understand RELIGIOUS
history across the Indian problems, the rational
subcontinent (including cultural measures taken by REFORM
trends, social and religious trends reformers, and the MOVEMENTS
and reforms, and economic and importance of their
political transformations) contributions.
1.4 Explains the growth of new
indigenous ideas across India
including in Mathematics,
Philosophy, Science and
Technology, Medicine,
Architecture, Agriculture,
Literature and Art, and Social
Science (such as zero and the
Indian number system, ahimsa, the
six systems of Indian philosophy,
Ayurveda, yoga, the 22 shrutis of
Indian music, horticulture, use of
herbs and spices, etymology,
meters, and grammar) and how they
affected the course of Indian and
world history
2.1 Explains historical events and
processes with different types of
sources, with specific examples
CG-2 from world history
Analyses the 2.2 Explains and analyses the
important chronology of human life from its
phases in world beginnings to nomadism to settled
history and life and other phases of human
draws insights to civilisation
understand the 2.3 Traces aspects of continuity and
present-day change in different phases of world
world history (including cultural trends,
social and religious reforms, and
economic and political
transformations)

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2.4 Explains the growth of new 1.THE ADVENT OF
ideas and practices across the world EUROPEANS TO
(including humanism, INDIA
mercantilism, industrialisation, 2.Understands and
2.THE EXTENSION
scientific developments and explain the arrival of
explorations, imperialism, Europeans, their efforts OF THE BRITISH
colonialism, the rise of new nation- of interest (including RULE
states across the world, and various the British), the wars 4.OPPOSITION TO
technologies including the most fought, and their plans. BRITISH RULE IN
current) and how they affected the KARNATAKA
course of world history WODEYARS OF
MYSORE
1. Explains the impact of
British administration 3. THE IMPACT OF
on the social, THE BRITISH RULE
educational, economic,
political, and IN INDIA
administrative areas of
India.
2.5 Recognises the various
practices that arose, such as those
in C-2.4, and came to be
condemned later on (such as
racism, slavery, colonial invasions,
conquests, and plunder, genocides,
exclusion of women from
democratic and other institutions),
all of which have also impacted the
course of world history and have
left unhealed wounds
3.1 Analyses the meaning of nation2. Explains the challenges
and how the concept evolved over faced by India after
19. INDIA AFTER
time across the world and in the independence and the
INDEPENDENCE
specific context of India, including efforts made to
its roots in the rich civilisational overcome them.
history of the Indian sub-continent3. Understand India’s 7.CHALLENGES OF
challenges, remedial INDIA AND
CG -3 measures, government REMEDIES.
Understands the rules and schemes, and 6.PUBLIC
idea of a nation and critically evaluate one’s ADMINISTRATIO
the emergence of own role in their AN
the modern Indian implementation. INTRODUCTION
Nation
3.2 Identifies and analyses 4. Explains the impact of
important phases of the Indian British administration
national freedom struggle against 3. THE IMPACT OF
on the social,
British colonial rule, with special THE BRITISH RULE
educational, economic,
reference to the movement led by IN INDIA
Mahatma Gandhi and other political, and
important figures as well as those administrative areas of
that led to independence, and India.

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understands the specific Indian 5. Identifies and 17.THE FIRST WAR
concepts, values and methods (such appreciate the efforts, OF INDIAN
as Swaraj, Swadeshi, passive the various stages, and INDEPENDENCE
resistance, fight for dharma, self-
sacrifices of India’s (1857)
sacrifice, ahimsa) that played a part
in achieving Independence freedom struggle. 18.THE FREEOM
STRUGGLE
CG-4 4.1 Locates physiographic regions 10. INDIA-
Develops an of India and the climatic zones of GEOGRAPHICAL
understanding the world on a globe/map POSITION AND
of the inter-
PHYSICAL
relationship
between human FEATURES
beings and 11.INDIA-
their physical SEASONS
environment 12. INDIA- SOILS
and how that 13.INDIA FOREST
influences the RESOURCES
livelihoods, culture,
and the 6. Describes India’s 14.INDIA -WATER
biodiversity of the location, Indian RESOURCES
region geographical features, 26.INDIA -
natural resources, MINERAL AND
climate, transport, and POWER
the resources of RESOURCES
national development. 27.INDIA -
TRANSPORT AND
COMMUNICATION
25.INDIA- LAND
USE AND
AGRICULTURE
28.INDIA- MAJOR
INDUSTRIES
4.2 Explains important
geographical concepts,
characteristics of key landforms,
their origin, and other physical
factors of a region
4.3 Draws inter-linkages between 7. Understands the causes 29. INDIA-
various components of the physical and effects of natural NATURAL
environment, such as climate and disasters in India and
relief, climate and suggest precautionary DISASTERS
measures.
Develops an understanding
vegetation, vegetation, and wildlife
of the inter-relationship

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C-4.4 Analyses and evaluates the
inter-relationship between the
between human beings and natural
environment and human beings and
their cultures across regions and, in
the case of India, the special
environmental ethos
- that resulted in practices of nature
conservation
and how that influences the
C-4.5 Critically evaluates the
impact of human interventions on
the Tercera environment, including
climate change, pollution, shortages
of TENTS CWE SOD natural
resources (particularly water), and
loss of biodiversity;
identifies practices that have led to
these environmental crises and the
measures that must be taken to
reverse them
C-4.6 Develops sensitivity towards
the judicious use of natural
resources (by individuals, societies,
and nations) and suggests
measures for their conservation
CG-5 C-5.1 Understands that the Indian
Understands the Constitution draws from the great
Indian cultural heritage and common
Constitution and aspirations of the Indian nation,
explores and recalls India’s early
the essence of experiments with democracy
Indian (assemblies in Mahajanapadas,
democracy and the kingdoms and empires at several
characteristics of a levels of the
democratic society, guilds, sanghas and ganas,
government village councils and committees,
Uttaramerur inscriptions)
C-5.2 Appreciates fundamental 8. Understand India’s 7. CHALLENGES
Constitutional values and identifies challenges, remedial OF INDIA AND
-Understands the Indian their measures, government REMEDIES.
significance for the prosperity of rules and schemes, and 6.PUBLIC
the Indian nation Constitution and critically evaluate one’s ADMINISTRATION
explores own role in their – AN
implementation. INTRODUCTION
9. Identifies her/his role in
the development of 16. ECONOMY AND
India’s economy,
GOVERNMENT
Expresses the role of
governments in 30.RURAL
development at various DEVELOPMENT
levels.

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5.3. Explains that fundamental
rights are the most basic human the
essence of Indian rights, and they
flourish when people also perform
their fundamental duties.
5.4 Analyses the basic features of a
democracy and democratic and
government - and its history in
India and across the world - and
compares this form of government
with other forms of government
C-5.5. Analyses the critical role of
non-state and non-market 10. Understands consumer 33.CONSUMER
participants in the functioning of a protection laws and the EDUCATION AND
democratic government and protection of consumer PROTECTION
society, such as the media, civil rights. Lists various
society, socio-religious institutions, consumer forums.
and community institutions
6. Understands and 6.1 Understands how the Indian 11. Understand India’s
analyses social, ethos and the cultural integration challenges, remedial
cultural, and across India did not attempt 7. CHALLENGES
measures, government
political life in uniformity, but respected and OF INDIA AND
rules and schemes, and
India over time – promoted a rich diversity in Indian REMEDIES.
as well as the society, and how this critically evaluate one’s
underlying harmonisation and unity in own role in their
6.PUBLIC
historical Indian diversity, with a historical respect implementation. ADMINISTRATION
ethos and for all cultures, women have – AN
philosophy of unity counted among India's great INTRODUCTION
in diversity - and strengths by promoting peaceful
recognises coexistence
challenges faced in 6.2 Understands that, despite C-6.1,
these areas in the forms of inequality, injustice, and
past and present discrimination have occurred in
and the efforts different sections of society at
(being) made to different times (due to internal as
address them well as outside forces such as
colonisation), leading to political,
social, and cultural efforts,
struggles, movements, and
mechanisms at various levels
towards equity, inclusion, justice,
and harmony, with varying
outcomes and degrees of success
6.3 Analyses aspects of differential12. Expresses his/her own 8.SOCIAL
treatment or discrimination that solutions and reform STRATIFICATION
may exist in Indian society, based measures to overcome 9. WORK AND
on, e.g, socio-cultural background,
societal problems. ECONOMIC LIFE
region, language spoken, and what
individuals and societies can do to 23. COLLECTIVE
eradicate such differential treatment BEHAVIOUR AND
PROTESTS
24. SOCIAL
CHALLENGES

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6.4 Understands that a progressive
13. Critically analyses 20. WORLD WARS
society and nation such as India is
global issues, India’s AND INDIA’S ROLE
one that recognises not only its
foreign policy in 21. INDIAN
civilisational strengths but also
establishing global
its socio-economic, cultural, and FOREIGN POLICY
peace, and the efforts of
political challenges and AND GLOBAL
global organizations for
continuously makes efforts to CHALLENGES
the welfare with the
address those challenges to become
background of Indian 22.WORLD
ever more prosperous, inclusive,
foreign policy. ORGANISATIONS
just, and harmonious
7 Develops an 7.1 Defines key features of the 14. Explains the forms of 31. PUBLIC
understanding economy such as production, money, financial FINANCE AND
of the economy of distribution, demand, supply, trade, institutions, and the role BUDGET
a nation, with and commerce, and factors that of finance in
16. BANK
specific reference influence these aspects (including development; Also
to India technology) participate themselves TRANSACTIONS
(e.g., opening a bank
account, etc.).
7.2 Evaluates the importance of the15. Understands self-
three sectors of production employment 32.
(primary, secondary, and tertiary) opportunities and ENTREPRENEURS
in any country's economy, explain the role of HIP
especially India entrepreneurship in the
country’s development.
7.3 Distinguishes between
‘unorganised’ and ‘organised’
sectors of the economy and their
role in production for the local
market in
small, medium, and large-scale
production centres (industries), and
recognises the special importance
of the so-called ‘unorganised’
sector in Indian economy and its
connections with the self-
organising features of Indian
society
7.4 Traces the beginning and
importance of large-scale trade and
commerce (including e-commerce)
between one country and another -
the key items of trade in the
beginning, and the changes from
time to time
8. Evaluates the 8.1 Gathers, comprehends, and
economic analyses data related to income,
development of a capital, poverty, and employment in
country in terms of one's locality, region and at
its impact on the the national level
lives of its people 8.2 Understands and analyses the
and nature concepts and practice of the range
of economic systems - from free
market to entirely state-
controlled markets

x

8.3 Understands these features in
the context of ancient India, with its
thriving trade, both internal and
external, and its well-
established trade practices and
networks, business conventions,
and diverse industries, all of which
made India one of the world’s
leading economies up to the
colonial period
8.4 Describes India’s recent path
towards again becoming one of the
three largest economies of the
world, and how individuals can
contribute to this economic
progress
8.5 Appreciates the connections
between economic development
and the environment, and the
broader indicators of societal well-
being beyond GDP growth and
income
9. Understands and 9.1 Knows and explains the
appreciates the significant contributions of India to
contribution of all matters (concepts, explanations,
India through methods) studied within the
history and curriculum, in an integrated manner
present times, to
the overall field of
Social Science, and
the disciplines that
constitute it

xi

CONTENT
Chapter Page No Page No.
Chapters
No. Question Answer
HISTORY
1 THE ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA 01 39
2 THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE 02 40
3 THE IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA 03 41
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND
4 04 43
WODEYARS OF MYSORE
5 SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS 06 46
17 THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE [1857] 07 49
18 THE FREEDOM STRUGGLE 08 50
19 INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE 10 54
20 WORLD WARS AND INDIA’S ROLE 11 55
POLITICAL SCIENCE
6 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION - AN INTRODUCTION 12 57
7 CHALLENGES OF INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES 13 60
21 INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES 14 63
22 WORLD ORGANISATIONS 15 65
SOCIOLOGY
8 SOCIAL STRATIFICATION 17 68
9 WORK AND ECONOMIC LIFE 18 69
23 COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND PROTESTS 19 71
24 SOCIAL CHALLENGES 20 72
GEOGRAPHY
INDIA - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND
10 21 74
PHYSICAL FEATURES
11 INDIA - SEASONS 22 76
12 INDIA - SOILS 23 78
13 INDIA - FOREST RESOURCES 25 80
14 INDIA - WATER RESOURCES 26 82
25 INDIA - LAND USE AND AGRICULTURE 27 83
26 INDIA - MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES 28 86
27 INDIA - TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION 29 88
28 INDIA - MAJOR INDUSTRIES 30 90
29 INDIA - NATURAL DISASTERS 31 93
ECONOMICS
15 ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT 32 96
30 RURAL DEVELOPMENT 33 98
31 PUBLIC FINANCE AND BUDGET 34 99
BUSINESS STUDIES
16 BANK TRANSACTIONS 36 101
32 ENTREPRENEURSHIP 37 103
33 CONSUMER EDUCATION AND PROTECTION 38 104

xii

Chapter 1
THE ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands and explains the arrival of Europeans, their efforts of
2 All Questions
interest (including the British), the wars fought, and their plans.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 10 8 24
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The `Gateway of European’ trade was (Average)
a) Rome b) Constantinople c) Paris d) Venice
2. The sailor who discovered a new sea route to India (June-2022) (Easy)
a) Vasco da Gama b) Dupleix c) Almeida d) Albuquerque
3. The Portuguese Viceroy who implemented the `Blue Water Policy’ (Difficult)
A) Vasco da Gama B) Francisco de Almeida
C) Alfonso de Albuquerque D) Dupleix
4. The First Carnatic War ended with the treaty of (Difficult)
A) Pondicherry B) Aix-la-Chapelle C) Paris D) Wandiwash
5. The Mughal emperor who gave permission to the British to trade freely in Bengal (Average)
A) Jahangir B) Shah Alam II C) Bahadur Shah D) Farooq Siyar
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. Who introduced the Dual Government in Bengal? (June-2020) (Easy)
7. What is meant by Blue Water Policy? (Average)
8. Who captured Constantinople in 1453? (June-2020) (Easy)
9. Who was the real founder of the Portuguese Empire in India? (Difficult)
10. Which treaty ended the Third Carnatic War? (Average)
11. Which was the capital of the French empire in India? (Easy)
12. Where did Vasco da Gama land in India? (Easy)
13. Which was the princely state ruled by Marthanda Varma? (Average)
14. On Which province of India did the Dutch attack in 1741? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each.
15. Explain the factors that led to the discovery of a new sea route to India. (September-2020) (Average)
16. Explain the system of ‘Dual Government. /The system of Dual government was not profitable to Nawab
of Bengal. Justify (Difficult)
17. What were the consequences of the Second Carnatic War? / Explain the Second Carnatic War. (Difficult)
18. What were the results of the 3rd Carnatic War? (March- 2020) (Average)
19. State the causes for the Battle of Buxar. (April-2025) (Average)
20. How did trade take place between India and Europe during the Middle Ages? (Difficult)
21. List out the Europeans who came to India. (Easy)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six / Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 MARKS)
22. The battle of Buxar helped the British to gain control over Bengal. Justify. /State the consequences of the
Battle of Buxar. (September-2022, April-2023, April-2023) (Average)
23. What were the causes and consequences of the Battle of Plassey? (June-2023, June-2023) (Average)
24. How did Martanda Varma control the Dutch? / Explain the Marthanda Varma’s struggle against the Dutch.
(Difficult)

1

Chapter 2
THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands and explain the arrival of Europeans, their
2 efforts of interest (including the British), the wars fought, All Questions
and their plans.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 9 6 21
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The First Anglo-Maratha War ended with the treaty of (September-2020) (Average)
A) Bassein B) Salbai C) Lahore D) Poona
2. The system of Subsidiary Alliance was introduced by (September-2022) (Easy)
A) Dalhousie B) Wellesley
C) William Bentinck D) Cornwallis
3. The first princely state which accepted the system of Subsidiary Alliance (April-2023) (Easy)
A) Hyderabad B) Mysore C) Maratha D) Punjab
4. After the 3rd Anglo-Maratha War, the traditional leader installed by the British in Satara (Difficult)
A) Sambhaji B) Shivaji C) Shahaji D) Pratap Simha
5. The Governor General who implemented the Doctrine of Lapse (Easy)
A) Dalhousie B) Wellesley
C) William Bentinck D) Cornwallis
6. The Governor General who annexed Punjab to the British Empire (April-2024) (Average)
(A) Dalhousie (B) Wellesley (C) Canning (D) Cornwallis
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
7. Who successfully organized the Sikhs? (Easy)
8. What is meant by System of subsidiary Alliance? (Average)
9. Why did Wellesley resign to his post and returned to Britain? (June-2022) (Difficult)
10. What was the reason for political anarchy in Punjab in 1839? (Difficult)
11. Who became the Peshwa after the First Anglo-Maratha War? (Average)
12. The maintenance of army became easy for the British through the policy of Subsidiary Alliance. How?
(Difficult)
13. How did the British suppress the Maratha resistance after the Third Anglo-Maratha War? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each. (2/3 marks questions)
14. Which were the policies adopted by the British to expand their empire in India? (Easy)
15. What were the causes for the First Anglo-Maratha War? (Average)
16. What were the causes for the Third Anglo-Maratha War? (Average)
17. What were the consequences of the Third Anglo-Maratha War? / The Third Anglo Maratha war led to the
downfall of Marathas. Justify. (Difficult)
18. Doctrine of Lapse helped the British in the expansion of their power in India. Justify. /The British used
Doctrine of Lapse policy as a weapon to expand their empire in India Justify. (Average)
19. Name the leaders who led the rebellions against the British during the second Anglo-Sikh war. (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks questions)
20. Name the princely state that were annexed by the British through the Doctrine of Lapse policy. (Easy)
21.What were the conditions of Subsidiary Alliance? (June-2020, June-2022, June-2023, June-2024, April-

2

2025, June-2025)/ The Subsidiary Alliance weakened the native rulers. How? / Explain the policy of
Subsidiary of Alliance. (Average)
Chapter 3
THE IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Explains the impact of British administration on the social,
3 All Questions
educational, economic, political, and administrative areas of India.
Explains the impact of British administration on the social,
6
educational, economic, political, and administrative areas of India.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 13 11 29
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The law which made provision for the establishment of Supreme Court in Calcutta (Average)
A) Regulating Act of 1773 B) Charter Act of 1833
C) Government of India Act of 1935 D) Indian Council Act of 1909
2. The post of Superintendent of Police was created by (Easy)
A) Warren Hastings B) Cornwallis C) Wellesley D) Dalhousie
3. The British Governor who established new universities in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras (2021) (Difficult)
A) William Bentinck B) Warren Hastings C) Dalhousie D) Thomas Munroe
4. The act which provided separate electoral colleges for Muslims (April 2019) (Difficult)
A) Indian council act of 1909 B) Govt of India Act of 1919
C) Government of India Act of 1935 D) Indian council Act of 1892
5. The Government of India Act, 1935 is an important document of independent India because (2025)
(Average)
A) It introduced Diarchy at provinces B) It established a Board of Control
C) It introduced separate electoral constituencies on the basis of caste D) It created a Federal System
6. The permanent zamindari system was introduced by (June 2024) (Easy)
A) Warren Hastings B) Cornwallis C) Wellesley D) Dalhousie
7. The report that became base for English education in India was the report made by (Difficult)
A) Alexander Reed B) Macaulay C) Charles Wood D) Peel
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
8. Who was the first British governor general to promote modern education in India? (Average)
9. Who implemented Mahalwari System? (Average)
10. What is Mahal? (Easy)
11. What is the Policy of Assertion? (March 2019) (Difficult)
12. What is Diwani Adalat? (Average)
13. Who became the first viceroy of India in 1858? (Average)
14. What was the major objective of Charter Acts? (Difficult)
15. Which was the highest post available to Indians in the British army? (Average)
16. Who said that “Indian farmers were born in debt, lived in debt and died in debt”? (Difficult)
17. Which Act made provision for the establishment of Reserve Bank of India? (Easy)
18. Who established ‘Diwani Adalat’ the civil court? (Average)
19. Name the member of British Parliament who criticised the tax received by the British from East India
Company as ‘Criminal Tax’? (Difficult)

3

20. In which year was Regulating Act implemented? (Easy)
IV. Answer the following questions in 3 to 4 sentences/points each.
21. How did the British use the Indian Council Act of 1909 to divide and rule Indians? (Difficult)
22. The military was the base of administration during the British rule. Justify. (Difficult)
23. Which were the main aspects/feature of the Regulating Act? (April 2021) (Average)
V. Answer the following questions in Six/ eight sentences / points each. (3/4 marks questions)
24. What were the features of the Ryotwari system? Explain about Ryotwari system. (Average)
25. British education system played an important role to bring change in Indian education system Justify.
/What were the effects of British education System in India? (Average)
26. The land tax system implemented by the British exploited Indian farmers Justify/ What were the effects
of British land tax system? (Average)
27. What were the provisions made by the Montague-Chelmsford Act of 1919? / Explain the Montague-
Chelmsford Act of 1919. (Difficult)
28. The Government of India Act of 1935 became the base for the Constitution of India. Justify (2025)
(Difficult)
29. What were the changes made in judicial system during the British rule? /Explain the judicial system formed
during the British administration. (Average)
Chapter 4
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND WODEYARS OF
MYSORE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands and explain the arrival of Europeans, their efforts of
2 All Questions
interest (including the British), the wars fought, and their plans.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 11 14 11 36
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The state anthem of Mysore, Kayo Sri Gowri was composed by (Average)
A) Sanchi Honnamma B) Shyama Shastri
C) Basappa shastri D) Thirumalarya
2. The Treaty that ended First Anglo-Mysore War (April 2019) (Easy)
A) Treaty of Mangalore B) Treaty of Srirangapattana
C) Salbai Agreement D) Treaty of Madras
3. Surapura is located in the district of (Average)
A) Kalaburagi B) Bellary C) Raichur D) Yadagir
4. The place where Sangolli Rayanna was hanged to death (Easy)
A) Kittur B) Nandagadh C) Belagavi D) Sampagavi
5. The result of the Battle of Porto Nova (Difficult)
A) Hyder Ali was defeated by the British B) Tipu Sultan was defeated by the British
C) Kittur was defeated by the British D) Dondiya Wagh was martyred
6. The King of Mysuru who constructed Bangalore-Mysore railway line (June 2023) (Difficult)
A) Jayachamaraja Wodeyar B) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV
C) Chamarajendra Wodeyar X D) Raja Wodeyar
7. The King of Mysuru who was being called Rajshri by Mahatma Gandhi (June 2020) (Average)
A) Jayachamaraja Wodeyar B) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV
4

C) Chamarajendra Wodeyar X D) Raja Wodeyar
8. The Navratri festival (Dasara) of Mysore was started in Srirangapattana by (Easy)
A) Jayachamaraja Wodeyar B) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV
C) Chamarajendra Wodeyar X D) Raja Wodeyar
9. The state anthem of Mysore state was (Easy)
A) Kayo Sri Gowri B) Udayavagali Namma Cheluva Kannada Nadu
C) Palisemmanu Chamundeshwari D) Jai Bharatha Jananiya Thanujathe
10. The Queen of Hadinadu a Paleyapattu gave her daughter in marriage to Yaduraya because (Difficult)
A) Maranayaka ordered the Queen to do so
B) Yaduraya was handsome and the princess fell in love with him
C) Chamaraja pleaded the Queen to give her daughter in marriage to Yaduraya
D) Yaduraya killed Maranayaka and helped the Queen
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
11. What is 18th century referred to as in the History of India? (Difficult)
12. What was the reason for shifting Queen Chennamma from Bylahongala to Kusugal prison? (Difficult)
13. Which treaty ended the second Anglo-Mysore War? (Easy)
14. What was the reason for the rebellion of Bedas of Halagali against the British? (Mar 2019) (Average)
15. Who offered the crown Rajamudi to Melukote Cheluva Narayana Swamy? (Easy)
16. Which Mysore king supported Swami Vivekananda to attend the parliament of World Religion at Chicago?
(Average)
17. Between whom was the First Anglo-Mysore War fought? (Easy)
18. Which was the capital of Raja Wodeyar? (Average)
19. Name the child adopted by Kittur Rani Chennamma. (Easy)
20. Which was the native place of Rayanna the brave fighter to Kitturu? (Easy)
21. What kind of rebellion was basically the Amar Sulya rebellion? (Difficult)
22. Why did K. Sheshadri Iyer start Mysore Civil Services examinations? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in Two/Four/Six sentences/points each. (2/3 marks)
23. What were the achievements of Raja Wodeyar? (Average)
24. K. Sheshadri Iyer played a significant role in the development of Mysore. Substantiate. (March-2024)
(Difficult)
25. What were the conditions of the Treaty of Srirangapatna? /The Treaty of Srirangapatna was humiliative
for Tippu. Justify. (Mar 2020/June 2015/June 2018) (Easy)
26. What were the effects of Second Anglo-Mysore war? (Average)
27. ‘The Fourth Anglo Mysore war strengthened the position of British in Mysore’ Justify. / What were the
effects of Fourth Anglo Mysore war? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six/eight sentences/points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
28. Explain the Rebellion of Venkatappa Nayaka of Surapura. / Explain briefly the Rebellion of Surapura?
(Average)
29. Explain the achievements of Krishna Raja Wodeyar IV. / The rule of Krishna Raj Wodeyar IV made
Mysore as ‘Model state’ Justify. (April 2023/Jul 2023/P2-2024/ A 2025) (Easy)
30. Why is 18th century in India called as the century of political problems? (Difficult)
31. Explain the role of Sangolli Rayanna in the freedom struggle of Kittur. (March 2019) (Average)
32. Why is Amara Sulya Rebellion called a peasant/farmer’s revolt? / Explain the revolt of Amarasulya.
(Difficult)
33. Explain the achievements of Chikkadevaraja Wodeyar. (Average)
34. How did Hyder Ali come to power? (Average)
35. Explain the method of resistance of Dondiya Wagh against the British power. (Average)
36. “The protest of Halagali Bedas against the British rule was an important armed rebellion.” How? (Difficult)
5

Chapter 5
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands the social and religious problems, the rational
1 measures taken by reformers, and the importance of their All Questions
contributions.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 20 8 34
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The social reform organization based on the principle of service to mankind is service to God, (Average)
A. Satya Shodhak Samaj B. Prarthana Samaj
C. Arya Samaj D. Ramakrishna Mission
2. The newspaper started by Ram Mohan Roy in Bengali (Easy)
A. Samvada Kaumudi B. Mooka Nayaka
C. Young India D. Common Wheal
3. ‘Purification Ritual’ was the main activity of (Average)
A) Prarthana Samaj B) Brahmo Samaj
C) Satyashodak Samaj D) Arya Samaj
4. Theosophical Society was founded by (Average)
A) Ram Mohan Roy B) Dayananda Saraswati
C) Annie Besant D) Colonel H.S. Olcott and Madam Blavatsky
5. The newspaper 'New India' was started by (Average)
A. Rajaram Mohan Roy B. Mahatma Gandhi
C. Annie Besant D. Dayananda Saraswati
6. The Call 'Back to the Vedas' was given by (Easy)
A. Dayananda Saraswati B. Atmaram Pandurang
C. Swami Vivekananda D. Rajaram Mohan Roy
7. The organisation which advocated free and compulsory education in order to bring reforms in the social
system (Average)
A) Prarthana Samaj B) Brahmo Samaj
C) Satyashodak Samaj D) Arya Samaj
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence/point each.
8. How is the 19th century in Indian history called? (Average)
9. Who started the Self-respect Movement? (Easy)
10. Who was the founder of the Prarthana Samaj? (Easy)
11. Who advocated freedom as the first need of every human being? (Average)
12. Who was the teacher of Swami Vivekananda? (Easy)
13. Who started the Young Bengal Movement? (Average)
14. What was the purpose of establishing the Ramakrishna Mission? (September-2020) (Difficult)
15. Who said, “There is one caste, one religion and one God for the human race”? (Difficult)
16. Who wrote the book Slavery? (Average)
17. Name the social reformer who popularized the Prarthana Samaj. (Average)
18. Who started the Anglo Oriental College? (Average)
19. Through which institution Henri Vivian Dirojio created sensation by free thinking debate? (Average)

6

20. How did William Bentinck support Raja Rammohan Roy's fight against the practice of Sati? (Difficult)
21. Who wrote the book Satyartha Prakasha? (June-2024) (Easy)
III. Answer the following questions in six/eight sentences/points each. (3/4 marks questions)
22. The 19th century is called ‘the century of Indian Renaissance'. Why? / What are the reasons to call the
19th century as the period of Indian Renaissance? (State Prelims 2026) (Difficult)
23. Mention the reforms advocated by Raja Rammohan Roy./ Raja Rammohan Roy is called the ‘father of
Indian Renaissance.’ Explain. (June-2025) (Average)
24. What were the reforms brought by Satya Shodak Samaj? (Average)
25. What were the teachings of Brahmo Samaj? (Average)
26. State the reforms of Dayananda Saraswati / State the objectives of Arya Samaj. / The role of Dayanand
Saraswati in reforming Indian society is ever remembered. Justify. (June-2020, June-2022, March 2026)
(Average)
27. State the reforms /objectives of Prarthana Samaj. (April-2023, June-2023) (Average)
28. What were the contributions of Swami Vivekananda? (Average)
29. What were the reforms brought by Annie Besant? / Explain the role of Annie Besent in Indian social
reformation and freedom movement (September-2020, April-2024, August-2024) (Average)
30. State the reforms of Sri Narayana Guru Dharma Paripalana Yogam. (Difficult)
31. State the highlights of Periyar movement. / What are the contributions of E.V Ramaswami Naicker?
(Difficult)
32. Analyse the objectives of the Aligarh Movement. (Difficult)
33. Explain the vision of Ramakrishna Mission. (Average)
34. Which were the principles advocated by Dirozio? (Difficult)

Chapter 17
THE FIRST WAR OF INDIAN INDEPENDENCE (1857)
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Identifies and appreciate the efforts, the various stages, and
7 All Questions
sacrifices of India’s freedom struggle.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 1 9 4 14
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The leader who rose in revolt against the British in Kanpur (Average)
A. Mangal Pandey B. Dondiya Wagh C. Nana Saheb D. Bahadur Shah II
2. One of the reasons for the failure of the first Indian war of independence was (Average)
A. It was spread across the country B. It was a well-organized rebellion
C. It did not have a strong leader D. Many Indian kings were disloyal to the British
3. The reason why the sepoys lost the confidence of the common people during the first war of independence
was (Difficult)
A. Lack of support from the native kings B. Lack of appropriate guidance
C. Self-interest and struggle for individual rights D. Looting and robberies by the Soldiers
II. Answer each of the following questions in a sentence each.
4. What did Indian historians call the 1857 struggle? (Easy)
5. Who killed the British officer at Barackpur in 1857? (Average)

7

6. What was the name of the declaration issued by the Queen of Britain in India in 1858? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each. (2/3 marks questions)
7. What were the political causes for the revolt of 1857? (April-2023) (Average)
8. What were the economic causes for the revolt of 1857? (September-2020, April-2023) (Average)
9. What were the administrative causes for the revolt of 1857? (September-2020) (Average)
10. What were the military causes for the revolt of 1857? (Average)
IV. Answer each of the following questions in six/ eight sentences/points each. (3/4 marks
questions)
11. What were the reasons for the failure of the revolt of 1857? / The First war of Independence of 1857
failed due to various reasons substantiate. (2020, 20222024, June-2024, August-2024, (Average)
12. What were the consequences of the revolt of 1857? (April-2023) (Average)
13. Explain the economic and military aspects which caused the revolt of 1857? (Difficult)
14. Explain the political and administrative aspects which caused the revolt of 1857? (Difficult)
Chapter 18
THE FREEDOM STRUGGLE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Identifies and appreciate the efforts the various stages and sacrifices of
7 All Questions
India’s freedom struggle.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 21 10 40
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The Founder of Indian National Congress was (Easy)
A) Mahatma Gandhiji B) A.O. Hume
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Gopalakrishna Gokhale
2. The newspaper ‘Maratha’ was started by(Mar-2019 Sep.2021) (Easy)
A) Jawaharlal Nehru B) Ras Bihari Bose
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Gopalakrishna Gokhale
3. Swarajya Party was established in the year (Difficult)
A) 1924 B)1923 C) 1929 D)1906
4. The Haripura session of Indian National Congress was presided by (Average)
A) Jawaharlal Nehru B) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar C) Lal Lajpat Rai D) Subhash Chandra Bose
5. The Drain theory was propagated by (June 2022) (Easy)
A) Dada Bhai Naoroji B) Aurobindo Ghosh
C) Lal Lajpat Roy D) Subhash Chandra Bose
6. The first Prime Minister of India was (Easy)
A) Jawaharlal Nehru B) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
C) Lal Lajpat Roy D) Subhash Chandra Bose
7. The prominent moderate leader among the following (Sep-2021) (Difficult)
A) Bipin Chandra Pal B) Lala Lajpat Roy
C) Gopalakrishna Gokhale D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
8. Reason for the partition of Bengal in 1905 was (Mar-2015) (Difficult)
A) To unite Hindus and Muslims
B) To promote trade in Bengal
C) To develop the Bengal region
8

D) To supress the struggle against the British
9. The Quit India Movement gave leadership to non-Congress leaders. The prominent among them is
(Difficult)
A) Kasturba Gandhi B) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar C) Jayaprakash Narayan D) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
10. Gandhiji started the Champaran Movement to (Jun-2021) (Average)
A) Support the indigo farmers B) Support the cotton farmers
C) Support the Wine palm planters D) Support the tea estate workers
11. The movement led by the Ali brothers was (A-2022) (Easy)
A) Bardoli Movement B) Khilafath Movement
C) Civil Disobedience Movement D) Quit India Movement
II. Answer the following questions a sentence / word each.
12. Who implemented the Domestic paper control Act? (Average)
13. When was the Indian National Congress founded? (Easy)
14. Who composed ‘Geetha Rahasya’? (Easy)
15. Which were the secret organizations existed during the freedom movement in India? (Average)
16. Who led the Khilafath Movement in India? (Average)
17. Who was the President of the Lahore Session of Congress? (Average)
18. In which year did the Quit India Movement take place? (Average)
19. Who was the founder of the Forward Block Party? (Average)
20. Who Published the newspapers Janata and Mookanayaka? (Average)
21. Who led the Non-Aligned Movement? (Average)
22. Who was the last Viceroy of India? (Difficult)
23. Which commission marked the border between India and Pakistan? (Difficult)
24. Who demanded for a separate nation for Muslims? (Average)
25. Who declared that “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall get it.”? (Easy)
26. Who organised Mahad tank and Kalaram temple movement? (Average)
27. Who was the head of the Jhansi regiment of Indian National Army? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in six/eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks questions)
28. Explain the role of the Moderates in the freedom struggle of India. (April-2017, 2021 Sep 2020 Mar -
2022) Or Who are the Moderates? Explain their method of struggle. (Average)
29. Explain the Drain theory of wealth./How did Naoroji's Drain theory of wealth awaken Indians. (Average)
30. Explain the role of Bal Gangadhar Tilak in the freedom struggle of India./ Explain the role of extremists.
(2017) (Average)
31. Explain the method of struggle of the Revolutionaries. (Mar-2024) (Average)
32. Explain the role of Non-cooperation movement in the freedom struggle of India. (2020, 2021, 2022)
(Average)
33. Explain the civil disobedience movement. (Average)
34. Explain the Quit India movement. (Average)
35. Explain the protests of farmers and workers during the freedom struggle of India. (Difficult)
36. Explain the tribal rebellions held during the freedom struggle of India. (Jun-2022) / The tribal revolt of
Santals is recognized as the prominent revolt in the freedom struggle of India. Why? (2026) (Difficult)
37. Give an account of the achievements of Subhash Chandra Bose in the freedom struggle of India. / The role
of Subhash Chandra Bose is the mile stone in the freedom struggle of India. Justify. (Easy)
38. Explain the struggle of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar against untouchability. / Dr. B.R. Ambedkar played an
important role in reforming Indian society. Explain. (2016, 2020, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2026) (Average)
39. What were the achievements of Jawaharlal Nehru as first prime minister of India? (March- 2015, 2016,
2018, 2021) (Average)
40. Explain the Khilafat Movement held in India. (Difficult)
9

Chapter 19
INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Explains the challenges faced by India after independence and the
4 All Questions
efforts made to overcome them.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 11 5 22
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.The report that led to the emergence of two independent nations, India and Pakistan (Difficult)
A) Macaulay Report B) Mount batten Report C) Peel report D) Charles Wood report
2. The two elements added to our Constitution under the 42nd Amendment (Ma- 2019) (Average)
A) Socialist & Republican B) Socialist &Sovereign C) Socialist & Democratic D) Secular & Socialist
3. The Iron Man of India/first Home Minister of India (March- 2021) (Easy)
A) Mahatma Gandhi B) Lal Bahadur Shastri C) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
4. Mysore State was renamed as Karnataka in (Easy)
A) 1963 B) 1983 C) 1953 D) 1973
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
5. Who was the first President of India? (Easy)
6. When was the constitution of India came in to force? (Easy)
7. When was Goa became a state? (Average)
8. Who was the chairman of the State Reorganization Commission? (Average)
9. Which was the first state formed based on the languages? (Average)
10. In which year was Pondicherry renamed as Puducherry? (Difficult)
11. In which year was Pondicherry declared a union territory? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in four/Six sentences/points each. (2 and 3 marks)
12. What were the problems faced by India after independence? (June -2021) (Easy)
13. How was Pondicherry liberated from the French? (Average)
14. How was the Hyderabad State merged in to Indian union? (April-2022) (Average)
15. Explain the role of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in the unification of the princely states. (Easy)
16. How was the Junagadh State merged into Indian Union? (Average)
17. How was Goa merged with India? (April -2019,2021,2022,) (Average)
18. How did India deal with the problem of refugees after independence? (Difficult)
19. Why was the state re-organisation commission formed by the government of India in 1953? (Difficult)
20. Explain briefly the unification movement of Karnataka. (State Pre 2026) (Average)
21. Name the chairman and members of the State Reorganisation Commission. (Model 2026) (Average)
22. The unification of Jammu and Kashmir with India is unique compared to that of other provinces. How?
(Mar 2023) (Average)

10

Chapter 20
WORLD WARS AND INDIA’S ROLE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Critically analyses global issues, India’s foreign policy in establishing
15 global peace, and the efforts of global organizations for the welfare All Questions
with the background of Indian foreign policy.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 21 7 33
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.The policy of not joining any power block of the world is called (Average)
A) Blue water policy B) Non-alignment policy
C) Apartheid policy D) Policy of Dyarchy
2. The correct group of countries that belonged to Tripple Alliance (Difficult)
A) Britain, France, Russia B) Italy, France, Russia
C) Germany, Austria, Hungary-Italy D) Germany, Australia, Hungary, France
3. The cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are (Average)
A) In the United States of America B) In Germany C) In Japan D) In Poland
4. The treaty that ended the First World War (Average)
A) Treaty of Versailles B) Treaty of Geneva C) Treaty of Paris D) Treaty of Tashkent
5. The correct group of two countries that engaged in the Cold War (June 2019) (Average)
A) United States of America & China B) United States of America & Japan
C) China & Soviet Russia D) United States of America & Soviet Russia
6.The one among the following is different from the rest (April 2024) (Average)
A) Axis B) Allies C) Alliance D) Brow Shirts
7. The second World War ended in the year (Easy)
A) 1939 B) 1945 C) 1943 D)1941
8. The correct pair of Nations which formed ‘Tripple Entente’ (Difficult)
A) Britain-France- Russia B) Italy- France- Russia
C) Germany, Australia- Hungary, Italy D) Germany, Austria- Hungary, France
9.The country which defeated German troops in the Stalingrad war in 1942 (Difficult)
A) Russia B) Japan C) Britain D) France
10.The country where socialist Revolution took place in 1917 (Easy)
A) Russia B) Japan C) Britain D) France
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
11. Why did Adolf Hitler form the Brown Shirts? (Average)
12. Why did Hitler appoint a special minister named Goebbels? (Average)
13. Name the fascist dictator of Italy. (Average)
14. Where is Teen Murthy Bhavan located? (April -2024) (Easy)
15. Why was the League of Nations established? (Average)
16. What is meant by Holocaust? (Average)
17. What was the immediate cause for the First World War? (April -2024) (Average)
18. What was the humiliating treaty signed by Germany after the first world war? (Average)
19. When was the Russian Revolution took place? (Average)
20. Who was the founder of the Nazi Party? (Easy)
21. In which year was the first World War ended? (Average)
22. In which year was the Second World War started? (Average)
23. Why did Russia sign no war pact with Germany? (Difficult)
24. Name the political party established by Mussolini. (Easy)
25. Second world war paved the way for the beginning of Cold War. How? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in four/six sentences or points each. (2/3 marks)
26. What are the features of fascism? (April 2017,2019) (Average)
11

27. State the effects of the Great economic Depression of 1930. (Difficult)
28. State the summary of Nazism. (June 2019) (Average)
29. What is the significance of Teen Murthi Bhavan? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six/eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks)
30. State the causes and effects of the World War I. (Average)
31. State the causes and effects of the World War II. (April -2 2024) (Average)
32. Explain the role of India in the World War I. (Average)
33. How did Britain use India's resources during World War II? (Difficult)
Chapter 6
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION – AN INTRODUCTION
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understand India’s challenges, remedial measures,
5 government rules and schemes, and critically evaluate one’s All Questions
own role in their implementation.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 14 10 33
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. Father of Public Administration among the following is (March-2025) (Easy)
A) Woodrow Wilson B) Piffner C) Luther Guillick D) F. M. Marx
2. The term public administration was used for the first time (Average)
A) Woodrow Wilson B) F. M. Marx
C) Alexander Hamilton D) Luther Guillick
3. The article of our Constitution which makes provision for State Public Service Commission / Union Public
Service Commission (Difficult)
A) Article 356 B) Article 326 C) Article 315 D) Article 314
4.The concept of POSDCoRB was given by (Average)
A) L. D. White B) Luther Guillick C) Herbert A Simon D) O Glenn Stahl
5. The scholar who defined “recruitment as the cornerstone of administrative structure” (Difficult)
A) Luther Guillick B) O Glenn Stahl C) Alexander Hamilton D) F.M. Marx
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. What is Public Administration? (Easy)
7. What is Public Administration according to Woodrow Wilson? (April-2025) (Difficult)
8. What is Public Administration according to Piffner? (Difficult)
9. What is Public Administration according to Luther Guillick? (Difficult)
10. What is Public Administration according to F.M. Marx? (Difficult)
11. Who advocated the narrow view of public administration? (Difficult)
12. Who appoints /removes the chairperson/members of UPSC? (Easy)
13. On what grounds that the chairperson/members of UPSC can be removed from their post? (Easy)
14. Where is the head Quarters of the UPSC located? (Easy)
15. Who appoints / removes the chairperson and members of KPSC? (Easy)
16. What is Recruitment? (Easy)
17. Where is the head Quarters of the KPSC located? (Easy)
18. Which article of our constitution mentions about the functions of UPSC? (Average)
19. As per which article of our constitution the President can declare state emergency? (Difficult)
20. Who is the administrative head of the Home Ministry? (Average)
21. Who advocated the comprehensive view of public administration? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each.
22. “Public Administration functions from the birth to the death of a person”. Justify (Average)
23. How is direct recruitment different from indirect recruitment? (M-4-25) (Average)

12

24. Explain the functions of the Union Public Service Commission. (M-4-25) (Average)
25. Explain the functions of State Public Service Commission. (Average)
26. Which are the three stages of civil Service examinations? (Easy)
27. List the armed forces of the Union Home Ministry that provide public security. (March-2025) (Average)
28. What are the types of recruitment? (Easy)
29. Explain the structure of UPSC. (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences/points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
30. Explain the importance of Public Administration. (Average)
31. Explain the scope of Public administration According to the POSDCoRB concept of Luther Guillick.
(Average)
32. The role of the state government in maintaining law and order is very important. Explain. (M-3-25)
(Difficult)
33. Public Administration strengthens social security. Justify this statement. (Difficult)
Chapter 7
CHALLENGES OF INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understand India’s challenges remedial measures government rules
5 and schemes and critically evaluate one’s own role in their All Questions
implementation.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 20 8 33
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The year in which the Right to Information Act was implemented (Easy)
a) 2010 b) 2008 c) 2018 d) 2005
2. The first woman judge of the Supreme Court of India (Average)
A) Prabhadevi Sing Patil B) Fatima Beevi C) V. S. Ramadevi D) Sarojini Naidu
3. The literacy rate of India as per 2011 census (Difficult)
A) 66.4% B) 74.04% C) 76.04% D) 25.97%
4. The article 21A of our constitution pertains to (Easy)
A) Right to Religious Freedom B) Right against Exploitation
C) Right to constitutional Remedies D) Right to Education
5. Dr. D.M. Nanjundappa Committee was formed in order to (Average)
A) Stop Communalism B) Control Regionalism
C) Eradicate Illiteracy D) Curb corruption
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. What is sub-regionalism? (Easy) (2025 Paper-1) (Difficult)
7. What is smuggling? (Average)
8. Who are the gender minorities? (Average)
9. Which are the institutions established to prevent corruption in India? (Average)
10. What is regionalism? (Average)
11. What is communalism? (Average)
12. What is corruption? (Average)
13. What is poverty? (Easy)
14. What is profiteering? (Average)
15. What is meant by demographic dividend? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in four/six sentences or points each. (2/3 marks questions)
16. “Smuggling is harmful to National interest”. How? (Average)
17. Regionalism is harmful to the unity and integrity of the Nation. How? (Difficult)
IV. Answer in six sentences or points / eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks questions)

13

18. List out the measures implemented to eradicate poverty. (Average)
19. “Many ill effects arise due to Profiteering” – Justify. (Average)
20. What are the factors involved in the network of corruption? (Average)
21. State the ill effects caused by corruption. (Average)
22. Analyse the measures taken to control corruption (March 2020) (Difficult)
23. Explain the measures to eliminate economic inequality. (Average)
24. What are the problems caused by population explosion? (Difficult)
25. State the measures to control profiteering. (Average)
26. What are your suggestions to control communalism? / What are the measures to be taken to control
communalism? (Average)
27. What are your suggestions to control smuggling? / What are the measures to be taken to check
smuggling? (Average)
28. Recently the status of women in India is improving. Explain. / What are the measures taken to improve
the status of women. / What are the measures taken to eradicate gender discrimination. (2019, 2024)
(Difficult)
29. What are the measures taken to eliminate illiteracy? (March 2025) / The Governments are trying
consistently to increase the literacy rate in India. Justify (April 2026) (Easy)
30. What are the ways to solve the problems arising from population explosion? (Easy)
31. What are the initiatives taken to eliminate discrimination against gender minorities? / What are the
measures taken to empower the gender minorities in India? (March- April 2025) (Average)
32. Communalism disrupts very unity and integrity of our nation. Discuss. (Difficult)
33. What are the causes for Corruption? (Average)

Chapter 21
INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Critically analyses global issues, India’s foreign policy in establishing
15 global peace, and the efforts of global organizations for the welfare All Questions
with the background of Indian foreign policy.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 14 6 26
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The "Father of India's Foreign Policy" / Architect of Indian foreign policy (Easy)
A) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar B) Jawaharlal Nehru C) M.S. Swaminathan. D) Sir M. Visvesvaraiah
2. The United Nations declared the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on (April 2016/April 2018/March
2020/2019/2021/2024) (Easy)
A) 10 December 1950 B) 15 March 1948 C) 10 December 1948 D) 10 December 1945
3. The term “Third World” was used for the first time by (Difficult)
A) Franklin D. Roosevelt B) Winston Churchill C) Joseph Stalin D) Alfred Sauvy
4. India's policy of remaining neutral by not joining any power blocks led by America and Russia is (2022)
(Average)
A) Waging war policy B) Disarmament policy C) Non-alignment policy D) Apartheid policy
5. The country which adopted the policy of non-alignment as its foreign policy (June 2022) (Average)
A) America B) Russia C) China D) India
6. World Human Rights Day is observed on (June 2020/June 2023) (Easy)
A) December 10 B) March 15 C) June 6 D) July 11
7. The main objective of the French Revolution of 1789 (September 2020) (Average)
14

A) Establishment of the United Nations B) Protection of human rights
C) Prevention of foreign aggression D) Establishment of the League of Nations
8. India promotes disarmament. Because (March 2020) (Difficult)
A) India has nuclear weapons B) India has the largest military
C) India is a peace-loving country D) India is a developing country
9. In 1954, the Nation signed Panchasheela Principles with India was (September 2021) (Average)
A) China B) Indonesia C) Pakistan D) Sri Lanka
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
10. Define foreign policy. (Easy)
11. What is disarmament? (April 2019/W1-2024/W2-2024) (Average)
12. What are human rights? (Average)
13. What is terrorism? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each. (2/3 marks questions)
14. List the common factors that determine India's foreign policy. (Average)
15. Write the stages of development of India's foreign policy. (Average)
16. Mention the struggles that have taken place for the protection of human rights globally. (June 2019) (Easy)
17. Which are the global agreements signed towards achieving disarmament? (Difficult)
18. What are the major problems faced after the Second World War? (June 2022) (Average)
19. What are the main characteristics of economically backward countries under colonial rule? (2023)
(Difficult)
20. Explain the consequences of terrorism. /“Terrorism is a worry to global security.” How? (April
2015/2017/June 2017/June 2018, April 2026) (Average)
21. Explain the measures taken by India to remove economic inequality among Nations. (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six Or 8 sentences/points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
22. What are the fundamental principles of India's foreign policy? (Easy)
23. Mention the steps taken by India to protect human rights. (Jun2016/A2018/A2022) (Average)
24. Explain the consequences of the arms race in the context of “Arms race is the beginning of the destruction
of the world”? (Mar2020) (Difficult)
25. What are the steps India has taken to address the challenge of terrorism? (A2023/P3-2024) (Average)
26. Explain Indian foreign policy during Jawaharlal Nehru’s Idealism Phase. (Difficult)
Chapter 22.
WORLD ORGANISATIONS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Critically analyses global issues, India’s foreign policy in establishing
15 global peace, and the efforts of global organizations for the welfare All Questions
with the background of Indian foreign policy.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 10 21 11 42
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.The United Nations was established in the year (June 2017) (Easy)
A) 1950 B) 1945 C) 1919 D) 1948
2. The term United Nations was coined by (June 2016) (Average)
A) Franklin D. Roosevelt B) Winston Churchill C) Joseph Stalin D) Alfred Savage
3. The headquarters of the United Nations is located in (A2017/June 2018/September 2021) (Easy)
A) The Hague B) Geneva C) Washington D) New York
15

4. The organ of UN which is called as the Cabinet of UN (Average)
A) General Assembly B) Secretariat C) Security Council D) Trusteeship Council
5. The headquarters of the International Court of Justice is located in (2015) (Easy)
A) The Hague B) Geneva C) Washington D) New York
6. World Health Organization was founded in the year (Difficult)
A) 1945 B) 1948 C) 1950 D) 1965
7. The U N agency that won the Nobel Peace Prize for its work in 1965 (Difficult)
A) UNESCO B) WHO C) WTO D) UNICEF
8. The headquarters of “SAARC” is located in (Easy)
A) Delhi B) Geneva C) Kathmandu D) New York
9. The League of Nations, which was started to maintain world peace, failed due to (A2017) (Difficult)
A) Establishment of the United Nations B) Starting of World War II
C) End of World War I D) Starting of Cold War
10. This organ of the United Nations known as World Parliament (June 2016) (Easy)
A) Secretariat B) Security Council C) General Assembly D) Trusteeship Council
11. The number of representatives from each member state present in the General Assembly (September 2021)
(Easy)
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5
12. The headquarters of the World Health Organization is located in (2024) (Average)
A) New York B) Paris C) Rome D) Geneva
13. The agency of UN which is called as ‘The third economic pillar of world trade and commerce’ is (Average)
A) UNESCO B) WHO C) WTO D) UNICEF
14. The term of judges of International Court of Justice is (Easy)
A) 5 Year B) 6 Year C) 9 Year D) 4 Year
II Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
15. What was the reason for the establishment of Trusteeship Council? (Difficult)
16. Which was the last territory to become independent that was under the administration of the Trusteeship
Council? (Average)
17. Where is the headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization located? (June 2019) (Average)
18. Which organization was established after World War II for the welfare of children? (June 2018) (Difficult)
19. Which organization is called as the Central Bank of the Central Banks of various nations? (Average)
20. How many member Nations are there in the Commonwealth of Nations? (Average)
21. When was the organization “SAARC” established? (Average)
22. Where is the headquarters of the European Union located? (Difficult)
23. When was the African Union established? (Difficult)
24. Why has the Trusteeship Council lost its relevance today? (June 2017) (Difficult)
25. How is UNICEF working for the welfare of the children? (June 2018) (Average)
26. Why is the Security Council of UN called Cabinet of UN? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences/points each.
27. Name the major world leaders who played a major role in the establishment of the United Nations? (Easy)
28. Who are the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council? (June 2015/W3- 2024) (Easy)
29. The role of the World Health Organization is significant in protecting world health. How? (Average)
30. What are the objectives of the Food and Agriculture Organization? (September 2020/A2018) (Average)
31. The role of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) in the development of World
economy is significant. Justify. (Difficult)
32. Which are the affiliate institutions of the European Union? (Average)
33. Explain the role of the IMF in solving the international economic problems. (April 2016/April 2023)
(Average)
34. Explain the formation of International Labour Organization? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six/eight sentences/points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
35. Which are the organs of the United Nations? (Easy)
36. What are the aims and objectives of the United Nations? (April 2019) (Average)
37. What are the functions of the Economic and Social Council? (Difficult)
38. What are the functions of UNESCO? (Jun 2023/P1-2025) (Average)
39. What are the objectives of Common Wealth of Nations? (Average)
40. Explain the composition and functions of the General Assembly. (Average)
16

41. Explain the composition and functions of the Security Council. (A 2019/P1-2024/Jul 2020/Sep 2020)
(Average)
42. List out the achievements of UN. / The role of Un is significant in maintaining world peace and solving
world problems. Justify. (Jul 2019/P1-2025) (Average)

Chapter 8
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number

14 Expresses his/her own solutions and reform measures to overcome All Questions
societal problems.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 3 10 3 16
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The article of our Constitution which prohibits the practice of untouchability (June 2015, September 2021)
(Easy)
A) Article 24 B) Article 42 C) Article 17 D) Article 30
2. Who said that 'Truly, the whole mankind is one' (A 2015, A 2017, A 2023) (Easy)
A) Pampa B) Janna C) Ranna D) Dr. B R Ambedkar
3. ‘Untouchability is a stigma on the Hindu society’ is said by (2016, June 2023) (Easy)
A) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar B) Jyotibha Phule C) Mahatma Gandhiji D) Swami Vivekananda
4. Untouchability Crime Act was changed as Civil Rights Protection Act in the year (Average)
A) 1989 B) 1976 C) 1955 D) 1950
5. The year in which the Untouchability Crime Act came into force (Average)
A) 1976 B) 1955 C) 1989 D) 1996
6. The significance of Article 17 of the Constitution of India (April 2023, P 2024) (Average)
A) Prohibition of child labour B) Elimination of illiteracy
C) Prohibition of untouchability D) Prohibition of dowry
7. Social Stratification in India can be seen in (Average)
A) Apartheid B) Slavery C) Caste system D) Plebians and Patricians
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
8. What is social stratification? (March 1, March 2, June 2016, P 2024) (Average)
9. What is prejudice? (April 2023, March 2024) (Average)
10. Which legislation has given special responsibilities for the eradication of untouchability to the state
governments? (Average)
III.. Answer the following questions in six sentences each. (3/4 marks questions)
11. How has social stratification emerged? (Average)
12. Social stratification differs from time to time and from country to country. Explain. (April 2023)
(Difficult)
13. What are the constitutional and legislative measures taken to eradicate untouchability? How is India trying
to eradicate untouchability? How are the rights of Untouchables protected in India? Recently in India
untouchability is decreasing Justify. (April 2015, April 2016 April 2017 June 2017 2018 April 2018 June
2018 April 2019 June 2019 Mar-1 2021 Sep-2020 April 2022 June 2022 Model 2023 2024 P-3 2024)
(Average)
14. Untouchability is a social evil. Explain. (Difficult)
15. What are your suggestions to eradicate untouchability? (Average)
16. Prejudice created by discrimination leads to negative feelings.’ Justify. (Difficult)

17

Chapter 9
WORK AND ECONOMIC LIFE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number

14 Expresses his/her own solutions and reform measures to overcome All Questions
societal problems.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 13 3 21
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. An example for organized workers (Easy)
A) Vegetable sellers B) Daily wage labour C) Domestic workers D) Teachers
2. An example for Unorganized sector workers (April 2020) (Average)
A) Doctors B) Agricultural workers C) Insurance company workers D) Soldiers
3. Best example for unpaid labour (Model 2023) (Easy)
A) Teacher B) Bonded labour C) Driver D) Mother’s love
4. The best example for Unpaid work is (Easy)
A) Street venders B) Drawing for self-satisfaction C) Industrial Labour D) Teachers working in schools
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each:
5. What is labour? (Easy)
6. What is division of labour? (April 2024) (Average)
7. Why was the Equal wages Act-1976 enacted? (Difficult)
8. What is specialization? (Average)
9. What is paid labour? (Average)
10. What is unpaid labour? (Average)
11. What is unemployment? (Mar 1 2021) (Average)
12. When was the Equal wages Act enacted? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
13. Differentiate between paid and unpaid labour. (April 2024) (Average)
14. What are the causes for unemployment? (Average)
15. How is unemployment a serious social problem? / How has unemployment a bad impact on society? /
What are the effects of unemployment? (June 2018) (Average)
16. What are the measures taken by the governments to eliminate unemployment? / How can be the problem
of unemployment solved in a country with huge population? (2016, 2017, 2018, 2021 2023, 2024)
(Average)
17. Explain the differences between organized and unorganized workers. / How are organized sectors workers
different from unorganized sector workers? (April 2015, June 2015, June 2020, March-2 2020, 2022)
(Easy)
18. What are the challenges faced by unorganized workers? (June 2016 2019 Apr 2022 June 2022 (Average)
19. Explain the characteristics of organized sector workers. (April 2023) (Average)
20. Explain the nature of discrimination in employment. (March 2019) (Average)
21. Division of labour has turned into an indivisible part of labour in modern times. Justify. / What is the
significance of division of labour in modern days? (State Pre-2026) (Difficult)

18

Chapter 23
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOUR AND PROTESTS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
14 Expresses his/her own solutions and reform measures to overcome All Questions
societal problems.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 7 18 4 29
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer with along with its letter of alphabet.
1) Silent Valley Movement was launched in (June-2023) (Average)
A) Tamil Nadu B) Karnataka C) Kerala D) Maharashtra
2) This Environmental movement held in Salyani village of Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka (Easy)
A) Chipko Movement B) Appiko Movement
C) Silent Valley Movement D) Kaiga Anti-Nuclear Plant Movement
3) Narmada Bachao Movement was led by (September-20, June-24) (Average)
A) Medha Patkar B) Dr. Shivaram Karant C) Sunder Lal Bahuguna D) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
4) Environmental Movement led by Dr. Shivaram Karanth (Easy)
A) Silent Valley Movement B) Agitation against Kaiga C) Chipko Movement D) Appiko Movement
5. The founder of Karnataka State Farmers' Association (Average)
A) Prof. M. D. Nanjundaswamy B) Dr. Shivaram Karanth C) D. Devaraj Arus D) Baba Amte
6. The practice of bounded labour in Karnataka was abolished by (Average)
A) Prof. M. D. Nanjundaswamy B) D. Devaraj Arus C) Dr Shivaram Karanth D) Baba Amte
7. The Environmental Movement led by Sundarlal Bahuguna is (Easy)
A) Chipko Movement B) Appiko Movement C) Silent Valley Movement D) movement against MRPL
8. Chipko Movement was held in (Average)
A) Kerala B) Karnataka C) Gujarat D) Uttarakhand
II. Answer each of the following questions in a sentence.
9. What is collective behaviour? (Average)
10. What is a mob? (June-22) (Easy)
11. What is a riot? (Easy)
12. What is labour movement? (Average)
13. Why was movement against MRPL Launched? (Difficult)
14. Gangadhar met with an accident while going to office. People gathered around him. What is this collective
behaviour called? (Average)
15. Why did Devraj Arus abolish the practice of bounded labour? (Difficult)
16. Why was the agitation against Kaiga started? (Difficult)
17. In which state was Narmada Bachavo Andolan launched? (Easy)
18. Why was the Silent Valley Movement launched? (Average)
19. Who started Self-respect movement? (Average)
III. Answer each of the following questions in two to four sentences/points.
20. What are the causes for riots? (Average)
21. How can riots be controlled? (April-2024) (Average)
22. Explain the Chipko movement. (Average)
23. Give an account of the Appiko movement in Karnataka. (Average)
24. Among environmental movements, Narmada Bachavo Andolana is unique. How? (Average)
25. Explain the Silent Valley movement. (Average)
26. Explain the agitation against Kaiga nuclear power generation center. (Average)
IV. Answer each of the following questions in six sentences.
27. Explain the nature of a mob. (Average)
28. State the nature/characteristics of a riot. / Uncontrolled riots can lead to destruction. How? (April-2023)
(Difficult)
29. Name the major environmental movements held in India. (September-2022) (Easy)

19

Chapter 24.
SOCIAL CHALLENGES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
14 Expresses his/her own solutions and reform measures to overcome All Questions
societal problems.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 4 21 2 27
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1) The Child helpline number (September-20, April-24) (Easy)
A) 1081 B) 1098 C) 1033 D) 1086
2) As per Article 24 of our Constitution (Average)
A) Child marriage is a punishable offence B) Untouchability is a punishable offence
C) Dowry is a punishable offence D) Practice of Child labour is a punishable offence
3) The Dowry Prohibition Act was enacted by the Government of India in (Average)
A) 1960 B) 1984 C) 1961 D) 1985
4) The Pre-natal Gender Determination Test Act was enacted in (Average)
A) 1994 B) 1985 C) 2006 D) 2019
5) The Act that made provision for the right to free and compulsory education for children between 6 to 14
years (Easy)
A) Right to Education Act-2009 B) National policy for child labour-1987
C) Protection of children from sexual harassment -2012 D) Child labour eradication and rehabilitation Act -2006
6. The year in which the Child Labour Prohibition and Control Act was implemented (April-23) (Average)
A) 1988 B) 1994 C) 1986 D) 2006
7. The program implemented to enrol child labourers in schools through Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in Karnataka
(June-23) (Average)
(A) Sakshara Bharat (B) From Drudgery to school (C) Kali-nail (D) Nali-kali
II. Answer the following question in a sentence each.
8. What is child labour? (Easy)
9. What is child marriage? (Easy)
10. What is female foeticide? (June-20, June-21, June-23, April-25) (Average)
11. What is female infanticide? (Average)
12. Why was the Prohibition of Pre-natal Gender Discrimination Act-1994 implemented? (Average)
13. When was the Child Marriage Prohibition Act implemented? (Average)
14. Which law was enacted to prevent sexual abuse of children? (Average)
15. When did the POCSO Act come into force? (Average)
16. In which year was National policy for the welfare of child labourers implemented? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences / points each. (2/3 Marks)
17. What are the causes for child labour? (Average)
18. What are the consequences of the child labour? / It is essential to control child labour, Why? (April-25)
(Average)
19. What are the causes for female foeticide? (Average)
20. What are the ill effects of female foeticide? (Average)
IV. Answer of the following questions in Six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 Marks)
21. What are the measures taken by government to eliminate child labour? (Difficult)
22. What are the causes for child marriage? (Average)
23. What are the ill effects of child marriage? (June-24) (Average)

20

24. How can we prevent child marriage? (April-25) (Difficult)
25. What are the measures to control child marriage? (Average)
26. What are the ill effects of dowry? / ‘Dowry system leads to gender inequality in society.’ Justify. (2026)
(Average)
27. What are the solutions to the problem of dowry? How can be the problem of Dowry solved? (Average)

Chapter 10
INDIA – GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND PHYSICAL FEATURES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national All Questions
development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 16 5 30
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The Eastern Coastal Plain is (SLP 2020) (Average)
A) Straight B) Wide C) Stee D) Narrow
2. Ladakh Plateau is found (SLP 2023) (Difficult)
A) In the Central Himalaya B) In the Greater Himalaya
C) In the Siwalik range D) In the Peninsular Plateau
3. Highest mountain peak of India (June-2019) (Easy)
A) Mount Godwin Austin / K2 B) Mount Everest C) Anaimudi D) Guru Shikhara
4. The largest geographical division of India is (Average)
A) Northern greater Plain B) Himalayan mountains
C) Coastal Plain and Islands D) Peninsular Plateau
5. Mount Everest lies between (Average)
A) India and Pakistan B) India and China
C) Nepal and Tibet D) Nepal and Bhutan
III. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. Where do the Eastern and Western Ghats meet? (Mar/April 2022) (Easy)
7. Why is the North Indian Plain called the “Deposition plain”? (MQP 2022) (Difficult)
8. What are Dunes? (Easy)
9. Which is the oldest physiographic division of India? (Average)
10. Why are the Greater Himalayas called Himadri? (Easy)
11. Which is the highest mountain peak in South India? (Easy)
12. Which is the extreme southern tip of India? (Easy)
13. On which longitude is the Indian Standard Time based? (Average)
14. By what name are the Western Ghats called in Maharashtra and Karnataka? (Difficult)
15. From which river does the name India derived? (Average)
16. What is the total area of India? (Average)
17. Which latitude passes through the middle of India? (Average)
18. What is the total length of the coastline of the mainland of India? (Easy)
19. Which is the highest mountain peak in the world? (Easy)
20. In which part of the Asian continent is India situated? (Average)
21. In which hemisphere of the earth is India located? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two-three sentences each. (2/3/4 marks questions)
22. Name the hill stations of Himachal/Middle Himalayas. (Difficult)
23. Which are the major Physical divisions of India? (Difficult)
24. How does the peninsular plateau play an important role in the economic development of the country?
(Easy)

21

25.What are the difference between Eastern and Western Ghats? (Average)
26. How are the Himalayas useful for Indians? OR The Himalayan mountains have influenced the life of
Indians to a greater extent “Justify this statement”? (SLP 2020 June 2023) (Average)
27. Explain the extent of the peninsular plateau? (Difficult)
28. Write about the Shivalik range. (Average)
IV. 29. Mark the following in the map of India provided to you. (Average)
A) Indira Col. (SLP 2020, June 2025) B) Nilgiri hills (MQP-1. 21-22) C) Bay of Bengal
D) 82o.30lEast longitude (June 22 Mar/Apl 23. Mar/Apl 2025 June2025)
E) Tropic of Cancer / 230.30l North latitudes (April 2022, June2024, Aug 2024)
F) Indira Point G) Palk Strait
30. Mark the following in the map of India provided to you. (Average)
A) Vindhyan Mountain Ranges (SLP 2020) B) Aravalli hills
C) Konkan Coast (Mar/ April 2024) D) Coromandel Coast (SLP 2025)
E) K2 Mountain / Mt. Godwin Austin F) Malabar coast (model 2, 21-22) G) Utkal coast

Chapter 11
INDIA – SEASONS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national All Questions
development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 3 17 8 28
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.The eastern parts of western ghats get less rainfall than the western parts because (Difficult)
A) It is in the windward side B) They are in rain shadow regions
C) They get heavy snow fall D) There is desert
2. During the Retreating Monsoon season cyclones occur in the Bay of Bengal due to (Difficult)
A) Difference in temperature and pressure between land and sea
B) Vertical rays of sun cause increase in temperature in the northern hemisphere
C) These areas lie high from the sea level D) North Indian areas are far away from the sea
3. The rain fall that occurs due to the local temperature and conventional currents during April and May in
West Bengal is called (Average)
A) Andhis B) Kala Baisakhi C) Coffee Blossoms D) Mango Showers
4.The rain fall which occurs due to the local temperature and conventional currents during April and May in
Uttar Pradesh is called
A) Andhis B) Kala Baisakhi C) Coffee Blossoms D) Mango Showers
5.The rain fall which occurs due to the local temperature and conventional currents during April and May in
Kerala is called (Average)
A) Andhis B) Kala Baisakhi C) Coffee Blossoms D) Mango Showers
6.The rain fall which occurs due to the local temperature and conventional currents during April and May in
Karnataka is called (Average)
A) Andhis B) Kala Baisakhi C) Coffee Blossoms D) Mango Showers
7. The period of Retreating Monsoons season in India (Average)
A) March - May B) June- September C) October- November D) December- February
8. The average annual rainfall that India receives is (Difficult)
A) 75 cms B) 118 cms C) 250 cms D) 50 cms
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
9. What is the reason for the high temperature in North India during summer? (Average)

22

10. What is the reason for the conventional rainfall that occurs in the month of April and May? (April-2023)
(Difficult)
11. Mention the cooler regions in India during Summer season. (Average)
12. Which are the two branches of the Southwest monsoons? (June-2015) (Average)
13. Which state does not receive rain during the Southwest monsoon season? (Average)
14. Which is the season of lowest rainfall in India? (Average)
15. Why does western sides of western ghats receive heavy rain fall? (Difficult)
16. Which place of India has recorded highest temperature? (Easy)
17. Which place in India receives the highest rainfall? (Easy)
18. Which region receives the lowest rainfall in India? (June-2023) (Easy)
19. What is the reason for cyclones that occur in Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal during the retreating monsoon
season? (Difficult)
20. ‘The temperature is lower in South India than in North India during Summer season’ why? (Difficult)
21. Which type of climate India experiences? /What type of climate India has? (Average)
22. Which rainfall occurs due to the local temperature and convectional current? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in three to four sentences / Points each.
23.Which are the main climatic seasons of India? (April-2022) (Average)
24.Which factors mainly influence the climate of India? (June-2018) (Average)
25.What are the reasons for the South West monsoons to recede in October? (Difficult)
26. Which are the regions that receive heavy rainfall in India? (Average)
27.“Indian agriculture is a gambling with the monsoons” Justify. (April-2015, 2017, 2018, June-2017)
(Average)
IV 28. Mark the following in the map of India provided to you. (Average)
A) Thar desert B) Ruyli C) Ganga Nagar D) Mawsynram

Chapter 12
INDIA – SOILS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 7 15 6 28
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.The Soil extensively spread most in the Peninsular plateau (April -2024) (Average)
(a) Black soil (b) Red soil (c) Alluvial soil (d) Desert soil
2.The most extensively spread soil in India (Average)
(a) Mountain soil (b) Black soil (c) Alluvial soil (d) Red soil
3. The soil which is also called as Regur Soil(A-2018) (Easy)
(a) Black soil (b) Desert soil (c) Laterite soil (d) Alluvial soil
4. The most suitable soil for dry farming (Easy)
(a) Red soil (b) Black soil (c) Alluvial soil (d) Desert soil
5. The Soil most suitable for growing millet, tobacco, oilseeds (Easy)
(a) Red soil (b) Mountain soil (c) Black soil (d) Alluvial soil
6. Deficiency of Nitrogen and minerals is found in (Difficult)
(a) Black soil (b) Laterite soil (c) Red soil (d) Mountain soil
7. The soil largely found in Rajasthan (A-2018) (Easy)
(a) Desert soil (b) Alluvial soil (c) Black soil (d) Mountain soil

23

8. Decayed organic matter is abundantly found in (Average)
(a) Mountain soil (b) Red soil (c) black soil (d) Laterite soil
9. The Soil found in areas with more than 200 cm of rainfall (Average)
(a) Red soil (b) Black soil (c) Desert soil (d) Laterite soil
10. The soil found in the Deccan Trap region (June-2016) (Average)
(a) Black soil (b) Laterite soil (c) Red soil (d) Desert soil
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
11. Why is black soil called ‘Black cotton soil’? (A-2019) (Easy)
12. Why does black soil retain moisture for a long time? (July-2021) (Average)
13. Why is laterite soil mostly found in the Western Ghats of India? (Difficult)
14. What is meant by soil erosion? (Easy)
15. What is soil conservation? (Easy)
16. How is laterite soil formed? (Sep-2020) (Average)
17. Recently, the storage capacity of our reservoirs is decreasing. Why? (Jun-2016) (Average)
18. Which types of soils are found in the Himalayan mountains? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four/six sentences each. (2/3 marks questions)
19. What are the causes for soil erosion? (2015, 2018, 2022, 2020, Mar-2024) (Average)
20. Which are the characteristics of mountain soil? (Average)
21. Write briefly about Red soil. / Explain the features of Red soil. (Average)
22. Why is laterite soil Red in colour? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six / Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks questions)
23. Conservation of soil is very essential. Why? / Soil erosion creates many problems. How? / What are the
effects of soil erosion (2017, 2017, 2020) (Average)
24. How is Black soil different from Laterite soil? /What are the differences between Black soil and Laterite
soil? (Difficult)
25. Which are the major soils found in India? (Average)
26. How is desert soil different from alluvial soil? / What are the differences between Desert soil and Alluvial
soil? (Difficult)
27. How is Black soil different from Red soil? What are the differences between Black soil and Red Soil?
(Difficult)
28. How can we prevent soil erosion? (April-2015, April-2016, Mar-2021, Jun-2023, P1-2025) (Average)
Chapter 13
INDIA FOREST RESOURCES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national All Questions
development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 7 14 9 30
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. Sundarbans are found in (A-2019, A-2022) (Average)
(A) River delta of Narmada (B) River delta of Ganga (C) River delta of Indus (D) River delta of Godavari
2. The most widespread forest in India (Average)
(A) Deciduous monsoon forests (B) Evergreen forests (C) Mangrove forests (D) Tropical grassland forests
3. The type of forests found in Himalayas (Average)
(A) Mangrove forests (B) Desert forests (C) Deciduous monsoon forests (D) Alpine forests

24

4. The forests with the plants which have deep roots and thrones are (Average)
(A) Desert forests (B) Mangrove forests (C) Evergreen forests (D) Alpine forests
5. The state which has the highest forest area in India (April -2019) (Easy)
(A) Haryana (B) Karnataka (C) Maharashtra (D) Madhya Pradesh
6. The state which has the lowest area under forest in India (Easy)
(A) Rajasthan (B) Haryana (C) Bihar (D) Kerala
7. Types of forests found in estuaries and lowlands (Average)
(A) Desert forests (B) Alpine forests (C) Tropical grassland forests (D) Mangrove forests
8. India’s first biosphere reserve (Difficult)
(A) Sundarbans (B) Manas (C) Nilgiri (D) Nanda Devi
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
9. Why are the mangrove forests of the Gangetic delta called Sundarbans? (A-2023) (Easy)
10. What is natural vegetation or forest? (Easy)
11. Deciduous forests are called ‘Deciduous monsoon forests’ in India. Why? (2020, 2022) (Average)
12. Which forest has Babool, Seesum, Sabhai grass? (Easy)
13. What is conservation of forest? (Easy)
14. Why are wildlife sanctuaries created in India? (Difficult)
15. Which is the first National Park established in India? (Average)
16. Why are biosphere reserves created in India? (Difficult)
17. According to the National Forest Policy, how much of forest area is required for a healthy environment?
(Average)
18. In which state is Jim Corbett National Park located? (Average)
19. What is the total area of forests in India? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
20. Which are the plants found in the alpine forests of the Himalayas? (April-2018) (Difficult)
21. Explain the distribution of mangrove forests in India. (Mar-2-2021) (Difficult)
22. State the characteristics of deciduous monsoon forests in India. (A-2017) (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six /Eight sentences / points each. (3/4 questions)
23. How are Evergreen forests different from Deciduous forests? (A-2016)/What are the differences between
Evergreen forests and Deciduous forests? (Difficult)
24. In recent years, forest areas have been decreasing. Why? / What are the causes for deforestation?
Conservation of forests is most important, Why? (Sep-2020) (Average)
25. Which are the types of forests found in India? (Jun-2016) (Easy)
26. Mention the difference between tropical grassland forests and desert forests. (A-2015, P1-2024) (Difficult)
27. Name the important wildlife sanctuaries of India. (Difficult)
28. Which are the important National parks of India? (Difficult)
29. Forests are a very useful resources for us and the environment. Justify. / What is the importance of forests?
(Average)
30. How can we protect forests? / What are the methods of conservation of forests? (Jun-2015, Jun-2017,
Mar-2019, Mar-2020, Jun-2023, Mar2-2024, Mar3-2024) (Average)
Chapter 14
INDIA- WATER RESOURCES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 13 6 28
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1) The country that has largest irrigated area in the world (Average)
A) Russia B) China C) India D) United states of America
2) The state which has largest tank irrigation in India (Average)
25

A) Tamil Nadu B) Karnataka C) Bihar D) Andhra Pradesh
3) First multipurpose river valley project of independent India (Average)
A) Bhakra Nangal B) Damodar C) Kosi D) Hirakud
4) The dam built across river Mahanadi is (Average)
A) Hirakud B) Bhakra Nangal C) Tehri D) Nagarjuna Sagar
5) The river which was known as the "Sorrow of Bihar" (Easy)
A) River Sutlej B) River Kosi C) River Krishna D) River Mahanadi
6) Nagarjuna Sagar Dam has been built across the river (Average)
A) Damodar B) Krishna C) Kosi D) Tungabhadra
7) The major multipurpose river valley project in Odisha (June-2021) (Average)
A) Hirakud B) Bhakra Nangal C) Kosi D) Nagarjuna Sagar
8) Multipurpose river valley project built across Sutlej River (Jun-2023) (Average)
A) Bhakra Nangal B) Hirakud C) Kosi D) Nagarjuna Sagar
9) National Power Grid has been established with an intention to (Difficult)
A) Provide electricity to poor people B) Supply electricity to industries
C) Supply power from surplus states to deficit states D) Import electricity
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
10. What is irrigation? (Easy)
11. Which is the highest dam in India? (Easy)
12. Which is the joint multi-purpose river valley project of India and Nepal? (Easy)
13. What is rain water harvesting? (Mar-2024) (Easy)
14. How can be under groundwater recharged? (Difficult)
15. Why was River Damodar called the sorrow of Bengal? (Average)
16. What is National Power Grid? (Difficult)
17. Which river was known as ‘Sorrow of West Bengal’? (Easy)
18. Which is the major multi-Purpose river valley project of Karnataka. (Easy)
19. In which district of Karnataka is the Pampasagara Reservoir located? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in 2-4 sentences each.
20. Which are the types of irrigation? (Easy)
21. Why is Well irrigation the most important irrigation system? (Difficult)
22. What are the differences between perennial canals and flood canals? (Difficult)
23.Why is rainwater harvesting mandatory? (Average)
24. Name the hydroelectric power projects of Karnataka. (Average)
IV. Answer the following question in six sentences each. (3/4 marks questions)
25. What are the methods of rainwater harvesting? (Average)
26. Why is irrigation necessary in India? (March-2019) (Difficult)
27. What are the objectives of multi-purpose river valley projects? (Average)
28. Mark the following River valley projects in the map of India provided to you. (Average)
a) Bhakra Nangal / Govinda Sagara (June-2021)
b) Kosi River valley Project / Hanuman Nagar (A- 2016,2017)
c) Narmada Project (A-2016, June-2020)
d) Hirakud Project (W-2 2024, W-3 2024)
e) Damodar Project (June-2015,2023)
f) Upper Krishna Project Lal Bahadur Shastri reservoir /Basavasagara
g) Tungabhadra/ Pampasagara (Ma- 2021A 2022)
h) Nagarjunasagar Project (A 2015, 2018)

26

Chapter 25
INDIA - LAND USE AND AGRICULTURE
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 16 5 30
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer with along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The state that grows paddy in large quantity in India (Average)
A) Bihar B) Uttar Pradesh C) West Bengal D) Karnataka
2. The state which is known as the granary of wheat (Easy)
A) Punjab B) Gujarat C) Tamil Nadu D) Madhya Pradesh
3.This type of farming that has been banned in the modern days (Easy)
A) Intensive farming B) Commercial Farming C) Shifting cultivation D) Mixed Farming
4. The type of farming in which crops are grown for trading purposes (Sep-2021) (Easy)
A) Subsistence farming B) Commercial farming C) Shifting farming D) Fixed farming
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
5. What is land use? (Easy)
6. What is meant by Golden Revolution? (Average)
7. Land which was earlier used for agriculture is now left uncultivated. Why? (Difficult)
8. What is floriculture? (Average)
9. Which is the major tobacco marketing centre of Karnataka? (Average)
10. What is Rabi farming? (Easy)
11. What is intensive farming? (Mar- 2019,2024) (Easy)
12. What is subsistence farming? (Jun- 2016) (Easy)
13. What is mixed farming? (Jun-2015) (Average)
14. Why does the cultivation of Paddy require flat land? (Average)
15. What is Zaid forming? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each. (2/3 marks questions)
16. Which are the cropping seasons of India? (Average)
17. How is the cultivation of Paddy different from the cultivation of Wheat? (Difficult)
18. What are the climatic conditions required for the cultivation of cotton? (Average)
19. How has horticulture and floriculture helped the development of Indian farmers? (Difficult)
20. Which are the facilities available for the growth of horticulture in India? (Average)
21. Explain Kharif season crop. (Average)
22. Mention the geographical factors required for the cultivation of paddy. (Average)
23. Mention the Natural and Social factors which influence the cropping pattern in India. (Average)
24. Cotton is the most important fibre crop in India. Why? (Difficult)
25. What are the factors essential for growing Tea? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six /Eight sentences or Points each. (3/4 marks questions)
26. Land use is influenced by many factors. Justify. (Difficult)
27. Which are the types of land use in India? (Easy)
28. Which are the major types of agriculture found in India? (Average)
29. Explain the importance of agriculture. (Average)
30. What are the factors that determine cropping pattern in India? (Average)

27

Chapter 26
INDIA – MINERAL AND POWER RESOURCES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 10 6 25
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. India's largest oil deposit (Easy)
A) Digboi B) Ankaleshwar C) Bombay High D) Nahar Katia
2. The energy resource called as ‘liquid gold' is (Easy)
A) Coal B) Mica C) Petroleum D) Nuclear power
3. An example for conventional energy resource among these is (Average)
A) Petroleum B) Solar energy C) Geothermal energy D) Wind energy
4. The metal known as ‘Kage Bangara ’in Kannada (Easy)
A) Mica B) Bauxite C) Gold D) Manganese
5. The important solar plant established in Tumkur district of Karnataka state is at (Average)
A) Koratagere B) Madhugiri C) Pavagada D) Kunigal
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. Why is petroleum called liquid gold? (Average)
7. Which atomic mineral is used as moderator in Nuclear Reactors? (Difficult)
8. Why is the export of Mica reduced in recent days? (Difficult)
9. Why is aluminium called the wonder metal of the 20th century? (Average)
10. Which metal is used as a medium for international value determination? (Average)
11. Which mine produces the highest amount of gold in India? (Difficult)
12. Where was petroleum discovered for the first time in India? (Average)
13. What is global warming? (Difficult)
14. Why is coal called as black diamond? (Average)
15. Where was the first solar power generation station set up in India? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two sentences each.
16. Mention the uses of coal. (Easy)
17. The use of non-conventional energy resources is essential Justify. / It is necessary to reduce the use of
conventional energy sources today. Justify? (April-2016) (Difficult)
18. Mention the types of manganese ore. (Difficult)
19. Manganese has multiple uses. Justify. (Average)
20. What are the important mineral resources available in India? (Easy)
21. Which are the important atomic minerals? (Easy)
22. What are non-conventional energy resources? (Easy)
IV. Answer the following questions in six sentences each.
23. What are the uses of Mica? (Average)
24. Give your own suggestions to overcome the scarcity of Energy resources (April-2018) (Average)
V. 25. Mark the following places in the Indian map provided to you. (Average)
A) Bombay High B) Surath C) Kaiga D) Narora E) Ranapratapa Sagara F) Tarapur G) Kalpakam

28

Chapter 27
INDIA TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 16 5 30
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer with along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The sea port which is known as the 'Gateway of India' (July-2021) (Easy)
A) Kolkata B) New Mangalore C) Goa D) Mumbai
2. The 'Tea Port of India' (June 2024) (Easy)
A) Mumbai B) New Mangalore C) Marmagoa D) Kolkata
3. The longest national highway in India (Average)
A) National Highway 44 B) National Highway 37 C) National Highway 47 D) National Highway 54
4. Natural port located in Andhra Pradesh (Easy)
A) Chennai B) Mumbai C) Marmagoa D) Vishakhapatnam
5. The technology which is known as path finder (Easy)
A) GPS B) GIS C) RT D) RST
6. The regional and independent GPS system of India is (Easy)
A) Map info B) Swadeshi C) Navic D) Arc info
7. The country which has highest road in the world (Difficult)
A) China B) Russia C) France D) India
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
8. What is transport? (Average)
9. In which place of India is world’s highest road constructed? (Easy)
10. In which year was NHAI established? (Difficult)
11. What is remote sensing technology? (Difficult)
12. Why did Government of India construct a new port at Navasheva? (Average)
13. What is mass media? (Average)
14. Which transport is very important for the development of villages and agriculture? (Average)
15. What is meant by the Golden Quadrilateral Project? (Average)
16. What is the name of International Airport in Bengaluru? (Easy)
III. Answer the following questions in two/four sentences each.
17. Name the types of transport? (Easy)
18. What are the main types of roads based on construction and maintenance in India? (Average)
19. Explain the importance of railway transport. (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six / Eight sentences or Points each.
20. Explain the benefits of Road transport? / Explain the importance of Road transport in the development of
a country) (April-2018, June-2022) (Easy)
21. What are the problems of road transport in India? (June-2018, 2018) (Average)
22. List out the sea ports on the East coast of India. (Average)
23. List out the sea ports on the West coast of India. (Average)
24. Explain the importance of communication (April-2016) (Difficult)
25. Explain the uses of GIS system. (Average)
26. What are the uses of GPS technology? / GPS is multipurpose technology Justify. (Average)
27. Explain the uses of Remote Sensing Technology. (Difficult)
28. Mention the important types of communication. (Easy)
V. 29. Mark the major Sea ports in the map of India provided to you. (Average)
30. Mark the major Air ports in the map of India provided to you. (Average)

29

Chapter 28
INDIA - MAJOR INDUSTRIES
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Describes India’s location, Indian geographical features, natural
8 All Questions
resources, climate, transport, and the resources of national development.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 9 11 8 28
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The first steel industry in India was established in (Average)
A. Serampur B. Salem C. Bhadravathi D. Kulti
2. The place which is called Manchester/Cottonopolis of India (September 2021) (Easy)
A. Davangere B. Mumbai C. Coimbatore D. Salem
3. The Silicon Valley of India (June 2017, 2023) (Easy)
A. Bangalore B. Delhi C. Mysore D. Hyderabad
4. The ISRO was established in the year (Average)
A.1961 B.1976 C.1969 D.1950
5. The first country to land near the south pole of the moon (Easy)
A. America B. China C. Japan D. India
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
6. What is industrial Zone? (June 2015) (Average)
7. Iron and steel industry is called basic industry. Why? (Average)
8. What is textile industry? (Average)
9. Why is Mumbai in Maharashtra called Manchester of India? (June 2018) (Easy)
10. Where was India's first paper industry established? (Easy)
11. Which is the rapidly growing industry in present days ij India? (Average)
12. What is knowledge-based industry? (Average)
13. Why did knowledge-based industry get its name? (Difficult)
14. Why did the Indian government establish software technology parks? (Difficult)
15. Why is Bangalore called the Silicon Valley of India? (Average)
16. Where is the head office of ISRO located? (Easy)
17. Who was the first chairman of ISRO? (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each.
18. Mention the major achievements of ISRO. (Average)
19. What are the raw materials used in the paper industry? (Difficult)
IV. Answer the following questions in six/eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks Questions)
20. Industries play a very important role in human economic activities. How? (March 2020) (Average)
21. Biotechnology started a great revolution in the field of agriculture. Justify. (Difficult)
V. Answer the following questions in eight to ten sentences or points each. (3/4 marks Questions)
22. Industries in India are located only in a few areas. Why? / Many factors influence the location of
industries. Justify. (Easy)
23. Name the major iron and steel industries in India. (June 2015, April 2016, June 2016, 2017, 2022, April)
(Average)
24. Which are the major industrial Zones of India? (April 2017, 2024) (Average)
25. What are the changes brought about by the use of Advanced technology in India? (Difficult)
26. Analyse the growth and importance of Bio-Technology in India. (Difficult)
27. Maximum number of sugar industries are located in the region of Ganga River plain. Justify. (Difficult)

30

VI. Mark the following places in the Indian map provided to you. (Average)
28. A. Bhadravati - June 2023, April 2018 B. Durgapur C. Surat D. Davangere E. Bokaro
F. Burnpur G. Salem H. Kanpur I. Tata Iron and steel Industry J. Rourkela
Chapter 29
INDIA- NATURAL DISASTERS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands the causes and effects of natural disasters in India and
9 All Questions
suggest precautionary measures.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 23 4 32
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer with along with its letter of alphabet.
1. Recently, cyclones have occurred in the Arabian Sea also because (Difficult)
A. Dams B. Change in the course of rivers C. Mining D. Global warming
2. Precautionary measure for floods among the following is (September 2021) (Average)
A. Use of good quality building materials B. Ban on high-rise buildings
C. Restriction of excessive mining D. Afforestation
3. Walls should be built on both sides of the river because, (Average)
A. To prevent erosion B. To control floods C. To prevent earthquakes D. To prevent landslides
4. Type of forests grown to control Coastal erosion (September 2021) (Average)
A. Monsoon type forest B. Evergreen Forest C. Alpine Forest of Himalayas D. Mangrove Forest
5. The state where coastal erosion is most common (April 2016) (Average)
A. Tamil Nadu B. Andhra Pradesh C. Kerala D. Odisha
6. Forests should be grown in watershed areas because (Difficult)
A. To control floods B. To control cyclones C. To avoid landslides D. To avoid earthquakes
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
7. What is the main reason for the occurrence of cyclones? (Average)
8. What are floods? (Average)
9. Landslides are common in mining areas. Why? (April 2016) (Difficult)
10. What is a landslide? (Average)
11. What is coastal erosion? (Average)
12. What is an earthquake? (Easy)
13. What are natural disasters? (Easy)
14. Coastal erosion is more common in the West coast. Why? (April 2017) (Average)
15. Why should we grow mangrove forests along the coast? (April 2017, 2018) (Difficult)
16. Which states of India are most affected by cyclones? (April 2018) (Easy)
III. Answer the following questions in two to four sentences each. (2/3 marks questions)
17. List out the flood control measures. (Average)
18. What are the effects of landslides? (Average)
19. What are the effects of coastal erosion? (Average)
20. What are the measures to manage coastal erosion? (June 2017) (Average)
21. List the causes of earthquakes. (2024) (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six / Eight Sentences or Points each. (3/4 marks questions)
22. What are the effects of cyclones. /’Cyclones are most destructive’. Justify. (April 2022, 2024) (Average)
23. What are the measures that can be taken to combat cyclones? (April 2024) (Average)
24. What are the causes of floods? (June 2016, 2019) (Average)

31

25. What are the causes of landslides? (June 2015) (Average)
26. Mention the effects of earthquakes. / How are earthquakes destructive? (April 2024) (Average)
27. List out the precautionary measures for earthquakes. / How can be the effects of earthquake reduced?
(April 2023) (Average)
28. Mention the effects of floods. (April, June 2022) (Average)
29. Explain that human activities that cause floods and landslides. (September 2020) (Difficult)
30. Which are natural disasters? (April 2015) (Easy)
31. What are the measures to be taken during natural disasters? (Average)
VI. 32. Mark the following places in the Indian map provided to you. (Average)
A. Koyna B. Latur E. Kanyakumari F. Shillong

Chapter 15
ECONOMY AND GOVERNMENT
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Identifies her/his role in the development of India’s economy,
11 All Questions
Expresses the role of governments in development at various levels.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 13 6 24
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The Father of Green Revolution in India (June-2016, R.P.-23, Exam 1, 2,3-24) (Easy)
A) Dr. Norman Borlaug B) Verghese Kurien
C) Dr. M. S. Swaminathan D) Sir. M.Visveswaraiah
2. While the NITI Aayog is headed by the Prime Minister, its day-to-day administration is looked after by
(Average)
A) President B) Secretariate C) Deputy Prime Minister D) Vice-Chairman
3. In the Eleventh Five-Year Plan priority was given to (Average)
A) Agriculture B) Inclusive growth C) Education D) Industry
4. The body which approves five-year plans in India (Average)
A) National Development Council B) Planning Commission C) NITI Ayog D) Social welfare commission
5. The organization which prepares the five-year plans in India is (Average)
A) National Development Council B) Finance Commission
C) NITI Aayog D) Planning Commission of India
6. NITI Aayog was started in (Average)
A) 1947 B) 1950 C) 2005 D) 2015
7. The chairman of NITI Aayog is (Easy)
A) President B) Secretariate C) Prime Minister D) Finance minister
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
8. What is economic stability? (Difficult)
9. What is meant by social justice? (Average)
10. What is economic planning? (Difficult)
11. Why is Sir M Visvesvaraiah called the ‘Father of Indian Economic Planning’? (June18) (Average)
12. What is Green Revolution? (Easy)
13. What is ‘Post-harvest Technology’? (June-17, 2017) (Average)
14. What is ‘Second Green Revolution’ or ‘Perpetual Green Revolution’? (Average)
III. Write the answers to the following questions in four sentences/points each.
32

15. Write the objectives of the Five-Year Plans. (June-2018, 2023, Exam-3-2024, 2018) (Average)
16. What are the objectives of NITI Aayog? (Difficult)
17. Why was ‘Perpetual Green Revolution’ started? (Difficult)
18. Which measures were taken to solve the problems arose by increase of agricultural products due to the
green revolution / Explain about Post- Harvest Technology. (Difficult)
19. How has the role of governments increased in welfare states? (Difficult)
20. What are the remedies for the problems faced by the agricultural sector? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)
21. List the achievements of Five-Year Plans. (April 2024) / India achieved progress due to the
implementation of five years plan. Justify. (Easy)
22. What are the factors that led to the Green Revolution? (April-2023, Exam-1-2024, Model-2023, 2024)
(Easy)
23. How is Pre-harvest technology different from Post-harvest technology? (Average)
24. Five-Year Plans failed to achieve complete development. Explain. (Average)
Chapter 30
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Identifies her/his role in the development of India’s economy,
11 All Questions
Expresses the role of governments in development at various levels.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 7 9 4 20
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The contribution of the primary sector to the national income is (Easy)
A. Increasing B. Decreasing C. Constant D. Nill
2. The real development of India is the development of villages is said by (April 2015, April 2017, April 2018,
September 21, March 2021, July 2022) (Easy)
A. Mahatma Gandhiji B. Sir M. Visveswaraiah C. Jawaharlal Nehru D. Dr. B R Ambedkar
3. The Panchayat Raj system has been implemented through this Constitutional amendment (September 2021,
April 2019, Model 2019,2021, April 2019) (Easy)
A. 42nd amendment B. 46th amendment C. 73rdamendment D. 74thamendment
4. The system brought into practice as per the 73rd amendment (April 2022) (Easy)
A. Two tier system B. Three tier system C. Single tier system D. Four tier system
5. Panchayat Raj institutions function under the principles of (Average)
A. Socialist B. Democracy C. Autocratic D. Monarchy
6. This scheme is to develop the basic amenities of villages (Model 2024) (Difficult)
A. MGNREGA. B. Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarajgar Yojana
C. Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana. D. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana
7. The scheme to organize the rural poor women and make them economically self-reliant (Average)
A. Stree Shakti B. Sukanya Samriddhi C. Stree Samriddhi D. Stree Abyudaya
8. The idea of Gram Swarajya is given by (July 2021) (Easy)
A. Jawaharlal Nehru B. Bala Gangadhar Tilak C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel D. Mahatma Gandhiji
9. The scheme launched to provide houses to houseless people (Easy)
A) Ashraya Yojana B) Sandhya Suraksha C) Sukanya Samriddhi D) Jawahar Rozgar
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
10. Mention the meaning of rural development. (Model 3-2025) (Average)

33

11. What is Gram Swarajya? (July 2021) (Average)
12. What is decentralization of power? (Exam 2- 2024, Rapoo-2022, Model 2022) (Average)
13. Name a government scheme that provides employment. (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in two/four sentences/points each. (2 marks)
14. Name the three levels of Panchayat Raj institutions. (Easy)
15. Mention any four housing programmes launched by the government. (Easy)
IV. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences/points each. (3/4 Marks)
16. Explain the economic conditions of rural India. (Average)
17. Explain the importance of rural development (April 2015 April 2016 April 2018, Exam-3 (20124,
S.Pr-2016, 2017, 2018. Model 1- 2021) (Average)
18. Explain the role of panchayat raj institutions in rural development? /How is Panchayath Raj system helpful
in the rural development. (June 2017, 2018, 2023.Exam2- 2024, 2023,2024. Model 1,2-2020) (Average)
19. Explain the role of woman self-help groups in women empowerment. (June 2020 April 2023 Model-2021)
(Difficult)
20. Explain Gandhiji’s concept of ‘Grama Swarajya’ in the light of decentralization. / Decentralization of
power upholds the concept of ‘Grama Swarajya’ of Gandhiji. How? (Difficult)

Chapter 31
PUBLIC FINANCE AND BUDGET
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Explains the forms of money, financial institutions, and the role of
16 finance in development; Also participate themselves (e.g., opening a All Questions
bank account, etc.).
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 16 11 33
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer with along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The financial year in India ends on (June 2017, Exam2- 2024, Report 2018) (Average)
A) April 1 B) January 1 C) March 31 D) December 31
2. The central budget is presented in the Lok Sabha by the (April 2018, April 2016) (Easy)
A. Chief Minister B. Prime Minister C. State Finance Minister D. Union Finance Minister
3. Developing Countries usually present (June 2023) (Difficult)
A. Surplus Budget B. Balanced Budget C. Deficit Budget D. Zero Budget
4. An example for direct tax is (Model 1- 2025) (Average)
A. Import export tax B. Goods and services tax
C. Corporate Tax D. Foreign Travel Tax
5. In India it is mandatory to get approval for the budget before (Model 4- 2025) (Average)
A. April 01 B. January 01 C. March 31 D. December 31
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence/point each.
6. What is Personal finance? (Average)
7. What is Public finance? (Average)
8. What is Budget? (June 2015, June 2018) (Average)
9. What is Deficit budget? (June 2023) (Difficult)
10. Why does a country like India present a deficit budget? (Difficult)
11. Give two examples for social services. (Average)

34

12. Give an example for non-plan expenditure. (Difficult)
13. What is the financial policy followed by government to manage its income, expenditure and debt called?
Average)
14. What is direct tax? (Easy)
15. What is meant by planned-expenditure? (Average)
16. What is internal debt? (Difficult)
17. What is progressive Taxation? (Difficult)
18. What is a tax? (Easy)
19. Express Fiscal deficit in the form of a formula. (Difficult)
20. What is meant by Surplus budget? (Difficult)
III. Answer the following questions in two/Four sentences/ points each. (2 marks)
21. What are the types of budgets? (Easy)
22. What are economic/financial services? (Average)
23. What is tax revenue? Give an example. (Average)
24. What is non-tax revenue? (Average)
25. Give two examples for indirect taxes. (Average)
26. Mention the major direct taxes. (Average)
27. Why does government follow progressive tax policy while imposing Tax? (Difficult)
28. Mention the four kinds of fiscal deficit. (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 marks)
29. What are the differences between Public finance and Personal finance? (June 2015, Exam 2-2024, 2017)
(Difficult)
30. What are the sources of non-tax revenue of the central government? (2015, 2023, 2016, 2019, 2023, 2024)
(Average)
31. Explain the differences between direct and indirect taxes. (Difficult)
32. Explain the importance of Public finance. (June 2017 June 2023, Exam 1-2024, Exam 3-2024,2016)
(Average)
33. List out the planned expenditures of the central government. (Difficult)

Chapter 16
BANKING TRANSACTIONS
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Explains the forms of money, financial institutions, and the role of
16 finance in development; Also participate themselves (e.g., opening a All Questions
bank account, etc.).
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 6 14 3 23
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1. The word 'bank' is derived from the Italian word (Average)
A) Banker B) Banque C) Banco D) Bench
2. The bank which is called as the central bank of India is (Average)
A) Reserve Bank of India B) Syndicate Bank C) State Bank of India D) Commercial Bank
3. The bank account usually opened by Senior citizens and pensioners (Easy)
A) Savings account B) Current account C) Recurring deposit account D) Fixed deposit account
4. An account that can be opened for future needs such as children's marriage, purchase of
valuables, land, car, etc. (June-2024) (Easy)
A) Fixed deposit account B) Recurring deposit account C) Current account D) Savings account
35

5. The department that issues National Savings Certificates (June-2023) (Average)
A) Postal Department B) Agriculture Department C) Financial Department D) Education Department
6. The bank account that allows depositing and withdrawing money as many times as necessary in a day
(June-2022) (Easy)
A) Current account B) Savings account C) Recurring deposit account D) Fixed deposit account
7. The bank account that does not pay interest on deposits and charges a service fees for its services (2023)
(Average)
A) Current account B) Fixed deposit account C) Recurring deposit account D) Savings account
8. Generally, the type of bank account opened by students is (Easy)
A) Recurring deposit account B) Fixed deposit account C) Current account D) Savings account
9. The word ‘Bank’ has been derived from the French word (Average)
A) Banker B) Banque C) Banco D) Bench
10. The deposits for a fixed term can be deposited in (Average)
A) Recurring deposit account B) Term deposit account C) Current account D) Saving account
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
11. Which bank controls the activities of all banks in India? (Average)
12. What is the service that people get from banks to protect their jewellery and valuables? (June-2023)
(Average)
13. Write the expanded form of the ATM (Average)
14. Why is RBI called ‘Bank of banks? (Difficult)
15. How do banks link depositor and borrower? (Difficult)
16. What is a Bank? (Average)
17. Give an example for Nationalised bank. (Average)
III. Answer the following questions in six /eight sentences/points each. (3/4 marks questions)
18. What are the characteristics of banks? (Easy)
19. Mention the types of banks. (Average)
20. What are the functions of bank? / services of banks? / advantages of opening a bank account? (June-2022,
September-2022, April-2023, June-2024, August-2024, April-2025, June-2025) (Average)
21. What are the financial services provided by post offices? (June-2020, April-2024) (Average)
22. Explain the steps of opening a bank account. / How can we open a bank account? (2020, 2022, 2023)
(Difficult)
23. What are the differences between savings account and current account? / How is Savings account different
from current account? (Average)

Chapter 32
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands self-employment opportunities and explain the role of
17 All Questions
entrepreneurship in the country’s development
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 2 8 5 15
I. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
1. From which French word the word entrepreneur has originated? (Easy)
2. Who is an entrepreneur? (Average)
3. What is meant by Entrepreneurship? (Average)
4. In which year were the District Industrial Centres established? (Difficult)
5. What is the objective of establishing District Industrial Centres? (June-2024) (Average)
6. From which language is the word Entreprende derived? (Average)
7. How do Entrepreneurs help to remove regional disparities? (Difficult)
II. Answer the following questions in Six/Eight sentences or points each. (3/4 Marks Questions)

36

8. What are the characteristics of Entrepreneurship/Entrepreneur? / List out the characteristics of a successful
Entrepreneur. (September-2022) (Easy)
9. State the functions of an Entrepreneur (June-2020, June-2023, June-2024, August-2024, April-2025)
(Average)
10. “Entrepreneurship is a creative activity”. Justify this statement. (Difficult)
11. What is the role of an entrepreneur in economic development? /How does entrepreneurs paly an important
role in the economic development of India? Explain the importance of Entrepreneurship. (September-
2020) (Difficult)
12. What are the Self-employment opportunities for entrepreneurship? (Average)
13. List out the financial institutions helpful for self-employment. (Average)
14. Name the promotional organisations of entrepreneurs. (Difficult)
15. What are the services offered by the District Industrial Centers? (Average)

Chapter 33
CONSUMER EDUCATION AND PROTECTION
LO No Learning Outcomes Question Number
Understands consumer protection laws and the protection of consumer
12 All Questions
rights. Lists various consumer forums.
Distribution of Questions based on difficulty level
Difficulty Level Easy Average Difficult Total
No. of Questions 5 11 5 21
I. Four choices are given for each question or incomplete statement. Choose one appropriate
answer from them and write the complete answer along with its letter of alphabet.
1.World Consumer Day is celebrated every year on (April-2024, June-2024) (Easy)
a) 15th September b) 15th January c) 15th December d) 15th March
2.Complaints where the compensation amount is less than one crore should be filed in (2024, 2025) (Average)
a) State Consumer disputes Redressal Commission b) National Consumer disputes Redressal Commission
c) Taluk Consumer disputes Redressal Commission d) District Consumer disputes Redressal Commission
3. The king of the market is (Average)
a) Consumer b) Producer c) Supplier d) Distributor
4. ‘AWARE’ movement was first started at (Average)
a) Chennai b) Kolkata c) Mumbai d) Bengaluru
II. Answer the following questions in a sentence each.
5. What is teleshopping? (April-2024) (Average)
6. What is the need of consumer protection? (Difficult)
7. Who appoints the Chairman of the District Consumer Commission? (Average)
8. In which year did the Consumer Protection Act come into force? (September-2022) (Average)
9. Who is called a consumer? (Easy)
10. What is the main aim of the Consumer Movement? (Difficult)
11. What is the Right of every Consumer? (Easy)
12. What do you call a person who gives goods or services for money? (Average)
III. Write an answer to the following questions in four sentences
13. What are the reasons for exploitation of consumers? (Average)
14. Why is World Consumer Rights Day celebrated every year on 15th March? (June-2024, June- 2020)
(Average)
15. Name the four basic rights given by John F. Kennedy to consumers of America? (Difficult)
16. What are the problems faced by consumer? (Average)

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17. Mention three stages of Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission. (Difficult)
18. Write about the structure of District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission? (Average)
IV. Answer the following questions in six sentence each. (2/3 marks questions)
19. What are the main objectives of the Consumer Protection Act? (August-2024, June-2022, June-2023)
(Average)
20. What are the rights given by Consumers Protection Act to the consumers? / How is consumers protection
act protecting the rights of consumers? (Average)
21. Mention the methods to be followed to file a case in a consumer commission/court? (Average)

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Answers
Chapter 1
THE ADVENT OF EUROPEANS TO INDIA
I.
1. b) Constantinople
2. a) Vasco da Gama
3. b) Francisco de Almeida
4. b) Aix-la-Chapelle
5. d) Faruk Siar
II.
6. Robert Clive
7. The policy to Establish the supremacy over the sea instead of supremacy over land is called the Blue Water
Policy.
8. Ottoman Turks
9. Alfonso de Albuquerque
10. Treaty of Paris
11. Pondicherry
12. Kappad
13. Wynad
14. Travancore
III.
15.
• Turks captured the Constantinople
• All trade routes came under control of Turks
• Started levying too many taxes on trade
• Trade became unprofitable
• European rulers encouraged adventurous sailors
• Compass, Astrolabes, and Gunpowder helped them for voyages
16.
• Robert Clive implemented ‘Dual government’ in Bengal
• British had the right to collect land taxes
• Nawab had the power over administrative issues like justice and others
17.
• War ended with treaty of Pondicherry
• The French recalled Dupleix
• French suffered a political setback
• This war brought laurels to the English.
18
• Eyre Coote defeated the French and captured Bussy
• The French lost their settlements in India
• According to the Treaty of Paris, Pondicherry was returned to the French
• The French lost their importance in South India
19.
• Mir Qasim declared the trade duty free in Bengal
• As a result, The British trade suffered considerably
• They brought in Mir Jaffar again and dethroned Mir Qasim
• Mir Qasim organized a war against British
20.
• The Arab merchants carried Asian merchandise into Constantinople.
• Italian merchants would buy these goods and then sell them in European countries.
21.
• Portuguese
• English
• Dutch
• French
39

IV.
22.
• Allied force was defeated
• Shah Alam-II accorded the Diwani rights over Bengal to the British
• He gave all the rights over Bengal to the British for annual fee of 26 lakhs
• Nawab of Awadh had to pay 50 lakhs as war compensation
• Company paid pension to Mir Jaffar’s son
• Company took the entire administration of Bengal
23.
Causes of the Battle of Plassey
• Misuse of Dastakas
• Mending of the fort without permission
• Black Room Tragedy
Consequences of the Battle of Plassey
• Siraj Ud Daula was defeated
• The war brought out the immorality
• Lack of unity among the Indians
• The greed of Indian businessmen
• Mir Jaffar became the Nawab of Bengal
• Company gained exclusive rights over Bengal
• Mir Jaffar paid 17 Crore 70 Lakh to British
24.
• Marthanda Varma was the ruler of Wynad
• He Protected his kingdom from Dutch
• Shifted capital to Thiruvananthapuram
• Stood against the foreigners who were greedy of pepper
• Dutch declare war on Travancore
• Marthanda Varma’s Army strongly sent it back
• The Dutch suffered huge losses
• He Captured Nedumangada and Kottarakara trading centres.
• He made Travancore as richest province
• Dutch forces surrendered its power to Travancore

Chapter 2
THE EXTENSION OF THE BRITISH RULE
I.
1. B) Salbai
2. B) Wellesley
3. A) Hyderabad
4. D) Pratap Simha
5. A) Dalhousie
6. A) Dalhousie
II.
7. Ranjit Singh
8. The Subsidiary Alliance was a military treaty between the East India Company and the Indian states.
9. Wellesley's battle-thirstiness increased the financial burden on Company this led to his resignation.
10. Death of Ranjit Singh.
11. Madhav Rao II
12. The state concerned should bear the expenses of the army and the wages of soldiers.
13. They installed Pratap Simha the descendant of Shivaji as the ruler of Satara.
III.
14.
• Waging war against new states
• Subsidiary Alliance
• Doctrine of lapse

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15.
• Marathas installed Shah Alam-II on Mughal Empire throne
• Shah Alam gave Koara and Allahabad to Marathas
• This led to the enmity between British and Marathas
• Peshwa Madhava Rao died.
• His brother Narayan Rao was murdered by his uncle Raghobha.
• Infighting started for the post of Peshwa
16.
• Maratha families tried to protect their independence and honour.
• Peshwa attempted to free himself from the clutches of the Company.
• The Peshwa attacked the British Residency in Poona.
• Appa Saheb of Nagpur and Malhar Rao Holkar rebelled against the British.
17.
• British suppressed Marathas.
• They abolished the Peshwa post.
• Granted a pension to Baji Rao II.
• Installed Prathapa simha, descendant of Shivaji as the ruler of Satara.
• Suppressed the Maratha resistance.
18.
• Dalhousie adopted Doctrine of Lapse policy.
• If any Indian king died childless, his adopted son had no right to succession.
• Such a state was included in the British Empire.
• Satara, Jaipur, Sambalpur, Udaipur, Jhansi, Nagpur came under the control of the British.
19.
• Chattar Singh Attariwala in Lahore
• Moolraj in Multan

IV.
20. Jhansi, Sambhalpur, Jaipur, Udaipur, Nagpur, Satara etc
21.
• Wellesley controlled Indian kings by Subsidiary Alliance policy.
• The Indian King had to keep the British Army in his kingdom.
• The state had to bear expenses of the army and wages.
• They had to give certain revenue land.
• The King had to have a British Resident in his Court.
• King could not appoint any other European without the permission of the British.
• To enter any treaty the permission of the Governor General was mandatory.
• In return Company would offer protection to the state.

Chapter 3
THE IMPACT OF THE BRITISH RULE IN INDIA
I.
1. Regulating Act of 1773
2. Cornwallis
3. Dalhousie
4. 1909 Indian Council Act
5. It created a federal system.
6. Cornwallis
7. Macaulay
II.
8. William Bentinck
9. R.M. Bird and James Thompson
10.Taluk
11. To understand the aspirations of Indians, representation was given to Indians.
12. Civil courts of British period.

41

13. Canning
14. To extend the licence of the East India compony
15. Subedar
16. Charles Metcalf
17. Indian Govt Act of 1935.
18. Warren Hastings
19. Edmond Burk
20. 1773
III.
21.
• The number of central legislature members increased from 16 to 60.
• The number of council members also increased in the provinces.
• Members for the legislature was allowed through election for first time.
• Separate Electorate College’ for Muslims was created.
22.
• The British appointed the Indians for the military.
• They took India under their control with the help of the military.
• They protected their supremacy with the help of the military.
• Military was the base of British administration.
23.
• The Bengal province gained control over Madras and Bombay presidencies.
• The Governor General of Bengal became the Governor General of all the three presidencies.
• The Governor General was authorized to direct, exercise control and to supervise over the other two
presidencies
• The Bombay and Madras presidencies could not declare war on anyone or entre into peace agreements
without prior approval of the Governor General of Bengal Presidency
• Only during the acute emergencies, they were entitled to act independently
• According to this Act, Supreme Court was established in Calcutta.
• In this central court, one Chief Justice and three ordinary judges were officiating.
V.
24. Implemented by Alexander Reid and Thomas Munroe
• Promulgated in Madras and Mysore provinces
• There was a direct link between the government and the farmers
• Farmers became owners
• 50 percent share of revenue was fixed
• Farmers were trapped in debt.
25. Indians could develop modernity Secularism, Democracy, Scientific thinking and Nationalistic ideas
developed.
• Local literature & languages developed.
• Periodicals started emerging.
• scrutinized the policies of government.
• New social and religious reformation movements started.
• Thoughts thinkers brought fresh thinking.
• The freedom struggles of globe influenced the Indians.
• Indians could understand their rich tradition.
26. New class of Zamindars was created.
• The farmers became landless.
• Land became a commodity.
• Loans raised by mortgaging the lands.
• Zamindars mortgaged their lands.
• Agriculture sector commercialized.
• Farmers had to grow raw materials needed by industries in England.
• The money lenders became strong.
27. A bicameral legislature was formed at the Centre
• A dual system of government was introduced in the provinces
• A High Commissioner was appointed to India
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• Development of local bodies was encouraged
• The budget of the provinces was separated from the central budget
• The system of separate electoral constituencies was extended to Sikhs, Anglo-Indians and Europeans.
28. This act acted as the base for the formation of Indian Constitution.
• A federal system of Indian states was formed.
• Reserve Bank of India were established.
• Dyarchy was established at the centre.
• Dyarchy was abolished at the provincial level.
• The Federal Court was established.
29. Warren Hastings created two types of courts
• Civil courts called Diwani Adalat
• Criminal courts called Nijamat Adalat
• Hindus were given justice according to Hindu scriptures
• Muslims were given justice according to the Shariyat laws
• European district magistrates were given justice in civil courts
• Criminal courts were given justice by Qajis.

Chapter 4
OPPOSITION TO BRITISH RULE IN KARNATAKA AND WODEYARS OF
MYSORE
I.
1) Basappa Shastri
2) Treaty of Madras
3) Yadagir
4) Nandagadh
5) Hyder Ali was defeated by the British
6) Chamarajendra Wodeyar X
7) Krishna Raj Wodeyar IV
8) Raja Wodeyar
9) Kayo Sri Gowri
10) Yaduraya killed Maranayaka and helped the Queen
II.
11) It is called as Century of political problems
12) Rayanna was being instigated by Rani Chennamma
13) Treaty of Mangalore
14) When British were asked to surrender their firearms. / British banned the usage of weapons.
15) Raja Wodeyar
16) Chamarajendra Wodeyar X
17) Hyder Ali and British.
18) Srirangapattana.
19) Shivalingappa.
20) Sangolli.
21) Farmers Rebellion.
22) In order to select the talented youngsters for various administrative positions.
III.
23)
• He Expanded the small paleyapattu into a large Mysore.
• Srirangapattana was captured from the representative of Vijayanagara.
• Revived the temples of Srirangapattana, Mysore and Melukote
• “Rajamudi” the crown was offered to lord Cheluvanarayana Swamy.
• He started the Navaratri (Dasara) festival of Mysore.
24)
• Sheshadri Iyer had experience of worked in different positions.
• Responsible for many new railway lines.
• He started the Mysore civil services exams.

43

• 'Anti-Child Marriage Prevention Act' was implemented.
• Shimsha Hydro - Electric Power Project started
• Importance was given to irrigation.
• Established 'Maharani Girls High School'.
• He patronised many scholars.
25)
• Tippu signed the Treaty of Srirangapatna with the British
• Tippu gave away half of his kingdom to the British
• Three crore rupees were given as war compensation
• He kept his two children as hostages
• Release of soldiers who were captured
• British army withdrew from Srirangapatna
26)
• Hyder Ali died due to illness.
• The British invaded Mangalore and Bidanoor.
• They tried to instigate the rulers of Calicut and Malabar.
• Tippu decided to protect Mangalore and the coastal regions.
• He defeated the British.
• The ‘Treaty of Mangalore’ ended the Second
• Anglo-Mysore War.
• .
27)
• Tippu died while fighting in battle field.
• British were happy as if the whole India came under their rule.
• Tippu’s territories were shared among the British, Marathas and Hyderabad Nizam.
• A small territory was handed over to representative of Mysore Wadeyars.
• It became Mysore Princely State.
IV
28.
• Venkatappa came to the throne after the death of his father Krishna Nayaka.
• He is presented as the leader of 1857 revolt in Karnataka.
• It came to the notice of government that the representatives of Nana Saheb were present in Surapura.
• This made the British suspicious of King’s intentions.
• The British appointed an officer named Campbell to report on the various activities of the King.
• Report said King is involved in maladministration.
• The British army captured Surapura.
• Venkatappa Nayaka captured and sent to prison.
• There is confusion regarding Venkatappa Nayaka’s end.
29.
• He abolished fees in all primary schools.
• He helped girls’ education.
• He started the university of Mysore.
• Indian Institute of Science was established at Bangalore.
• Attention was given to the development of Irrigation.
• A barrage was constructed across Cauvery.
• New railway lines were started.
• Many small- & large-scale industries were started.
• Iron and Steel Factory, Cement Factory, Paper mills at Bhadravati were started.
• Legislative council was formed.
• Mysore became a ‘Model State’ due to his administration.
• Mahatma Gandhiji called him 'Rajashri'.
30.
• The death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal emperor in 1707 was the main reason.
• His death weakened the Mughal empire.
• Mughal lost political control over South India.
• A lot of political struggles took place in Carnatic region.
44

• British tightened their political grip over India.
• India underwent many political transitions.
• The native rulers opposed British in many ways.
• Various political challenges in Mysuru state.
• Led to Battle of Plassey & Buxar, Anglo - Mysore & Maratha Wars.
31.
• Sangolli Rayanna considered it his primary duty to fight for Kittur
• He fought against the British along with Chennamma
• He organized the soldiers
• He held secret meetings
• He looted the British offices and treasuries
• He followed the strategy of Guerilla method of war against the British
• The British encouraged the Desai’s to capture Rayanna
• Rayanna was arrested by the British
• He was hanged at Nandagadh
32.
• Amarasulya Rebellion was a peasant rebellion
• Aparampara, Kalyanaswamy, and Putta Basappa organized a rebellion against the British
• Puttabasappa announced that taxes on tobacco and salt will be withdrawn
• This gained the support of farmers and landlords
• He took over government offices at Bellare
• He looted the jail and treasury of Bantwal
• He killed the Sulya Amaldhar
• The British captured Puttabasappa and imprisoned him.
33.
• He was an efficient soldier and administrator
• He checked invasion of Shivaji
• He captured Madhugiri, Koratagere and Magadi
• He purchased Bengaluru from Mughal military
• He had the titles like Karnataka Kavichakravarthi, Aprathima Veera, Tenkana Raja and Navakoti
Narayana
• He started the council of ministers
• He introduced Postal system
• He constructed Dam across the river Cauvery
• Patronised Tirumalarya and Sanchi Honnamma
34.
• The death of Chikkadevaraj Wodeyar created various political challenges in Mysuru.
• His death created the problems of succession and administration.
• All these developments clouded the politics of Mysuru.
• Hyder Ali became popular in using arms and experiments.
• He undertook the forces by active military operations.
• He suppressed Dalvoys.
• He imprisoned Krishna Raja Wodeyar II and took over the power.
35.
• Dondiya was called as the Wagh for his bravery
• Born in Chennagiri
• He was a cavalry soldier in Hyder Ali’s army.
• Due to differences with Tippu, he was imprisoned.
• The British released him after the 4th Anglo Mysore War.
• He organized the army with the unhappy soldiers of Tippu
• Rebelled against British
• Attacked on Shivamogga Harihara and Bidanuru
• Many unhappy palyegars encouraged Dondiya Wagh.
• French extended their support to him.
• The British army followed him in Harihara and Chitradurga
• Recaptured Shikaripura
45

• Wellesley decided to end Dondiya.
• They attacked him near Yelaparavi and killed him at Konagal.
36.
• Halagali is a small village of Mudhol taluk.
• The British banned the usage of weapons.
• Bedas who always kept guns as customs.
• They rebelled against the British.
• When they were asked to surrender their firearms.
• Bedas of Manturu, Boodani, neighbouring villages joined Halagali Bedas.
• The British army entered Halagali to suppress the rebellion.
• They suppressed the Bedas in an inhuman way.
• All the rebels were hanged to death.
Chapter 5
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS REFORM MOVEMENTS
I.
1. B) Prarthana Samaj
2. A) Samavada Kaumudi
3. D) Arya samaj
4. D) Colonel H.S. Olcott and Madam Blavatsky
5. C) Annie Besant
6. C) Dayananda Saraswathi
7. C) Sathya shodhaka Samaj
II.
8. Period of Indian Renaissance
9. E. V Ramaswami Naicker
10. Atmaram Panduranga
11. Jyotiba Phule
12. Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
13. Henry Vivian Derozio
14. To propagate the ideals of his guru Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
15. Narayana Guru
16. Jyotiba Phule
17. M. G. Ranade
18. Syed Ahmed Khan
19. The Academic association
20. Brought sathi prohibition act
21. Dayananda Saraswathi
III.
22.
• During this period, Indians got contact with Western civilization
• English education was made available
• Introduction to the concepts of democracy and nationalism
• Rationalism developed
• Interest in social analysis and reform
• Influenced by Western scholars
• British supported reform movement
• Rajaram Mohan Roy, Dayanand Saraswati, Jyotiba Phule etc. started movements
23.
• Founder of Brahma Samaj
• Known as the ‘father of Indian Renaissance’
• He was proficient in Sanskrit, Arabic, English, French, Greek, Latin
• Studied Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Buddhist religions
• Questioned idol worship
• Said that modern science & English education were necessary

46

• Opposed the exploitation of women
• Fought against Sati system, child marriages
• Supported the Sati Prohibition Act
• Started the newspaper ‘Samvada Kaumudi’
24.
• It demanded for prohibition of liquor
• It opposed the inequality of men and women, denial of human rights, and exploitation.
• It opposed the practices of untouchability
• It led a movement for social justice
• It opened schools for the education of female students
• It condemned slavery
• It advocated free and compulsory education
• It led pro-peasant struggles
25.
• It tried to reform Hindu customs
• Opposed idol worship and polytheism
• Encouraged monotheism
• Condemned sacrificial offerings
• Opposed priesthood
• Helped to create national consciousness among Indians
26.
• Founded the Arya Samaj
• Said that the Vedas are the source of truth and knowledge
• Declared ‘Return to the Vedas’
• Condemned idol worship and caste system
• Encouraged widow remarriage
• Called for the use of swadeshi goods
• Wrote the book ‘Satyartha Prakasha’
• Started the ‘Shuddhi Movement’
• Declared that “India is should be for Indians”
27.
• “Service to humanity is service to the God” was its foundation
• Gave high priority to the spread of education
• Established the Deccan Educational Institute and made efforts for the advancement of education
• Encouraged widow marriage and female education
• Encouraged inter-caste marriage
• Encouraged eating together by people of all castes
• Opposed child marriage and caste system
• Opposed idol worship
• Said that all religions are the symbol of truth
• Established orphanages, national schools, and widows' homes
28.
• He propagated the ideals of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
• Revolutionary monk
• Urged to stop blind following of westerns
• For this he established ‘Ramakrishna Mission’
• He preached the importance of loving life
• He gave importance to social service
• His thoughts influenced leaders like Gandhiji
• He spoke at the Chicago World Religions Conference
• Derived to educate people
• Inspiration to youth
• He advocated tolerance of all religions
• He introduced Indian culture to the world
29.
• Annie Besant was an Irish lady
47

• She started Theosophical Society’s activities in India
• She aroused pride in Indians, through lectures
• Preached equality and universal brotherhood
• Fully supported the freedom movement
• Started newspaper called, 'New India'
• Started the Home Rule Movement 1916
• President of Congress session in 1917
• Contributed to Indian philosophy
• Supported to Indian freedom movement
30.
• Sri Narayana Guru started Dharma Paripalana Yogam movement
• One Caste, One Religion and One God for human beings were the basic idea of this
• Build a society where man can live with dignity
• It aimed at strengthening backward and exploited communities
• Education is the only path to achieve equality
• He built alternate temples for the backward communities
• Started ‘Vaikom Satyagraha Movement’
• Demanded entry for lower caste people in the Shiva temple at Vaikom
• The Satyagraha for entry of untouchables into Guruvayoor temple
• Social resistance movement was started.
31.
•
Started the Non-Brahmin Movement
•
Started the ‘Atma Gaurava (Self Respect) Movement’
•
Self Respect League-1926
•
He rejected the ideas of racial superiority of Aryans and Brahmins
•
He opposed caste and gender discrimination
•
He called Tamil a Dravidian language
•
He opposed Sanskrit language and literature
•
Periyar became the president of the Justice Party in 1939
•
He founded the “Dravidian Kalagam” organization
•
He founded the newspaper ‘Justice’/ Revolt
•
His mission was to form a society of tolerance for all religions
32. Promoting harmony of Eastern and Western ideas
• Transformation of Muslims in their political, social, educational, and religious philosophical beliefs
• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan started Anglo-Oriental College with an intention to provide modern education
to the Muslims
• Providing religious education along with modern education
• Creating a modern society through western education
• Supported female literacy and condemned polygamy and ideas against widow marriage.
33. Spread the message of Equality of All Religion.
• Importance of prayer, yoga practice.
• High importance on social service.
• Propagate the ideas of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa.
• Branches every where in the world
• Belief in idol worship.
• Fusion of ancient, modern & western philosophy.
34. He started Young Bengal Movement.
• He installed the spirit of free enquiry in the
• minds of his students and colleagues.
• He worked towards creating text books to
• inculcate new education system.
• This angered many traditionalists.
• He started ‘Academic Association [1828].
• He advocated of Women Rights
• Opposed caste-based discrimination.

48