NIOS Class 12 Sample Paper 2023 Sociology

Sample Question Paper

Instructions: 1. All questions from Section A are compulsory.
2. From Section B, attempt questions from any One optional

Section A

1. What was the name of the religion propagated by Akbar? 1
2. What are the two sects of Jainism? 1
3. What is the meaning of population explosion? 1
4. Define society. 2
5. Differentiate between primary and secondary groups. 2
6. What is meant by social process? Give two examples 2
7. What are the four attributes of science? 2
8. Name the four varnas found in India 2
9. Write two similarities between Political Sciences and Sociology. 2
10. What do you mean by normlessness? Explain 4
11. What are the four characteristics of competition? 4
12. Explain the concept of family. 4
13. Describe any two patterns of social change. 4
14. Explain the concept of Buddhism. 4
15. What do you understand by communalism? 4
16. Write any four characterization of tribal society. 4
17. Differentiate between caste and class. 4
18. How unity can be maintained in India. 4
19. Describe any four ‘pillars’ of Islam? 4
20. Explain the main causes of poverty in India. 6
21. Describe the development of Sociology in India in your own words. 6
22. What is regionalism? Explain its impact on Indian Society. 6
23. Explain the changes that have taken place in the institution of marriage. 6
24. Discuss in detail the role of technical factors in social change. 6

Section B
Option – I
(Status of Women)

25. What is feminism? 1

26. Distinguish between sex and gender 2

27. What is meant by women’s movement? 2

28. Write a note on sexual harassment at the work place? 4

29. Write about the status of women in medieval period. 6

Option – II
Culture

25. Name the four Vedas. 1

26. What are the two characteristics of culture? 2

27. What is the meaning of Cultural Heritage? 2

28. Explain the concept cultural lag with examples. 4

29. Explain the positive and negative impact of television. 6

Marking Scheme

Section A
1. Din-e-ilahi 1
2. Digambara and Svetambara ½ + ½ =1
3. Increase in population at alarming rate (because of higher birth rate and lower death
rate) 1

4. Web of social relations and ever changing. 1+1=2
5. Direct and personnel relations.
Indirect and impersonal relations.( Any other) 1+1=2

6. Modes of interaction between individuals or groups. Example – cooperation;
conflict, integration etc. 1+ ½+½=2

7. Theoretical; empirical; cumulative and non-ethical. ½x4=2
8. Brahmin
Kshatriya
Vaish
Sudhra ½x4=2

9. Similarities: (1) Both for welfare of society
(2) Scope of study in both is society and its units. 1+1=2

10. Detachment from existing social norms or rules. 1+3=4
11. 1. Impersonal struggle
2. Unconscious activity – at times conscious also
3. Universal
4. Conducive to progress (any other). 1x4=4

12. (i) Basic Units of society. (ii) Minimal form may consist of husband, wife and
children. (iii) In widest sense generations connected by blood, marriage or adoption
(Any four) 1x4=4

13. Linear change;
Cyclical change;
Fluctuating change; (Any two) 2x2=4

14. Enlightened – One who has attained knowledge of life. Particular of life that would
lead to salvation. 4

15. Placing ones own community above others,
Hatred for other religion, fanatism etc. 4

16. Particular area;
Live in forests and hilly area;
Own culture, folklore, belief system
Economically self-sufficient (Any other) 1x4=4

18. Caste Class
Hereditary Non-hereditary
Endogamy Exogamy and endogamy 1x4=4
Based ritual criteria Secular criteria
Close system open system
(Any other)

19. 1. By sacrificing personal interests 1x4=4
2. Tolerance
3. Creating awareness
4. Plural society
(Any other)

20. 1. Muhammed is God’s Prophet 1x4=4
2. Praying 5 times a day
3. Zakat
4. Fasting during Ramadan
5. Performing Haj.
(Any four)

21. (i) Social; (ii) economic, (iii) political, (iv) religions, (v) natural, (vi) physical, (vii)
illiteracy (viii) population explosion. (Any 6) 6

22. Foundation of sociology 1½ x4 =6
From 1769-1900;
From 1901-1950;
Third phase after India’s independence.
(As a whole).

23. Strong feeling of unity among the people of a region based on language, culture
and economic interests.
Impact: Division among different people, violence, favoritism and bias etc.
2+4=6
24. (i) From polygamy to monogamy (ii) inter-caste and inter-religious marriage;
(iii) decrease role of parents in mate selection; (iv) merit of boy or girl important; (v)
higher age of marriage; (vi) easier divorces. (Any other) 1x6=6

25. (i) Modifies customs and traditions; (ii) changes in material materials things;
(iii) division of labours (iv) specialization; (v) manual labour replaced;
(vi) changed quality of production. etc. (Any other) 1x6=6

Section B

Option – I
(Status of Women)

25. An ideology which recognizes the existence of gender inequality and protest
against the same. 1

26. Sex-biological; Gender-social construct. 1+1=2

27. Struggles launched by groups or individual for the liberation of women from
social evils and for establishing equality among men and women. 2

28. Violence which women face in their work place. e.g.
a. Physical contact or advancing in such a manner as to suggest sexual
contact;
b. Coercion or request for sexual favors
c. Use of sexist language
d. Display of Pornographic literature
e. Any physical or oral act, which includes unwanted sexual elements.
(Any four)
1x4=4

29. (i) Purdha system; (ii) seclusion; (iii) sati; (iv) child marriage;(v) ill treatment of
widows; (vi) deprived of education; (vii) low status; 6

Option II
Culture

25. Rig; Yajur; Sama and Athara ¼ x4=1

26. Universal; stable yet dynamoic; learned behaviour; (Any other/two only)
1x2=2
27. The items of culture which are inherited by posterity collectively. 2

28. Ideas, Values and norms & beliefs do not keep pase with changes in
technology of society. 3+1=4

29. Positive: Informative; educative; entertainment; knowledge and
understanding;
Negative: Exposure to sensuality; criminal items; westage of time – affects
studies of students; crime and violence shown. 3+3=6