PSEB 11th Class Syllabus 2027 Chemistry

FOR PUNJAB CLASS 11 PREPARATION

PSEB 11th Class
Syllabus 2027
Chemistry
EXAM YEAR TYPE SUBJECT

Punjab Class 11 2027 Syllabus Chemistry

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

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CLASS-XI

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CHEMISTRY

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Time: 3 Hrs Theory:70 Marks

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Practical: 25 Marks

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INA : 5 Marks
Total: 100 Marks
SYALLBUS (THEORY)
Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry 12 Periods
General Introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry.
Development of Chemistry.

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Nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton's atomic

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theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
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Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass,
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percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical
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reactions,

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stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Unit II: Structure of Atom 14 Periods
Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells,
dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie's relationship, Heisenberg
uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s,

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Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic configuration of atoms,

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stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

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Modern periodic lawla
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Unit III: Classification of Elements and

agelements-atomic radii, ionic, inert gas radii,
and the present form of periodic table,
periodic trends in properties of
linization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency.
Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100
Unit IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 14 Periods
Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters,

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Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic

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bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent

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l as shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital atheory g of homonuclear
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Unit V: Chemical Thermodynamics 16 Periods
Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work,

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heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions. First law of
thermodynamics

internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat,
measurement of

<U and <H, Hess's law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of
bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase
transition, ionization, solution and dilution. Second law of Thermodynamics
(brief introduction). Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibb's energy
change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, criteria for
equilibrium.

Third law of thermodynamics (brief introduction).
Unit-VI: Equilibrium 14 Periods
Equilibrium in physical and chemical process, dynamic nature of equilibrium,
law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium-Le Chatelier's
principle, ionic equilibrium-ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes,
degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH,
Henderson Equation, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, solubility
product, common hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, solubility
product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).

Unit VII: Redox Reactions 06 Periods

Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing
redox reactions, in terms of loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number,
applications of redox reactions.

Unit VIII: Organic Chemistry-Some Basic Principles and Techniques 14 Periods

General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification
and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond:
inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic
fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles,
types of organic reactions.

Unit I X: Hydrocarbons 12 Periods

Classification of Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:

Alanes-Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical
reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.

Alkenes-Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethane), geometrical isomerism, physical
properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water,
hydrogen halides (Markownikov's addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism
of electrophilic addition.

Alynes-Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of
preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of -hydrogen,
halogens, hydrogen halides and water.

Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity,
chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation,
halogenation, Friedel Craft's alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in
monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.

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PRACTICALS
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Evaluation Scheme for Marks

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Examination

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Volumetric Analysis 07

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Salt analysis 07
Content Based Experiment 05
Project Work 03
Class record and viva 03
Total 25

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS Total Periods 60

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Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments. Wherever possible

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such techniques should be used:

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A. Basic Laboratory Techniques

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2. Bendingaa glass tube
1. Cutting glass tube and glass rod

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3. Drawing out a glass jet

4. Boring a cork

B. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances

1. Determination of melting point of an organic compound.

2. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound.

3. Crystallization of impure sample of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate,
Benzoic Acid.

C. Experiments based on pH

(a) Any one of the following experiments:

• Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solution of known
and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal
indicator.
• Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same concentration.
• Study the pH change in the titration of a strong base using universal indicator.
(b) Study the pH change by common-ion in case of weak acids and weak bases.
(d) Chemical Equilibrium
• One of the following experiments:
(a) Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric-ions and thiocyanate ions by
increasing/decreasing the concentration of either of the ions.
(b) Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H2O)6]2+ and chloride ions by changing
the concentration of either of the ions.
E. Quantitative Estimation
i) Using a chemical balance.
ii) Preparation of standard solution of Oxalic acid.
iii) Determination of strength of a given solution of Sodium Hydroxide by titrating it
against standard solution of Oxalic acid.
iv) Preparation of standard solution of Sodium Carbonate.
v) Determination of strength of a given solution of Hydrochloric acid by titrating it
against standard
Sodium Carbonate solution
F. Qualitative Analysis
(a) Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
Cations-Pb2+, Cu2+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, [NH4]+
Anions-[CO3]2-, S2- ,[SO3]2- , [SO4]2-, [NO3]- , Cl, Br, I, [PO4]3- , [C2O4]2-, CH3COO-
(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
(b) Detection of-Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.
PROJECT
Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from
other sources.
A few suggested Projects
• checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing sulphide ion.
• Study of the methods of purification of water.
• Testing the hardness, presence of Iron, Fluoride, chloride, etc., depending
upon the regional variation in drinking water and study of causes of presence
of these ions above permissible limit (if any).
• Investigation of the foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the effect
of addition of Sodium Carbonate on it.
• Study the acidity of different samples of tea leaves.
• Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids.
• Study the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of fibers.
• Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices.
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• Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work,

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can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.

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Practical Examination for Visually Impaired Students

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Note: Same Evaluation scheme and general guidelines for visually impaired
students as given for class XII may be followed.
A. List of apparatus for identification for assessment in practicals (All
experiments)
Beaker, Tripod stand, Wire gauze, glass rod, funnel, filter paper, Bunsen
burner, test tube, test tube stand, dropper, test tube holder, ignition tube,
china dish, tongs, funnel, tripod stand, wire gauze, Bunsen burner, standard

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flask, pipette, burette, conical flask, funnel, clamp stand, dropper, wash bottle,

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filter paper.

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• Odour detection in qualitative analysis

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• Procedure/Setup of the apparatus
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B. List of Experiments
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A. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances
1. Crystallization of an impure sample of any one of the following: copper
sulphate, benzoic acid

B. Experiments based on pH
1. Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices,
solutions of known and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts
using pH paper
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2. Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same
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concentration.

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C. Chemical Equilibrium

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1. Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions
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by increasing/decreasing the concentration of either ions.
2. Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H2O)6]2+ and chloride ions
by changing the concentration of either of the ions.
D. Quantitative estimation
1. Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid.
2. Determination of molarity of a given solution of sodium hydroxide by
titrating it against standard solution of oxalic acid.

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E. Qualitative Analysis

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1. Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt

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2. Cations-[NH]+

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Anions-[CO3]2-, S 2-, [SO3]2-, Cl, CH3COO

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a 3. Detection of Nitrogen in the given organic compound.
4. Detection of Halogen in the given organic compound.

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STRUCTURE OF QUESTION PAPER (PRACTICAL)

Marks: 25
Evaluation Scheme for Examination Marks
Volumetric Analysis 07
Salt Analysis 07
Content Based Experiment 05
Project Work 03
Class record and viva 03
Total 25
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
A. Chemical Kinetics
a. Effect of concentration and temperature on the rate of reaction between sodium
thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid.
b. Study of reaction rates of any one of the following:-

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i. Reaction of iodide ion with hydrogen peroxide at room temperature using

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different concentration of iodide ions.

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ii. Reaction between potassium iodate, KIO3, and sodium sulphite: (Na2 SO3)

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using starch solution as indicator (clock reaction).
B. Thermochemistry: Any one of the following experiments
a. Enthalphy of dissolution of copper sulphate or potassium nitrate.
b. Enthalphy of neutralization of strong acid (HCl) and strong base (NaOH)
c. Determination of enthalpy change during interaction (Hydrogen bond formation)
between acetone and chloroform.

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C. Electrochemistry: Variation of cell potential in Zn/Zn+2IICu+2/Cu with change in
concentrationoof
c. electrolytes (CuSO or ZnSO at room temperature. e m
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a.laSeparation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper
D. Chromatography

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b. Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture
containing two cations only (constituents having wide difference in
Rf, values to be provided).
E. Determination of concentration/morality of KMnO4, solution by

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titrating it against a standard Solution of:

b. Ferrous ammonium sulphate. se
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a. Oxalic acid.

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(Students will be required
weighing themselves).
F. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds
a. Preparation of double salt of ferrous ammonium sulphate or potash alum.
b. Preparation of potassium ferric oxalate.

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G. Preparation of Organic Compounds: Preparation of any two of the following

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compounds

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a. Acetanilide

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d. Aniline yellow òr 2-Napthol aniline dye.
e. Lodoform
H. Test for the functional groups present in organic compounds: Unsaturation,
alcoholic, pheholic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (primary) groups.

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I. Study of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure form and
detection of their presence in given food stuffs.
J. Qualitative analysis: Determination of one catiop and one
anion in a given salt.
Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, M n2+, Zn2+, Co2+, N i2+, Ca2+,
Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+

Anions- \

(Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
PROJECT
Scientific investigations involving laboratory
testing and collecting
information from other sources.
A few suggested Projects
1. Study of presence of oxalate ions in guava fruit at different stages
of ripening.
2. Study of quantity of casein present in different samples of milk.
3. Preparation of soyabean milk and its comparison with the natural
milk with respect to curd formation, effect of temperature etc.
4. Study of the effect of potassium bisulphate as food preservative
under various conditions (temperature, concentration, time etc,)
5. Study of digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of PH
and temperature on it.
6. Comparative study of the rate of fermentation of following
material wheat flour. gram flour, Potato juice, carrot juice etc.
7. Extraction of essential oils present in saunf (aniseed), Ajwain
(carum) illaichi (cardamom).
8. Study of common food adulterants in fat, oil, butter, sugar,
turmeric powder, chilli powder and pepper.
Note: Any investigatory project, which involves about 10
periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the
teacher.

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