Class 12 Sample Paper 2023 Solutions Geography

Class 12 Sample Paper 2023 Solution

Practice Questions – Answer Key
Session – 2022-23
Class-12
Subject: - GEOGRAPHY

SECTION A
There are 17 questions in this section. Questions 15,16 & 17 are Source based questions.

Q.1 B. the North Atlantic Sea Route 1
Q.2 B. economic development 1
Q.3 C. the birth rate in India has been more than the death rate 1
Q.4 A. rural, agrarian -> urban, industrial 1
Q.5 B. high population migration 1
Q.6 A. promotion of utilization of alternative energy resources 1
Q.7 D. It is enforced by the various agencies of the World Bank. 1
Q.8 B. They require lighter capital input for harvesting. 1
Q.9 A. balanced regional development 1
Q.10 B. transport-commercial-industrial 1
Q.11 B. The belt belongs to the oldest rock system in India. 1
Q.12 C. Both A and R are true and R explains A. 1
Q.13 D. socio-cultural diversity 1
Q.14 C. Both A and R are true and R explains A. 1
Q.15 B. Indus 1
Q.16 A. the practice of intensive agriculture 1
Q.17 A. increased moisture retention leads to reduced soil fertility 1
SECTION B
Question numbers 18-23 are short answer type questions.
Question 18 & 19 are source-based questions.
Q.18 a) The one that pollutes pays for its mitigation and damage control. 3

b) treat the effluent before letting them out

c) ensure regular checks of the water, fine the industry in the first instance of
contamination, put measures in place to ensure effluents are treated

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Q.19 -Primitive subsistence agriculture 3
-Environmental pollution due to burning and soil degradation
- any other related environmental concern
-the countries would fall in the category of developing nations
-developed nations largely practice more profitable agriculture based on modern
methods. Agriculture is also not the mainstay of the developed nations

(to be assessed as a whole)

OR

- subsistence agriculture is one in which the farming area consumes all of the
locally grown produce
-Environmental pollution due to burning and soil degradation
- any other related environmental concern

-the countries would fall in the category of developing nations
-developed nations largely practice more profitable agriculture based on modern
methods. Agriculture is also not the mainstay of the developed nations

(to be assessed as a whole)

Q.20 Award one mark for identifying the period. 3
-1927-1974 AD
Award two marks to any two of the following.
-advancement in medical sciences
-improvement in technology for better diagnosis
-improved living conditions with better hygiene
-high employment and production increasing the demand for labour
-any other relevant point

OR

Award one mark for identification.
-option (a) shows the push factor
Award two marks for the reasons.
-fear of oppression and persecution
-evident lack of opportunities
-hostile living conditions
-any other relevant point

Q.21 Award 1 mark each to a description of each type of industry. 3

Public Sector Undertakings
-owned and governed by the governments
-more prevalent in socialist economies
-GAIL

-any other relevant point

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Private Sector Undertakings
-owned and managed by individual investors
-more prevalent in capitalist economies
Tata Steel
-any other relevant point

Joint Sector Undertakings
-owned and managed by joint stock companies
-Maruti Udyog
-any other relevant point

Q.22 -Humans modify nature for their ends. 3
-The modification works till such time that nature does get affected by it.
-Human development leads to pollution of the environment.
-Pollution harms humans.
-They begin to find ways to control pollution.
-Thus, climate change is a way for nature to take back control and force humans
to work within its rules.
(to be assessed as a whole)

OR

Award one mark each to any three of the following.
-Political geography studies government, boundaries, political divisions &units.
-Political Science is the study of how the state, political processes and systems
of governments rise.
-The two are interlinked since geographic differences have historically led to
conflicts and clashes.
-Political geography can help in understanding how powerful dynasties and
governments influence the rest of the world.
-any other relevant point

Q.23 -the plan will provide integrated connection for the movement of goods, people 3
and services
-would lead to last mile connectivity across the country
-reduce travel time for people and the logistics cost of transportation
-any other relevant point

(to be assessed as a whole)

SECTION C
Question numbers 24 to 28 are long answer-based questions.
Q.24 -clearing the beds of the rivers of debris 5
-river bank stabilisation
-regulating the flow of rivers by constructing dams and barrages
-Rivers offer possibilities and humans use them to their advantage.
-Such activities show how humans become active participants and work with

nature to make life easier.
-Thus, modifications to natural resources to suit human needs become a part of

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possibilism.
(to be assessed as a whole)

Q.25 -The virus must have spread quickly due to cramped spaces. 5
-It must have become a hotspot of the virus.
-The lack of amenities such as food and medicines must have worsened the
situation.
-The lack of hygiene and sanitary conditions must have increased the spread of
the virus.
-The halting of all business activities must have affected the small shop owners.
-The people must have faced neglect in terms of the reach of emergency
supplies.
-any other relevant point

(any five to be evaluated)

NOTE - Answer for Visually Impaired Students is the same as above.

Q.26 -Income or products and services produced are not a measure of the quality of 5
life of the people.
-The quality of life depends on the provision of the basic necessities of life to
all.
-availability of clean water
-affordable homes
-equal work opportunities
-basic human rights
-clean air
-any other relevant point

(any five points to be evaluated)

OR

-Literacy is necessary to understand the problems the society at large.
-Unless a person knows the existence of better ways of living, they will take
their existence as a standard.
-People fight for rights encouraged by movements across the world.
-Knowing the extent of harm of our actions on the environment is freedom as
well.
-Unless we know the harm, we will not actively work to use environment-
friendly alternatives
-Knowledge sets people free as it gives hope and encouragement to people of a
better tomorrow if they work for it today.

(to be assessed as a whole; points are suggestive and marks to be awarded to an
answer that broadly covers the points)

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Q.27 -Tourism requires changes in the landscape such as infrastructure-building 5
activities which can have an adverse impact on ecosystems. Pollution of sacred
rivers due to internal tourism.
-Tourism activities involve heavy reliance on natural resources such as in the
hospitality industry or transport.
-Tourism also drives economic activities benefitting all the sectors of the
economy. Both the primary and secondary sectors contribute to tourism and vice
versa.
(to be assessed as a whole)

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Q.28 -farmers' insurance: offers protection against financial losses due to crop failures 5
due to unplanned or unforeseen circumstances
-storage: offers a place to store harvested crops, preserve, and protect them from
damage
-market prices: knowledge of market prices help farmers decide when to sell
their crops and get the best price
-training: on newer practices of farming, how to use new equipment, mix
fertilisers, etc
-welfare schemes: knowledge of welfare schemes makes the farmer community
avail the benefits offered by the government
-any other relevant point
(to be assessed overall)

OR

1. increased area under non-agricultural use
2. reduced barren and unculturable wasteland
3. increased net sown area
4. reduced area under tree crops and groves
5. reduced culturable wasteland
6. reduced area under fallow
(any four to be evaluated for two marks)

Reasons:
1. increase in industrial activity
2. increase in population leading to rise in demands for food, livelihood, housing
3. increase in trade with other countries
4. increase in the number of educated adults leading to independent business
activity
5. increase in animal husbandry
(any three to be evaluated for 3 marks)

Answer for Visually Impaired Students for Q no 28:

1.increase in industrial activity
2. increase in population leading to rise in demands for food, livelihood, housing
3. increase in trade with other countries
4. increase in the number of educated adults leading to independent business
activity
5. increase in animal husbandry

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SECTION D
Question no 29 & 30 are map based questions having 5 sub-parts each.
Q.29 A Australia 5

B Brazil
C North Western Europe
D Cape Town
E Panama Canal
F The Great Lakes- St Lawrence Seaway
G Mumbai

-Award one mark each to any 5 of the above for correct identification

For Visually Impaired Students In lieu of Question no 29.

- Award one mark each to any 5 of the below for correct identification

A Oceania
B Japan
C New Zealand, Australia (any 1 to be evaluated)
D Panama Canal
E Finland, Sweden, Germany (any 1 to be evaluated)
F The Great Lake- St. Lawrence Seaway
G Mumbai, Dhaka, Karachi (any 1 to be evaluated)

Q.30 A Bihar 5

B Uttar Pradesh
C Vishakhapatnam
D Guwahati Airport
E New Delhi
F Neyveli
G Jamnagar

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NOTE - Answers for Visually Impaired Students are the same as above.

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