Telangana Class 8 Syllabus Biology

BIOLOGY - SYLLABUS
1. What is Science ? 8th CLASS Observing microorganisms in water
1.1 Science - The individual perspective Observing fungi
1.2 Science - The Social perspective Observing Bacteria
Observing Algae
1.3 Science and Change
Observing Protozoans and Micro-arthropods
1.4 How do scientists work ? - Scientific Method
Observing Soil Microorganisms
1.5 Process Skills
3.3 Viruses - Introduction
1.6 Reading to learn - Writing to Communicate
1.7 Safety in the Laboratory - Safety in Science 3. Microbial World - 2
1.8 Some of the divisions in Science (Science - Some Divisions) 3.1 Useful Microorganisms
2. Cell - The Basic Unit of Life 3.1.1 Observing microorganisms in Maida - Yeast Mixture
3.2 Commercial use of Microorganisms
2.1 Discovery of the cell
Medicinal use of Microorganisms
Observing cells in a match stick
3.2.1 Antiboitic - Invention of Penicillin
Observing cells in an onion peel
3.3 Vaccines
Observing human cheek cells
3.3.1 Invention of Vaccine against Smallpox
2.2 Cell - Nucleus - Robert Brown Experiment
3.4 Soil Microorganisms and Soil Fertility
Observing the Nucleus in onion peel
3.4.1 Nitrogen Fixation
Observing the Nucleus in human cheek cell
2.3 Diversity in cells 3.5 Harmful Microorganisms

Observing the cells in the leaf 3.5.1 Microorganisms causing disease ins Man

Observing the different cells in Human body. 3.5.2 Microorganisms causing diseases in Animals
3.5.3 Microorganisms causing diseases in Plants
3. Microbial World -1
3.6 Food Preservation
3.1 Invention of Microscope - Discovery of Microorganisms 3.6.1 Preserving food in heat and cold method, packing
3.2 Groups of Microorganisms - Observation 3.6.2 Pasteurisation

4. Reproduction in Animals 5.3 Child Marriages - Demerits

4.1 Oviparous and Viviparous Animals 5.4 Adolescence - Behavioural changes
4.2 Identifying the method of reproduction based on ears, hair on 5.5 Adolescence - Effect of Endocrine glands
the skin and feathers 5.6 Adolescence and Health
4.3 Kinds of / types of Reproduction in Animals - Sexual and Asexual Sweat and Pimples
Reproduction Balanced Diet
4.4 Asexual Reproduction
Hygiene / Cleanliness
4.4.1 Budding in Hydra
Physical Exercise
4.4.2 Binary fission in Amoeba
4.5 Sexual Reproduction 6. Biodiversity and its Conservation
4.5.1 Male Reporductive System in Human Beings 6.1 Conference on Biodiversity - Information
4.5.2 Female Reproductive System in Human Beings 6.2 Biodiversity
4.5.3 Fertilization - Development of an Embryo Identifying biodiversity in the sorroundings
External and Internal Fertilization Diverse world of life under microscope
4.6 Life cycle of Frog 6.2.1 Diversity / variations in plants
4.7 Cloning 6.2.2 Observing variations in plants
6.2.3 Observing variations in animals
5. Adolescence
6.2.4 Observing variations in human beings
5.1 Changes at Adolescence
6.3 Degradation of forests - concept of Biodiversity
5.1.1 Measuring increase in Height and observing growth rate
6.3.1 Endangered species, Endemic species
5.1.2 Observing the changes in the body - Secondary sexual
6.3.2 Information on Endangered species - Red Data Book
characters
6.4 Biodiversity - Balance in Nature
5.1.3 Adam's apple - Voice change
6.5 Biodiversity and its Conservation
5.2 Reproduction in Human Beings
6.5.1 National Parks and Sanctuaries
5.2.1 Menstrual cycle
6.6 Conservation of forests - preparation / making of recycled paper

7. Different Ecosystems 8.3 Cultivation of Paddy
7.1 Concept of Ecosystem Preparing the soil (ploughing, manuring)
7.1.1 Structure of an Ecosystem Leveling the soil
7.2 Ecosystem - Relationship between biotic components Selection of seeds, cleaning the seeds
7.3 Changes in the Ecosystem Different types of sowing the seeds
7.4 Types of Ecosystem : Developing seed beds
Grassland Ecosystem Transplanting
Forest Ecosystem 8.4 Manures, Peticides.
Desert Ecosystem 8.4.1 Crop protection, methods of management
Fresh water Ecosystem 8.4.2 Identification of pests, controlling the pests
Marine Ecosystem 8.4.3 Pest controlling practices
7.5 Ecosystem - Biotic and Abiotic components 8.5 Obtaining high yield
Producers 8.5.1 Manures / fertilizers - Natural and Artificial manures
Consumers 8.5.2 Irrigation, modern methods of irrigation - Drip irrigation
Decomposers 8.5.3 Weeding methods
Abiotic Components 8.6 Rotation of crops - methods
7.6 Energy Flow in an Ecosystem 8.7 Methods of storing grains - godowns and cold storage units

8. Food Production from plants 9. Food Production from animals

8.1 Crops in India 9.1 Animal Husbandry
8.1.1 Crops in our Village, District and State 9.1.1 Rearing animals - Rearing animals in villages - challenges
8.2 Duration of crops 9.2 Milk Production
Long-term crops and short-term crops 9.2.1 Milk collection - Pasteurization and Chilling
Kharif crops and rabi crops 9.2.2 Selection of live stock
Duration of night and its effect on crop production 9.2.3 Livestock - Methods of Management

9.3 Poultry 10.3 Water Pollution
Types / varieties of hen - Broilers, Layers 10.3.1 Testing the pollutants in water samples
Poultry Farms, Incubator 10.3.2 Pollution of River Musi
9.4 Apiculture 10.3.3 Definite, Indefinite Pollutants
9.4.1 Types of Honey bees and their life 10.3.4 Plants - Nutrients
9.4.2 Honey extraction sources of Nectar 10.3.5 Biodegradable wastes
9.5 Fisheries 10.3.6 Heat - Water pollution
Marine fishes 10.3.7 Solid wastes, toxic chemicals
Fresh water fishes (Aqua culture) 10.3.8 Controlling water pollution

10. Not for Drinking - Not for Breathing 11. Why do we fall ill ?

10.1 Vehicles - Pollution check - Pollution under control certificate 11.1 Health - its significance - What do we mean by 'Being healthy'?
10.2 Atmospheric pollution 11.1.1 Individual, social problems
10.2.1 Air pollution - Pollutants Community Health, Personal Health
10.2.2 Primary pollutants, Secondary pllutants 11.2 Distinction between 'Being healthy and Disease free'
10.2.3 Pollution - The Reasons 11.3 Disease - and its causes
Natural Calamities
11.3.1 Infections and non-infections diseases
Human Activities
11.3.2 Short-term, Long-term diseases - Illhealth
Nuclear Power Generation Plants
11.3.3 Diseases - Carriers of diseases
Chemical fertilizers, Insecticides
Bacteria, Viruses, protozans etc.
Deforestation
11.3.4 How does a disease spread ?
Industrial Effluents - Chloro - fluro carbons
Mining 11.3.5 Disease causing organisms (Pathogens) - the changes in

10.2.4 Air Pollution - The Effects organ systems in the body

Aerosols, Hydrogen, Sulphide, Carbon monoxide 11.4 Prevention of diseases - Principles, Actions
10.2.5 Air Pollution - Controlling Measures