NCERT Solutions for Class 11 History Chapter 1 Writing And City Life
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Page 1
NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th
aglase .co
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th
aglase .co
Page 2
Book : Themes in World History Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 2 Social Science History
Class : 11th
Subject : History
Chapter : 2
Chapter Name : Writing And City Life
Q1 Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were
the causes of early urbanisation?
Answer. We say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were
causes of early urbanisation because :
→ Cities and towns were not just places with large population.
→ Urban economies comprised of trade, manufactures and services. City people were not
self-sufficient so they depended on products and services of other cities and villages.
→ There was a continuous interaction among the people from villages and Urban centres for
the exchange of goods and services.
→ There must have been a social organisation in place because products like fuel, metals,
different stone, wood, etc came from various places. Thus, an organized trade and storage was
needed.
Q2 Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early
urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities :
(a) highly productive agriculture, (b) water transport, (c) the lack of metal and stone, (d) the
division of labour, (e) the use of seals, (f) the military power of kings that made labour
compulsory?
Answer. The following were necessary conditions of early urbanisation :
→ highly productive agriculture
Page 1 of 4
Class : 11th
Subject : History
Chapter : 2
Chapter Name : Writing And City Life
Q1 Why do we say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were
the causes of early urbanisation?
Answer. We say that it was not natural fertility and high levels of food production that were
causes of early urbanisation because :
→ Cities and towns were not just places with large population.
→ Urban economies comprised of trade, manufactures and services. City people were not
self-sufficient so they depended on products and services of other cities and villages.
→ There was a continuous interaction among the people from villages and Urban centres for
the exchange of goods and services.
→ There must have been a social organisation in place because products like fuel, metals,
different stone, wood, etc came from various places. Thus, an organized trade and storage was
needed.
Q2 Which of the following were necessary conditions and which the causes, of early
urbanisation, and which would you say were the outcome of the growth of cities :
(a) highly productive agriculture, (b) water transport, (c) the lack of metal and stone, (d) the
division of labour, (e) the use of seals, (f) the military power of kings that made labour
compulsory?
Answer. The following were necessary conditions of early urbanisation :
→ highly productive agriculture
Page 1 of 4
Page 3
Book : Themes in World History Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 2 Social Science History
→ water transport
The following were the causes of early urbanisation :
→ lack of metals and stones
→ the military power of kings that made labour compulsory
The following were the outcomes of early urbanisation :
→ division of labour
→ the use of seals
Q3 Why were mobile animal herders not necessarily a threat to town life?
Answer. The mobile animal herders were not necessarily a threat to town life because the
herders need to exchange young animals, cheese, leather and meat in return for grain, metal
tools, etc. The manure of a penned flock was of great use to a farmer so they also exchanged
this.
Herdsmen being mobile could raid agricultural villages and seize their stored food. They could
even take their flock to water across a down field in order to ruin the crop of the other.
Communities were often at conflict with each other.
Q4 Why would the early temple have been much like a house?
Answer. The early temples have been much like a house because it was believed to be the
house of god. It had several rooms around and open courtyards. It was made up of unbaked
bricks.
Temples were residences of various gods like the Moon God of Ur and Inanna the Goddess of
Love and War.
Page 2 of 4
→ water transport
The following were the causes of early urbanisation :
→ lack of metals and stones
→ the military power of kings that made labour compulsory
The following were the outcomes of early urbanisation :
→ division of labour
→ the use of seals
Q3 Why were mobile animal herders not necessarily a threat to town life?
Answer. The mobile animal herders were not necessarily a threat to town life because the
herders need to exchange young animals, cheese, leather and meat in return for grain, metal
tools, etc. The manure of a penned flock was of great use to a farmer so they also exchanged
this.
Herdsmen being mobile could raid agricultural villages and seize their stored food. They could
even take their flock to water across a down field in order to ruin the crop of the other.
Communities were often at conflict with each other.
Q4 Why would the early temple have been much like a house?
Answer. The early temples have been much like a house because it was believed to be the
house of god. It had several rooms around and open courtyards. It was made up of unbaked
bricks.
Temples were residences of various gods like the Moon God of Ur and Inanna the Goddess of
Love and War.
Page 2 of 4
Page 4
Book : Themes in World History Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 2 Social Science History
Early settlers built temples at selected spots in the villages. The earliest known temple was a
small shrine made of unbaked bricks.
Q5 Of the new institution that came into being once city life had begun, which would have
depended on the initiative of the king?
Answer. The new institutions that came into being once city life had begun are crafts, services,
temples, trade, architecture, schools and writing, etc.
The institutions that would have depended on the initiative of the king are :
Trade - The rules and regulations must have been decided by a ruler or the leader of all. If the
common people decided the norms it would be based on their personal convenience so it was
decided by the ruler. Temples - Construction of temples required huge sums of money and
resources which was only possible on the king's end to provide such resources.
Schools and writings - This also depended on the king as this would also require huge
resources to run, which only the king could provide.
Page : 48 , Block Name : Long Answer
Q6 What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?
Answer. Ancient stories tell us that Mesopotamian civilisation is known for its prosperity, city
life, it's voluminous and rich literature and it's mathematics and astronomy.
Mesopotamia was important to Europeans because of references to it in the Old Testament, the
first part of the Bible. For instance, the Book of Genesis of the Old Testament refers to 'Shimar',
meaning Sumer, as a land of brick-built cities.
According to the Bible, the Flood was meant to destroy all life on earth. However, God chose a
man, Noah built a huge boat, an ark. He took a pair each of all known species of animals and
birds on board the ark, which survived the Flood. There was a strikingly similar story in the
Mesopotamian tradition, where the principal character was called Ziusudra or Utnapishtim.
Page 3 of 4
Early settlers built temples at selected spots in the villages. The earliest known temple was a
small shrine made of unbaked bricks.
Q5 Of the new institution that came into being once city life had begun, which would have
depended on the initiative of the king?
Answer. The new institutions that came into being once city life had begun are crafts, services,
temples, trade, architecture, schools and writing, etc.
The institutions that would have depended on the initiative of the king are :
Trade - The rules and regulations must have been decided by a ruler or the leader of all. If the
common people decided the norms it would be based on their personal convenience so it was
decided by the ruler. Temples - Construction of temples required huge sums of money and
resources which was only possible on the king's end to provide such resources.
Schools and writings - This also depended on the king as this would also require huge
resources to run, which only the king could provide.
Page : 48 , Block Name : Long Answer
Q6 What do ancient stories tell us about the civilisation of Mesopotamia?
Answer. Ancient stories tell us that Mesopotamian civilisation is known for its prosperity, city
life, it's voluminous and rich literature and it's mathematics and astronomy.
Mesopotamia was important to Europeans because of references to it in the Old Testament, the
first part of the Bible. For instance, the Book of Genesis of the Old Testament refers to 'Shimar',
meaning Sumer, as a land of brick-built cities.
According to the Bible, the Flood was meant to destroy all life on earth. However, God chose a
man, Noah built a huge boat, an ark. He took a pair each of all known species of animals and
birds on board the ark, which survived the Flood. There was a strikingly similar story in the
Mesopotamian tradition, where the principal character was called Ziusudra or Utnapishtim.
Page 3 of 4
Page 5
Book : Themes in World History Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 2 Social Science History
Page : 48 , Block Name : Long Answer
Page 4 of 4
Page : 48 , Block Name : Long Answer
Page 4 of 4
Document Details
| Board / Org | NCERT |
| Exam | Class 11 |
| Type | Solution |
| Pages | 5 |
| Updated | 22 Jul 2026 |