NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Natural Resources [Old Book]
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Page 1
NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 9th
aglase .co
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 9th
aglase .co
Page 2
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Class : 9th
Subject : Science
Chapter : 14
Chapter Name : NATURAL RESOURCES
Q1 How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
Answer. Earth’s atmosphere is different from those of Venus and Mars. This difference
lies essentially in their compositions. Earth’s atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen (79%),
oxygen (20%), and a small fraction of carbon dioxide, water vapours and other gases.
This makes the existence of life possible on Earth. However, the atmospheres on Venus
and Mars mainly consist of carbon dioxide. The amount of carbon dioxide on these
planets can range from 95% to 97%.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 How does the atmosphere act as a blanket?
Answer. The atmosphere acts as a blanket by performing the following functions:
(a) It keeps the average temperature of the Earth fairly constant during day time and
even during the course of whole year.
(b) It prevents a sudden increase in the temperature during day time.
(c) It slows down the escape of heat from the surface of the Earth into outer space during
night time.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 What causes winds?
Answer. An uneven heating of the Earth’s surface causes winds. On being heated, air
becomes lighter and rises up. As a result, a region of low pressure is created. Then, air
from a high pressure region moves to a low pressure region, causing wind.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 How are clouds formed?
Answer. During day time, on being heated, a large amount of water evaporates from
various water bodies and goes into the air. A part of this water vapour also reaches the
Page 1 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Class : 9th
Subject : Science
Chapter : 14
Chapter Name : NATURAL RESOURCES
Q1 How is our atmosphere different from the atmospheres on Venus and Mars?
Answer. Earth’s atmosphere is different from those of Venus and Mars. This difference
lies essentially in their compositions. Earth’s atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen (79%),
oxygen (20%), and a small fraction of carbon dioxide, water vapours and other gases.
This makes the existence of life possible on Earth. However, the atmospheres on Venus
and Mars mainly consist of carbon dioxide. The amount of carbon dioxide on these
planets can range from 95% to 97%.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 How does the atmosphere act as a blanket?
Answer. The atmosphere acts as a blanket by performing the following functions:
(a) It keeps the average temperature of the Earth fairly constant during day time and
even during the course of whole year.
(b) It prevents a sudden increase in the temperature during day time.
(c) It slows down the escape of heat from the surface of the Earth into outer space during
night time.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 What causes winds?
Answer. An uneven heating of the Earth’s surface causes winds. On being heated, air
becomes lighter and rises up. As a result, a region of low pressure is created. Then, air
from a high pressure region moves to a low pressure region, causing wind.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 How are clouds formed?
Answer. During day time, on being heated, a large amount of water evaporates from
various water bodies and goes into the air. A part of this water vapour also reaches the
Page 1 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 3
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
atmosphere through biological activities such as transpiration and respiration. This
causes the air in the atmosphere to heat up. When this heated air rises, it expands and
cools, which results in the condensation of water vapour forming water droplets. The
presence of dust and other suspended particles in air also facilitates the process of
condensation. The formation of water droplets leads to the formation of clouds.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 List any three human activities that you think would lead to air pollution.
Answer. The following three human activities would lead to air pollution:
(i) Burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum
(ii) Industrialization
(iii) Deforestation
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 Why do organisms need water?
Answer. Organisms need water for the following reasons:
(i) All cellular processes need water as a medium. Usually, the reactions that take place in
our body or within the cells occur between substances that are dissolved in water.
(ii) Since most of the substances are transported in a dissolved form, water is necessary.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 What is the major source of fresh water in the city/town/village where you live?
Answer. River is a major source of fresh water.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 Do you know of any activity which may be polluting this water source?
Answer. The discharge of waste water from homes, industries, hospitals, etc. into the
river pollutes this fresh water source.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 How is soil formed?
Page 2 of 7 Aglasem Schools
atmosphere through biological activities such as transpiration and respiration. This
causes the air in the atmosphere to heat up. When this heated air rises, it expands and
cools, which results in the condensation of water vapour forming water droplets. The
presence of dust and other suspended particles in air also facilitates the process of
condensation. The formation of water droplets leads to the formation of clouds.
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 List any three human activities that you think would lead to air pollution.
Answer. The following three human activities would lead to air pollution:
(i) Burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum
(ii) Industrialization
(iii) Deforestation
Page : 193 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 Why do organisms need water?
Answer. Organisms need water for the following reasons:
(i) All cellular processes need water as a medium. Usually, the reactions that take place in
our body or within the cells occur between substances that are dissolved in water.
(ii) Since most of the substances are transported in a dissolved form, water is necessary.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 What is the major source of fresh water in the city/town/village where you live?
Answer. River is a major source of fresh water.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 Do you know of any activity which may be polluting this water source?
Answer. The discharge of waste water from homes, industries, hospitals, etc. into the
river pollutes this fresh water source.
Page : 194 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 How is soil formed?
Page 2 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 4
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Answer. Soil is formed by breaking down of rocks at or near the surface of the Earth
through various physical, chemical, and biological processes by various factors such as
the sun, water, wind, and living organisms.
(i) Sun:
During day time, the rocks are heated. This causes the rocks to expand. During night
time, these rocks cool down and contract. Since all parts of the rock do not undergo
expansion and contraction at the same rate, this causes the formation of cracks in these
rocks. These cracks lead to the breaking up of huge rocks into smaller pieces.
(ii) Water:
Water catalyses the process of formation of soil in two ways.
(a) Water goes into the cracks and crevices formed in the rocks. When this water freezes,
its volume increases. As a result, the size of the cracks also increases. This helps in the
weathering of rocks.
(b) Running water wears away hard rocks over long periods of time. Water moving in fast
speed carries big and small particles of rock downstream. These rocks rub against each
other, resulting in breaking down of rocks. These smaller particles are carried away by
running water and deposited down its path.
(iii) Wind:
Strong winds carry away rocks, which causes rubbing of rocks. This results in the
breaking down of rocks into smaller and smaller particles.
(iv) Living organisms:
Some living organisms like lichens help in the formation of soil. Lichens also grow on
rocks. During their growth, lichens release certain substances, which cause the rock
surface to powder down forming a thin layer of soil. On this thin layer of soil, some small
plants like moss also grow. They further cause the breaking down of the rock particles.
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 What is soil erosion?
Answer. The blowing away or washing away of land surface by wind or water is known as
soil erosion.
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 What are the methods of preventing or reducing soil erosion?
Answer. The methods of preventing or reducing soil erosion are:
(i) Prevention of deforestation
(ii) Plantation of trees
Page 3 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Answer. Soil is formed by breaking down of rocks at or near the surface of the Earth
through various physical, chemical, and biological processes by various factors such as
the sun, water, wind, and living organisms.
(i) Sun:
During day time, the rocks are heated. This causes the rocks to expand. During night
time, these rocks cool down and contract. Since all parts of the rock do not undergo
expansion and contraction at the same rate, this causes the formation of cracks in these
rocks. These cracks lead to the breaking up of huge rocks into smaller pieces.
(ii) Water:
Water catalyses the process of formation of soil in two ways.
(a) Water goes into the cracks and crevices formed in the rocks. When this water freezes,
its volume increases. As a result, the size of the cracks also increases. This helps in the
weathering of rocks.
(b) Running water wears away hard rocks over long periods of time. Water moving in fast
speed carries big and small particles of rock downstream. These rocks rub against each
other, resulting in breaking down of rocks. These smaller particles are carried away by
running water and deposited down its path.
(iii) Wind:
Strong winds carry away rocks, which causes rubbing of rocks. This results in the
breaking down of rocks into smaller and smaller particles.
(iv) Living organisms:
Some living organisms like lichens help in the formation of soil. Lichens also grow on
rocks. During their growth, lichens release certain substances, which cause the rock
surface to powder down forming a thin layer of soil. On this thin layer of soil, some small
plants like moss also grow. They further cause the breaking down of the rock particles.
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 What is soil erosion?
Answer. The blowing away or washing away of land surface by wind or water is known as
soil erosion.
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 What are the methods of preventing or reducing soil erosion?
Answer. The methods of preventing or reducing soil erosion are:
(i) Prevention of deforestation
(ii) Plantation of trees
Page 3 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 5
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 What are the different states in which water is found during the water cycle?
Answer. During the water cycle, water is found in solid state (snow, ice, etc.), liquid state
(ground water, river water, etc.), and gaseous state (water vapours).
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 Name two biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen.
Answer. Two biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen
are:
(i) Amino acids
(ii) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 List any three human activities which would lead to an increase in the carbon dioxide
content of air.
Answer. (i) Burning of fuels in various processes like heating, cooking, transportation,
and industry.
(ii) Human induced forest �res
(iii) The process of deforestation includes the cutting down of trees. This decreases the
uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Eventually, the content of carbon dioxide
increases.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 What is the greenhouse effect?
Answer. Some gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide prevent the escape of
heat from the Earth’s surface by trapping it. This increases the average temperature of
the Earth. This is called the green house effect. An increase in the content of such gases
would lead to a situation of global warming.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 What are the two forms of oxygen found in the atmosphere?
Page 4 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page : 196 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 What are the different states in which water is found during the water cycle?
Answer. During the water cycle, water is found in solid state (snow, ice, etc.), liquid state
(ground water, river water, etc.), and gaseous state (water vapours).
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 Name two biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen.
Answer. Two biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen
are:
(i) Amino acids
(ii) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid (RNA)
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 List any three human activities which would lead to an increase in the carbon dioxide
content of air.
Answer. (i) Burning of fuels in various processes like heating, cooking, transportation,
and industry.
(ii) Human induced forest �res
(iii) The process of deforestation includes the cutting down of trees. This decreases the
uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Eventually, the content of carbon dioxide
increases.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 What is the greenhouse effect?
Answer. Some gases like carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide prevent the escape of
heat from the Earth’s surface by trapping it. This increases the average temperature of
the Earth. This is called the green house effect. An increase in the content of such gases
would lead to a situation of global warming.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 What are the two forms of oxygen found in the atmosphere?
Page 4 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 6
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Answer. The two forms of oxygen found in the atmosphere are:
(i) Diatomic molecular form with chemical formula O2.
(ii) Triatomic molecular form with chemical formula O3 known as ozone.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Answer. The atmosphere is essential for life because it maintains an appropriate climate
for the sustenance of life by carrying out the following activities:
(i) Atmosphere keeps the average temperature of the Earth fairly constant during day
time.
(ii) It prevents a sudden increase in temperature during day time.
(iii) It also slows down the escape of heat from the surface of the Earth into outer space
during night time.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q2 Why is water essential for life?
Answer. Water is essential for life because of the following reasons:
(i) Most biological reactions occur when substances are dissolved in water. Thus, all
cellular processes need water as a medium to take place.
(ii) Transportation of biological substances needs water as a medium.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q3 How are living organisms dependent on the soil? Are organisms that live in water
totally independent of soil as a resource?
Answer. Almost all living organisms are dependent on soil. Some depend directly, while
some depend indirectly.
Plants need soil for getting support as well as nutrients to prepare their food. On the
other hand, organisms depend on plants for food and other substances that are essential
for life. Herbivores depend directly upon plants, and carnivores depend upon animals,
which in turn depend upon plants for food. This makes them depend on soil indirectly.
Organisms that live in water are not totally independent of soil as a resource. These
organisms depend on aquatic plants for food and other substances. These aquatic plants
in turn require minerals for their sustenance. These minerals are carried to water bodies
from soil by rivers, rain water, etc. Without the supply of minerals from the soil to the
water bodies, it is impossible to imagine aquatic life.
Page 5 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Answer. The two forms of oxygen found in the atmosphere are:
(i) Diatomic molecular form with chemical formula O2.
(ii) Triatomic molecular form with chemical formula O3 known as ozone.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Questions
Q1 Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Answer. The atmosphere is essential for life because it maintains an appropriate climate
for the sustenance of life by carrying out the following activities:
(i) Atmosphere keeps the average temperature of the Earth fairly constant during day
time.
(ii) It prevents a sudden increase in temperature during day time.
(iii) It also slows down the escape of heat from the surface of the Earth into outer space
during night time.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q2 Why is water essential for life?
Answer. Water is essential for life because of the following reasons:
(i) Most biological reactions occur when substances are dissolved in water. Thus, all
cellular processes need water as a medium to take place.
(ii) Transportation of biological substances needs water as a medium.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q3 How are living organisms dependent on the soil? Are organisms that live in water
totally independent of soil as a resource?
Answer. Almost all living organisms are dependent on soil. Some depend directly, while
some depend indirectly.
Plants need soil for getting support as well as nutrients to prepare their food. On the
other hand, organisms depend on plants for food and other substances that are essential
for life. Herbivores depend directly upon plants, and carnivores depend upon animals,
which in turn depend upon plants for food. This makes them depend on soil indirectly.
Organisms that live in water are not totally independent of soil as a resource. These
organisms depend on aquatic plants for food and other substances. These aquatic plants
in turn require minerals for their sustenance. These minerals are carried to water bodies
from soil by rivers, rain water, etc. Without the supply of minerals from the soil to the
water bodies, it is impossible to imagine aquatic life.
Page 5 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 7
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q4 You have seen weather reports on television and in newspapers. How do you think we
are able to predict the weather?
Answer. The meteorological department of the government collects data on the elements
of weather such as maximum and minimum temperatures, maximum and minimum
humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc. They are able to study these elements using various
instruments. The maximum and minimum temperature of a day is measured by a
thermometer known as the maximum−minimum thermometer. Rain fall is measured by
an instrument known as the rain gauge. Wind speed is measured by anemometers. There
are various instruments used to measure humidity.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q5 We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air,
water-bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to speci�c and limited
areas would help in reducing pollution?
Answer. Yes. Isolating human activities to speci�c areas would help in reducing levels of
pollution. For example, setting up of industries in isolated regions will control pollution
to some extent. The pollution caused by these industries will not contaminate water
resources, agriculture land, fertile land, etc.
Page : 202 , Block Name : Exercise
Q6 Write a note on how forests in�uence the quality of our air, soil and water resources.
Answer. Forests in�uence the quality of our air, soil, and water resources in various ways.
Some of them are:
(i) Forests balance the percentages of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere. The
increasing amount of carbon dioxide caused by human activities is balanced by a larger
intake of carbon dioxide by plants during the process of photosynthesis. Simultaneously,
a large amount of oxygen is released.
(ii) Forests prevent soil erosion. Roots of plants bind the soil tightly in a way that the
surface of the soil cannot be eroded away by wind, water, etc.
(iii) Forests help in the replenishment of water resources. During the process of
transpiration, a huge amount of water vapour goes into the air and condenses to form
clouds. These clouds cause rainfall that recharge water bodies.
Page 6 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q4 You have seen weather reports on television and in newspapers. How do you think we
are able to predict the weather?
Answer. The meteorological department of the government collects data on the elements
of weather such as maximum and minimum temperatures, maximum and minimum
humidity, rainfall, wind speed, etc. They are able to study these elements using various
instruments. The maximum and minimum temperature of a day is measured by a
thermometer known as the maximum−minimum thermometer. Rain fall is measured by
an instrument known as the rain gauge. Wind speed is measured by anemometers. There
are various instruments used to measure humidity.
Page : 201 , Block Name : Exercise
Q5 We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air,
water-bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to speci�c and limited
areas would help in reducing pollution?
Answer. Yes. Isolating human activities to speci�c areas would help in reducing levels of
pollution. For example, setting up of industries in isolated regions will control pollution
to some extent. The pollution caused by these industries will not contaminate water
resources, agriculture land, fertile land, etc.
Page : 202 , Block Name : Exercise
Q6 Write a note on how forests in�uence the quality of our air, soil and water resources.
Answer. Forests in�uence the quality of our air, soil, and water resources in various ways.
Some of them are:
(i) Forests balance the percentages of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere. The
increasing amount of carbon dioxide caused by human activities is balanced by a larger
intake of carbon dioxide by plants during the process of photosynthesis. Simultaneously,
a large amount of oxygen is released.
(ii) Forests prevent soil erosion. Roots of plants bind the soil tightly in a way that the
surface of the soil cannot be eroded away by wind, water, etc.
(iii) Forests help in the replenishment of water resources. During the process of
transpiration, a huge amount of water vapour goes into the air and condenses to form
clouds. These clouds cause rainfall that recharge water bodies.
Page 6 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page 8
Book : Science Ncert Solutions | Chapter-14 Science
Page : 202 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 7 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Page : 202 , Block Name : Exercise
Page 7 of 7 Aglasem Schools
Document Details
| Board / Org | NCERT |
| Exam | Class 9 |
| Type | Solution |
| Pages | 8 |
| Updated | 22 Jul 2026 |