ISC Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Commerce

ISC YEAR 2027

INDIAN SCHOOL CERTIFICATE
EXAMINATION

COMMERCE
(857)

February 2025
____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)

MISSION STATEMENT

The Council for the Indian School Certificate
Examinations is committed to serving the nation's
children, through high quality educational
endeavours, empowering them to contribute towards
a humane, just and pluralistic society, promoting
introspective living, by creating exciting learning
opportunities, with a commitment to excellence.

ETHOS OF CISCE

Trust and fair play.
Minimum monitoring.
Allowing schools to evolve their own niche.
Catering to the needs of the children.
Giving freedom to experiment with new ideas
and practices.
Diversity and plurality - the basic strength for
evolution of ideas.
Schools to motivate pupils towards the
cultivation of:
Excellence - The Indian and Global
experience.
Values - Spiritual and cultural - to be the bedrock
of the educational experience.
Schools to have an 'Indian Ethos', strong roots in
the national psyche and be sensitive to national
aspirations.

CLASS XII
There will be two papers in the subject: Paper II- Project Work ……20 marks
Paper I - Theory: 3 hours ……80 marks

PAPER I- THEORY: 80 MARKS

S. NO. UNIT TOTAL WEIGHTAGE

1. Business Environment 7 Marks

2. Financing 20 Marks

3. Management 33 Marks

4. Marketing 20 Marks

TOTAL 80 Marks

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Retained earnings – meaning, merits
PAPER - I (THEORY) – 80 MARKS and demerits.
1. Business Environment (b) Loan capital: debentures.
Concept, and importance of Business Debentures – meaning; kinds of
Environment. debentures; advantages and
disadvantages of debentures.
Meaning, features and importance of Business
Distinction between shares and
Environment; Environmental scanning-
debentures.
Meaning.
Dimensions of Business Environment – Micro (c) Loans from commercial banks and
(Internal and External factors) and Macro Financial Institutions.
(Economic, social, technological, political and Loans from commercial banks and
legal) – meaning and components. Financial Institutions - meaning,
S.W.O.T. Analysis - A basic understanding of advantages and disadvantages.
S.W.O.T. (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and (d) Short-term sources of funds.
Threat) Analysis.
Short-term sources of funds – different
types of short-term financial assistance
2. Financing
by Commercial Banks; public deposits,
(i) Capital: Sources of finance for sole trader; trade credit, customer advances,
partnership; Joint Stock Company; financial factoring, Inter corporate deposits, and
planning. installment credit. Meaning,
Importance of finance for business. Sources advantages and disadvantages of
of finance for different types of business various sources of funds.
firms. Meaning, features and importance of (iii) Banking - latest trends.
financial planning. Factors affecting
Online services- transfer of funds through
capital structure. Fixed capital - meaning,
Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS),
factors affecting fixed capital. Working
National Electronic Funds Transfer
capital – meaning, types; factors affecting
(NEFT), Immediate Payment Service
working capital. Comparison between fixed
(IMPS), issue of demand drafts online
and working capital.
meaning and features.
(ii) Sources of finance for a Joint Stock Online payments, e-Banking – meaning and
Company. features, advantages and disadvantages.
(a) Different types of shares: equity, Mobile Banking - SMS alerts, transfer of
preference. funds, making payments - advantages and
Bonus shares, rights issue, ESOP, disadvantages.
Sweat Equity Shares, Retained Debit Cards vs Credit Cards, ATM
earnings. (Automated Teller Machine) – Meaning;
Long-term sources of funds. Debit card and credit card: features and
Equity shares - features, advantages differences.
and disadvantages. Digital Banking, UPI, E-wallet- Meaning
Preference shares - features, types only.
advantages and disadvantages; 3. Management
distinction between equity shares and
preference shares. (i) Management: Meaning, objectives and
characteristics of management.
Bonus and rights issue, ESOP and
Sweat Equity Shares, Qualified Meaning of Management: as an activity; as
Institutional Placement - meaning. a group; as a discipline; as a process.
Distinction between bonus shares and Objectives and characteristics of
right shares. management.
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(ii) Nature of Management – Science, Art and (d) Directing:
Profession. Meaning and importance; Supervision-
Self explanatory. Meaning, functions and span of
control;
(iii) Importance of Management. Levels of
management- Meaning and functions. Motivation - Meaning and Maslow’s
theory; Leadership- Meaning and styles
Self explanatory.
of leadership- Democratic, Autocratic
(iv) Principles of Management: nature of Laissez-faire, Bureaucratic-meaning
principles; need for principles. only.
Nature of principles of Management; need Communication - Meaning, objectives
for principles of management; Taylor’s 5 and process. Barriers to
scientific principles of Management; communication and overcoming
Fayol’s 14 principles of Management; barriers to communication.
Relevance of the principles of Management
(e) Controlling:
in today’s business scenario. Comparison
of Taylor's and Fayol’s principles. Meaning, steps and importance;
Relationship between Planning and
(v) Functions of Management: Planning; Controlling; Management by
Organising; Staffing; Directing; Controlling Exception.
and Coordinating.
(f) Coordination:
(a) Planning:
Meaning, steps, importance & Meaning of Coordination;
limitation; Types of plans; Objectives, Coordination as an essence of
policy, procedures, method, rule, Management.
budget, program, strategy – meaning
4. Marketing
and features.
(i) Marketing: concept and functions.
(b) Organising:
Meaning, importance, steps; Structure Meaning and types of markets; meaning
of organization (functional and and features of marketing. Marketing
divisional; Formal and informal concepts: traditional v/s modern - meaning
organization) – Meaning, features, and features of traditional and modern
merits, demerits and differences concepts of marketing. Comparison
between functional and divisional, between marketing and selling. Objectives
formal and informal; Meaning and and importance of marketing; functions of
importance of delegation of marketing – meaning, features of each
authority; Decentralization v/s function of marketing.
Centralization, comparison between (ii) Marketing Mix - Meaning and Elements.
delegation and decentralization, merits Product Mix - goods and services -
and demerits. meaning, features and types of goods;
(c) Staffing: meaning, features of services; difference
Meaning, steps and importance; between product and services. Branding:
Recruitment – Meaning and sources; meaning and merits. Labeling: meaning
Selection –Meaning and procedure; and merits. Packaging: meaning and
Training and development – Meaning, features of good packaging.
types of training, methods-off the job Price Mix – meaning, factors determining
training and on the job training , price. Pricing strategies-cost plus pricing,
difference between selection and competitive pricing, price-skimming,
recruitment, Training and penetration pricing, value based pricing-
Development-Meaning and differences (meaning only).
between training and development.

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Place Mix – meaning, channel of A list of suggested Projects is given below:
distribution choice of channels of
1. Compare marketing strategies adopted by two
distribution and physical distribution.
different companies of the same industry
Elements of physical distribution -meaning
(FMCG / Telecommunication / media /
only
education industry etc.) keeping in mind
Promotion Mix – Meaning and elements. the following:
Elements – Advertising, sales promotion, − Product mix
personal selling and publicity – meaning,
− Price Mix
features, objectives and differences.
− Place Mix
(iii) Consumer protection: rights of consumers, − Promotion Mix
methods of consumer protection.
2. Collect newspaper/magazine clippings of five
Need for consumer protection; methods of cases filed by consumers in the Consumer
consumer protection - self-help, legislative Court.
measures and consumer
associations/NGOs, Consumer Protection Find out the rights violated, and the redressal
Act, 2019 – Meaning of consumer, rights of mechanism used.
consumers and responsibilities of What was the outcome of each case?
consumers.
3. Visit a commercial Bank. Find out the
The revised pecuniary jurisdiction procedure to open a savings account.
according to Consumer Protection Rule 21
Find out the details of various Agency &
to be taken with reference to the Consumer
General utility services provided by the bank.
Disputes Redressal Commissions (National,
State and District). The Consumer 4. Compare the interest rates offered by five
Protection Act 2023 to be taken into different commercial banks on fixed deposits
consideration only with reference to under various categories (general and senior
misleading advertisements. citizens) and various time durations.
Difference between Consumer Protection Find out the procedure and formalities for
Act, 1986 and Consumer Protection Act, opening a fixed deposit account.
2019.
What is the procedure for closing the account
on maturity and before maturity period?
PAPER II–PROJECT WORK–20
5. Select five different companies across varying
MARKS industries such as I.T., textiles, FMCG, Health
Candidates will be expected to have completed two Care, etc., included in the SENSEX. Keeping a
projects from any topic covered in Theory. The hypothetical base money of Rupees One Lakh,
project should preferably be hand written and a invest in the shares of the selected companies.
hard copy should be submitted by the The movement of share prices selected by you
candidates. should be monitored over a period of one
month on a daily basis. A uniform / standard
The project work will be assessed by the teacher practice of either using the opening price or the
and a Visiting Examiner appointed locally and closing price on a particular day of the week
approved by CISCE. should be used by all students in the class.
Mark allocation for each Project [10 marks]: At the end of the month, analyse your
Overall format 1 mark investment in a spread sheet and give reasons
for your choice of scripts.
Content 4 marks
6. Find out the names of companies under various
Findings 2 marks sectors (FMCG, Pharma, automobile, etc)
Viva-voce based on the Project 3 marks included in the NIFTY and the SENSEX.
Make a chart of the same and track its
movements over a period of one week.
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7. (a) Study the sources of recruitment and steps 9. Choose two companies of the same industry.
involved in the selection procedure adopted Study their organizational structure. Also give
by two companies of the same industry. information with regard to:
(b) Compare and evaluate the sources of (i) Hierarchy
recruitment and the selection process
(ii) Centralization and delegation of authority
adopted by the selected companies.
(iii) Flow of information (scalar chain)
8. Formulate a capital plan for a hypothetical
business organization. (iv) Span of control
Justify your formulated plan. (v) Channel of communication.
10. Select any business undertaking. Study the
selected business in terms of ownership, capital
and profitability.
Make a S.W.O.T. analysis and present it in a
tabular form.

NOTE: No question paper for Project Work will be
set by CISCE.

ISC Examination Year 2027 10

SAMPLE TABLE FOR PROJECT WORK
S. Unique PROJECT 1 PROJECT 2 TOTAL
No. Identification MARKS
Number A B C D E F G H I J
(Unique ID) Teacher Visiting Average Viva-Voce Total Teacher Visiting Average Viva- Total (E + J)
of the Examiner Marks by Visiting Marks Examiner Marks Voce by Marks
candidate (A + B ÷ 2) Examiner (C + D) (F + G ÷ Visiting (H + I)
2) Examiner
7 Marks* 7 Marks* 7 Marks 3 Marks 10 Marks 7 Marks* 7 Marks* 7 Marks 3 Marks 10 Marks 20 Marks

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

*Breakup of 7 Marks to be awarded separately by
Name of Teacher:
the Teacher and the Visiting Examiner is as
follows:
Signature: Date
Overall Format 1 Mark
Content 4 Marks Name of Visiting Examiner
Findings 2 Marks
Signature: Date
NOTE: VIVA-VOCE (3 Marks) for each Project is to be conducted only by the Visiting Examiner, and should be based on the Project only.

ISC Examination Year 2027 11