CUET 2026 Syllabus Geography and Geology (Code 313)

GEOGRAPHY /
For the year 2026

GEOLOGY – 313
Syllabus for
CUET(UG)

A. Fundamentals of Human Geography

Unit – I: Human Geography - Nature and Scope

Unit – II: People

• Population of the world- distribution, density and growth;
• Population change – spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population
change;
• Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons.

Unit – III: Human Activities

• Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining,
subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agriculture and
allied activities – some examples from selected countries;
• Secondary activities – concept; manufacturing; agro-processing, household, small-
scale, large-scale Industries, people engaged in secondary activities
• Tertiary activities – some examples from selected countries;
• Quaternary activities – concept; knowledge-based industries; people engaged in
quaternary activities – some examples from selected countries.

Unit – IV: Transport, Communication and Trade

• Land transport – roads, railways – rail network; trans – continental railways;
• Water transport – inland waterways; major ocean routes;
• Air transport – Intercontinental air routes ;
• Oil and gas pipelines;
• Satellite communication and cyberspace ;
• International trade – basis and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international
trade, role of WTO in International trade.

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B. India: People and Economy

Unit – I: People
• Population – distribution density and growth, composition of population-linguistic
and religious, rural – urban population occupational; change through time-regional
variations.

Unit – II: Human Settlements

• Rural settlements – Types and distribution.
• Urban settlements – Types, distribution and functional classification.

Unit – III: Resources and Development
• Land resources-general land use; agriculture land use – major crops; agricultural
development and problems, common property resources.
• Water resources – availability and utilization – irrigation, domestic, industrial and
other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods – rain water harvesting and
watershed management.
• Mineral and energy resources – metallic and non-metallic minerals and their
distribution; conventional and non-conventional energy sources.
• Planning in India – target area planning (case study); idea of sustainable
development (case study).

Unit – IV: Transport, Communication and International Trade
• Transport and communication – roads, railways, waterways and airways; oil and gas
pipelines; communication networking – radio, television, satellite and internet.
• International trade – changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; seaports and their
hinterland and airports.

Unit – V: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems
• Environmental pollution ; Urban – waste disposal ;
• Urbanization-rural-urban migration; problems of slums;
• Land degradation.

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