NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Economics (Statistics for Economics) Chapter 4 Presentation of Data

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th

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Class : 11th
Subject : Statistics
Chapter : 4
Chapter Name : Presentation of Data

Q1 Bar diagram is a
(i) one-dimensional diagram
(ii) two-dimensional diagram
(iii) diagram with no dimension
(iv) none of the above

Answer. Option (i) is correct. Bar diagram is a one dimensional diagram because only
one dimension, i.e. length of bars is used to analyse the data.

Q2 Data represented through a histogram can help in finding graphically the
(i) mean
(ii) mode
(iii) median
(iv) all the above

Answer. Option (ii) is correct. Histogram gives the mode as the bar with the most height
represents the modal class.

Q3 Ogives can be helpful in locating graphically the
(i) mode
(ii) mean
(iii) median
(iv) none of the above

Answer. Option (iii) is correct. The point of intersection of two ogive curves is the
median of the data.

Q4 Data represented through arithmetic line graph help in understanding

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Book : Statistics for Economics Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 4 Statistics

(i) long term trend
(ii) cyclicity in data
(iii) seasonality in data
(iv) all the above

Answer. Option (i) is correct. Generally, time is plotted on the X-axis which gives a long
term trend with the quantity plotted on the Y-axis.

Q5 Width of bars in a bar diagram need not be equal (True/False).

Answer. False. The width of bars in a bar diagram has to be equal as it signifies the
class size, which has to equal.

Q6 Width of rectangles in a histogram should essentially be equal (True/
False).

Answer. True. Since Histogram is a two dimensional diagram in which both height and
width are significant, the width may or may not be equal to the others.

Q7 Histogram can only be formed with continuous classification of data
(True/False).

Answer. True. In a histogram, there is no space between the rectangles and hence it
will not give accurate results for a discrete data.

Q8 Histogram and column diagram are the same method of presentation of
data. (True/False)

Answer. False. The Histogram and Column Diagram are two different methods of
presentation of data. Column diagram is one dimensional, whereas histogram is two

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dimensional which is the basic difference. Also, a column diagram can be used for both
discrete and continuous data whereas a histogram is possible only for discrete data.

Q9 Mode of a frequency distribution can be known graphically with the
help of histogram. (True/False)

Answer. True. The rectangle with the largest height in a histogram gives the mode of
the frequency distribution.

Q10 Median of a frequency distribution cannot be known from the ogives.
(True/False)

Answer. False. The median is the point of intersection of less than and more than ogive
curves.

Q11 What kind of diagrams are more effective in representing the following?

(i) Monthly rainfall in a year
(ii) Composition of the population of Delhi by religion
(iii) Components of cost in a factory

Answer.
(i) Bar diagram
(ii) Pie Chart
(iii) Pie Chart

Q12 Suppose you want to emphasise the increase in the share of urban non-workers
and lower level of urbanisation in India as shown in Example 4.2. How would you do it in
the tabular form?

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Answer. We can emphasize on it by presenting the data in a tabular form, as shown in
table.

Share of rural Share of urban
Total Non-Workers in
non-workers in India (in non-workers in India (in
India
crore) crore)

86 38 134

Q13 How does the procedure of drawing a histogram differ when class intervals are
unequal in comparison to equal class intervals in a frequency table?

Answer. In such a case, the adjustment factor is calculated and thereafter the adjusted
frequency. The formula for adjustment factor is given below:

Q14 The Indian Sugar Mills Association reported that, ‘Sugar production during the first
fortnight of December 2001 was about 3,87,000 tonnes, as against 3,78,000 tonnes
during the same fortnight last year (2000). The off-take of sugar from factories during
the first fortnight of December 2001 was 2,83,000 tonnes for internal consumption and
41,000 tonnes for exports as against 1,54,000 tonnes for internal consumption and nil
for exports during the same fortnight last season.’

(i) Present the data in tabular form.

(ii) Suppose you were to present these data in diagrammatic form which of the diagrams
would you use and why?

(iii) Present these data diagrammatically.

Answer.

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Book : Statistics for Economics Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 4 Statistics

Sugar Production in India

Total Internal
Export of Sugar
Period Production Consumption
(in tonne)
(in tonne) (in tonne)

1st Fortnight,

December 3,78,000 1,54,000 0
2000

1st Fortnight,

December 3,87,000 2,83,000 41,000
2001

Source: Indian Sugar Mills Association Report

(ii) We would use bar diagram, because it can help in the comparison of data of the two
years with ease.

(iii) The bar chart is given below for the above data:

​Page : 56 , Block Name : Exercises

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