NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political science (India Constitution at Work) Chapter 10 The Philosophy of Constitution
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Page 1
NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th
aglase .co
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 11th
aglase .co
Page 2
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
Class : 11th
Subject : Political science
Chapter : 10
Chapter Name : The philosophy of constitution
Q1 The following are certain laws. Are they connected with any value? If yes, then what is the
underlying value? Give reasons.
a. Both daughters and sons will have a share in the family property.
b. There will be different slabs of sales tax on different consumer items.
c. Religious instructions will not be given in any government school.
d. There shall be no begar or forced labour.
(a) It is based upon the value of gender justice so that women also get equality in terms of
economic and propertial justice.
(b) It is based upon the value of the use associated with different consumer items according
to its consumption.
(c) It is based upon the value of secularism to make students believe in the respect and
integrity towards all beliefs.
(d) It is based upon the value to eradicate the exploitation associated with the
underprivileged sections of the society so that we can achieve the greater goal of
political and social justice.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 Which of the options given below cannot be used to complete the following statement?
Democratic countries need a constitution to check the power of the government.
Page 1 of 7
Class : 11th
Subject : Political science
Chapter : 10
Chapter Name : The philosophy of constitution
Q1 The following are certain laws. Are they connected with any value? If yes, then what is the
underlying value? Give reasons.
a. Both daughters and sons will have a share in the family property.
b. There will be different slabs of sales tax on different consumer items.
c. Religious instructions will not be given in any government school.
d. There shall be no begar or forced labour.
(a) It is based upon the value of gender justice so that women also get equality in terms of
economic and propertial justice.
(b) It is based upon the value of the use associated with different consumer items according
to its consumption.
(c) It is based upon the value of secularism to make students believe in the respect and
integrity towards all beliefs.
(d) It is based upon the value to eradicate the exploitation associated with the
underprivileged sections of the society so that we can achieve the greater goal of
political and social justice.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q2 Which of the options given below cannot be used to complete the following statement?
Democratic countries need a constitution to check the power of the government.
Page 1 of 7
Page 3
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
I. Protect minorities from majority.
II. Bring independence from colonial rule.
III. Ensure that a long-term vision is not lost by momentary passions.
IV. Bring social change in a peaceful manner.
Answer. II. Bring independence from colonial rule.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 The following are different positions about reading and understanding Constituent Assembly
debates.
i. Which of these statements argues that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant even
today? Which statement says that they are not relevant?
ii. With which of these positions do you agree and why?
a. Common people are too busy earning livelihood and meeting different pressures of life. They
can’t understand the legal language of these debates.
b. The conditions and challenges today are different from the time when the Constitution was
made. To read the ideas of Constitution makers and use them for our new times is trying to
bring past in the present
c. Our ways of understanding the world and the present challenges have not changed totally.
Constituent Assembly debates can provide us with reasons why certain practices are important.
In a period when constitutional practices are being challenged, not knowing the reasons can
destroy them.
I. (a) States that Constituent Assembly debates are not relevant as these debates are
considered as lawyer’s paradise.
(b) States that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant as it brings out the application of
past in present.
Page 2 of 7
I. Protect minorities from majority.
II. Bring independence from colonial rule.
III. Ensure that a long-term vision is not lost by momentary passions.
IV. Bring social change in a peaceful manner.
Answer. II. Bring independence from colonial rule.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q3 The following are different positions about reading and understanding Constituent Assembly
debates.
i. Which of these statements argues that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant even
today? Which statement says that they are not relevant?
ii. With which of these positions do you agree and why?
a. Common people are too busy earning livelihood and meeting different pressures of life. They
can’t understand the legal language of these debates.
b. The conditions and challenges today are different from the time when the Constitution was
made. To read the ideas of Constitution makers and use them for our new times is trying to
bring past in the present
c. Our ways of understanding the world and the present challenges have not changed totally.
Constituent Assembly debates can provide us with reasons why certain practices are important.
In a period when constitutional practices are being challenged, not knowing the reasons can
destroy them.
I. (a) States that Constituent Assembly debates are not relevant as these debates are
considered as lawyer’s paradise.
(b) States that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant as it brings out the application of
past in present.
Page 2 of 7
Page 4
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
(c) States that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant as those can provide us with
reasons and justifications regarding all the problems.
II. I agree with all the three positions as we believe that the Constituent Assembly debates and
even the changes in the past discourse are important to solve the political problems of status
quo.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 Explain the difference between the Indian Constitution and western ideas in the light of:
a. Understanding of secularism.
b. Articles 370 and 371.
c. Affirmative action.
d. Universal adult franchise.
(a) Indian Constitution supports the concept of “positive secularism” rather than the western
idea of “negative secularism”. It aims at the interference of state in the former one while
as the western democracies, believe in complete demarcation between religion and state
institutions.
(b) Articles 370 (revoked by BJP government, doesn’t exist) and Article 371 are the special
provisions created for states with some regional aspirations and such an idea is not
prevalent in Western governance.
(c) Affirmative action policies are introduced in Indian context to aim towards the upliftment
of marginalised sections of the society while as in the West, such provisions don’t exist.
(d) Universal Adult Franchise is present in India and other Western Democracies also, but in
India this respective provision was introduced just after Independence for men and
women but in the West, people (women) had to fight for the right to vote.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 Which of the following principles of secularism are adopted in the Constitution of India?
a. that state will have nothing to do with religion
Page 3 of 7
(c) States that Constituent Assembly debates are relevant as those can provide us with
reasons and justifications regarding all the problems.
II. I agree with all the three positions as we believe that the Constituent Assembly debates and
even the changes in the past discourse are important to solve the political problems of status
quo.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q4 Explain the difference between the Indian Constitution and western ideas in the light of:
a. Understanding of secularism.
b. Articles 370 and 371.
c. Affirmative action.
d. Universal adult franchise.
(a) Indian Constitution supports the concept of “positive secularism” rather than the western
idea of “negative secularism”. It aims at the interference of state in the former one while
as the western democracies, believe in complete demarcation between religion and state
institutions.
(b) Articles 370 (revoked by BJP government, doesn’t exist) and Article 371 are the special
provisions created for states with some regional aspirations and such an idea is not
prevalent in Western governance.
(c) Affirmative action policies are introduced in Indian context to aim towards the upliftment
of marginalised sections of the society while as in the West, such provisions don’t exist.
(d) Universal Adult Franchise is present in India and other Western Democracies also, but in
India this respective provision was introduced just after Independence for men and
women but in the West, people (women) had to fight for the right to vote.
Page : 240 , Block Name : Questions
Q5 Which of the following principles of secularism are adopted in the Constitution of India?
a. that state will have nothing to do with religion
Page 3 of 7
Page 5
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
b. that state will have close relation with religion
C. that state can discriminate among religions
D. that state will recognize the rights of religious groups
E. that state will have limited powers to intervene in affairs of religions
(a)that state will have nothing to do with religion.
(d)that state will recognize the rights of religious groups.
(e)that state will have limited powers to intervene in affairs of religions.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q6 Match the following.
a. Freedom to criticise i. Substantive treatment of widows
achievement
b. Taking decisions in the constituent ii. Procedural achievement reason, not self
assembly on the basis of interest
c. Accepting the importance of community in iii. Neglect of gender justice
an individual’s life
d. Article 370 and 371 iv. Liberal individualism
e. Unequal rights to women regarding family v. Attention to the requirements of a particular
property and children region
Page 4 of 7
b. that state will have close relation with religion
C. that state can discriminate among religions
D. that state will recognize the rights of religious groups
E. that state will have limited powers to intervene in affairs of religions
(a)that state will have nothing to do with religion.
(d)that state will recognize the rights of religious groups.
(e)that state will have limited powers to intervene in affairs of religions.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q6 Match the following.
a. Freedom to criticise i. Substantive treatment of widows
achievement
b. Taking decisions in the constituent ii. Procedural achievement reason, not self
assembly on the basis of interest
c. Accepting the importance of community in iii. Neglect of gender justice
an individual’s life
d. Article 370 and 371 iv. Liberal individualism
e. Unequal rights to women regarding family v. Attention to the requirements of a particular
property and children region
Page 4 of 7
Page 6
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
a. Freedom to criticise i. Substantive treatment of widows
achievement
b. Taking decisions in the constituent ii. Procedural achievement reason, not self
assembly interest
c. Accepting the importance of community in iv. Liberal individualism
an individual’s life
d. Article 370 and 371 v. Attention to the requirements of a particular
region
e. Unequal rights to women regarding family iii. Neglect of gender justice
property and children
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q7 This discussion was taking place in a class. Read the various arguments and state which of
these do you agree with and why.
Jayesh: I still think that our Constitution is only a borrowed document.
Saba: Do you mean to say that there is nothing Indian in it? But is there such a thing as Indian
and western in the case of values and ideas? Take equality between men and women. What is
western about it? And even if it is, should we reject it only because it is western?
Jayesh: What I mean is that after fighting for independence from the British, did we not adopt
their system of parliamentary government?
Neha: You forget that when we fought the British, we were not against the British as such, we
were against the principle of colonialism. That has nothing to do with adopting a system of
government that we wanted, wherever it came from.
Answer. I agree with the second and fourth statement as these are completely based upon the
rational principles regarding the establishment of constitution. The euro-centrism cannot be
Page 5 of 7
a. Freedom to criticise i. Substantive treatment of widows
achievement
b. Taking decisions in the constituent ii. Procedural achievement reason, not self
assembly interest
c. Accepting the importance of community in iv. Liberal individualism
an individual’s life
d. Article 370 and 371 v. Attention to the requirements of a particular
region
e. Unequal rights to women regarding family iii. Neglect of gender justice
property and children
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q7 This discussion was taking place in a class. Read the various arguments and state which of
these do you agree with and why.
Jayesh: I still think that our Constitution is only a borrowed document.
Saba: Do you mean to say that there is nothing Indian in it? But is there such a thing as Indian
and western in the case of values and ideas? Take equality between men and women. What is
western about it? And even if it is, should we reject it only because it is western?
Jayesh: What I mean is that after fighting for independence from the British, did we not adopt
their system of parliamentary government?
Neha: You forget that when we fought the British, we were not against the British as such, we
were against the principle of colonialism. That has nothing to do with adopting a system of
government that we wanted, wherever it came from.
Answer. I agree with the second and fourth statement as these are completely based upon the
rational principles regarding the establishment of constitution. The euro-centrism cannot be
Page 5 of 7
Page 7
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
neglected but the negation of the parameters associated with the west, is completely baseless
as these notions form an essential part of democratic discourse.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q8 Why is it said that the making of the Indian Constitution was unrepresentative? Does that
make the Constitution unrepresentative? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer. It is often said that the making of the Indian Constitution was unrepresentative as the
assumption among the critics is that the Constituent Assembly and Drafting Committee was
dominated by the members of Indian National Congress and belonged to the elite group of the
society. No, it does not make the Constitution unrepresentative as it was based upon the
principle of deliberation and about 12% of the members of the Assembly were from
marginalised sections of the society.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q9 One of the limitations of the Constitution of India is that it does not adequately attend to
gender justice. What evidence can you give to substantiate this charge? If you were writing the
Constitution today, what provisions would you recommend for remedying this limitation?
Answer. The Constitution of India has not reflected upon the “syndrome of exclusion” present in
the Indian society. The provisions are very faulty if we look at the structure of the executive and
legislative organs of the governance. The Constitution lacks to achieve the balance in
men-women ratio in legislatures and also doesn’t provide remedies in cases of maternity leaves,
equal-pay & equal- work etc.
The changes that I would recommend will include the:
(a) Affirmative action policies in legislature.
(b) Economic justice with special reference to women.
(c) To make laws against the gender discrimination in different avenues of society.
Page : 242 , Block Name : Questions
Page 6 of 7
neglected but the negation of the parameters associated with the west, is completely baseless
as these notions form an essential part of democratic discourse.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q8 Why is it said that the making of the Indian Constitution was unrepresentative? Does that
make the Constitution unrepresentative? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer. It is often said that the making of the Indian Constitution was unrepresentative as the
assumption among the critics is that the Constituent Assembly and Drafting Committee was
dominated by the members of Indian National Congress and belonged to the elite group of the
society. No, it does not make the Constitution unrepresentative as it was based upon the
principle of deliberation and about 12% of the members of the Assembly were from
marginalised sections of the society.
Page : 241 , Block Name : Questions
Q9 One of the limitations of the Constitution of India is that it does not adequately attend to
gender justice. What evidence can you give to substantiate this charge? If you were writing the
Constitution today, what provisions would you recommend for remedying this limitation?
Answer. The Constitution of India has not reflected upon the “syndrome of exclusion” present in
the Indian society. The provisions are very faulty if we look at the structure of the executive and
legislative organs of the governance. The Constitution lacks to achieve the balance in
men-women ratio in legislatures and also doesn’t provide remedies in cases of maternity leaves,
equal-pay & equal- work etc.
The changes that I would recommend will include the:
(a) Affirmative action policies in legislature.
(b) Economic justice with special reference to women.
(c) To make laws against the gender discrimination in different avenues of society.
Page : 242 , Block Name : Questions
Page 6 of 7
Page 8
Book : Indian Constitution at Work Ncert Solutions | Chapter - 10 Social Science Political Science
Q10 Do you agree with the statement that “it is not clear why in a poor developing country,
certain basic socio-economic rights were relegated to the section on Directive Principles rather
than made an integral feature of our Fundamental Rights”? Give reasons for your answer. What
do you think are the possible reasons for putting socio-economic rights in the section on
Directive Principles?
Answer. Yes, the developing countries gave primacy to the notion of political and economic
development rather than emphasised upon the socio-economic inequalities present in society.
The major reasons for such an approach could be that the most efficient way of development
was to achieve the western ideas of development and neglect the socio-economic rights and
problems as these countries didn’t possess the feasibility to perform the developmental
functions in a socialistic way.
Page : 242 , Block Name : Questions
Page 7 of 7
Q10 Do you agree with the statement that “it is not clear why in a poor developing country,
certain basic socio-economic rights were relegated to the section on Directive Principles rather
than made an integral feature of our Fundamental Rights”? Give reasons for your answer. What
do you think are the possible reasons for putting socio-economic rights in the section on
Directive Principles?
Answer. Yes, the developing countries gave primacy to the notion of political and economic
development rather than emphasised upon the socio-economic inequalities present in society.
The major reasons for such an approach could be that the most efficient way of development
was to achieve the western ideas of development and neglect the socio-economic rights and
problems as these countries didn’t possess the feasibility to perform the developmental
functions in a socialistic way.
Page : 242 , Block Name : Questions
Page 7 of 7
Document Details
| Board / Org | NCERT |
| Exam | Class 11 |
| Type | Solution |
| Pages | 8 |
| Updated | 22 Jul 2026 |