ICSE Class 10 Sample Paper 2027 Geography

FOR ICSE CLASS 10 EXAM PREPARATION

ICSE Class 10 2027
Sample Paper ·
Geography
EXAM YEAR TYPE SUBJECT

ICSE Class 10 2027 Sample Paper Geography

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

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ICSE 2027 EXAMINATION
SPECIMEN QUESTION PAPER
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Maximum Marks: 80
Time allowed: Two hours
1. Answers to this Paper must be written on the answer sheet provided separately.
2. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
3. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.

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4. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.

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Part I is compulsory. All questions from Part I are to be attempted.

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A total of five questions are to be attempted from Part II.
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The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].

To be supplied with this Paper: Survey of India Map Sheet No. G43S10.
Note:
(i) In all Map Work, make wise use of arrows to avoid overcrowding of the map. [All map work
is to be done on the map itself.]
(ii) The extract of Survey of India Map Sheet No. G43S10 must not be taken out of the

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examination hall. It must be handed over to the Supervising Examiner on completion of the

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The Map given at the end of this question paper must be detached, andsafter
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(iii)
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(v) All working including rough work should be done on the same answer sheet which is used to
answer the rest of the paper.
Instruction for the Supervising Examiner
Kindly read aloud the Instructions given above to all the candidates present in the

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Examination Hall.

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T27 502 - SPECIMEN 1 of 14

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PART I (30 Marks)

(Attempt all questions from this Part.)

Question 1
Study the extract of the Survey of India Map Sheet No. G43S10 and answer the following questions:

(i) (a) What does the figure 300 indicate in grid square 6730? [1]
[Understanding]
(b) What does RF in ‘RF 1:50,000’ denote? [1]
[Recall]
(ii) (a) A farmer from the small village of Sigarli Khera (Grid Square 6528) [1]
travels northwards to reach Moti Talao. Which means of transport
will he be using? [Understanding]

(b) What would be the actual length of the National Highway between [1]
Distance Stones 222 and 226? [Recall]

(iii) (a) Give two evidence to suggest that Pamera is a more important [1]
settlement than Malgaon. [Analysis]

(b) Calculate the area of the map extract enclosed by Eastings 63 and 67 [1]

and Northings 29 and 32. Give your answer in km square. [Application]

(iv) (a) Identify the conventional symbol at the six-figure reference of 666364. [1]
[Recall]
(b) Identify the drainage pattern in Grid Square 6334. [1]
[Understanding]
(v) (a) How do the local people benefit from the causeways seen in this [1]
region? [Application]

(b) Explain why Fire Lines are significant from the point of view of the [1]
environment. [Understanding]

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 2 of 14

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Question 2 a
Refer to the given outline Map of India and attempt subparts (i) and (ii) on the [10]
map provided.

(i) Mark the following on the outline map of India provided:

(a) Mark and name the hill range where the Eastern Ghats and the
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Western Ghats meet.
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Mark and label the Wular Lake.
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(c) Write SP over a sparsely populated area north of Tropic of Cancer.
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(d) a Shade and label an area of black soil.

(e) Shade and label the Gulf of Kutch.

(f) Mark and label the wind that brings rain to Mumbai in July. [Recall]

(ii) Identify the following on the outline map of India provided:

(a)
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The river marked A which is known as the Ganga of the south.

(b) The river marked B.
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(c) The coalfield marked C.
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The riverine port city marked D. [Recall]

Question 3 [10]
Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options.
(Do not copy the question, write the correct answers only.)
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The place that is likely to experience less rainfall from June to September
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a (b) Goa

(c) Mumbai
[Application]
(d) Chennai

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 3 of 14
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(ii) Black soil : Maharashtra :: Red soil : __________.

(a) Uttar Pradesh

(b) Bihar

(c) Odisha

(d) Punjab [Recall]

(iii) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of the Tropical
Evergreen Forest?

(a) Dense

(b) Pure stands

(c) Layered structure

(d) Hardwood [Analysis]

(iv) Assertion (A): In intensive farming, most of the work is done by manual
labour.

Reason (R): The landholdings are small in size.

(a) (A) is true but (R) is false.

(b) (A) is false but (R) is true.

(c) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of
(A). [Analysis]

(v) Which of the following may be used for the recharging of underground
water?

(a) Planting of shelter belt

(b) Plugging of gullies and ravines

(c) Percolation pit

(d) Tube-well irrigation [Understanding]

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 4 of 14

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(vi) Identify the pair which is INCORRECTLY matched: a

P Brown coal Lignite

Q Coking coal Bituminous

R Highest calorific value Magnetite

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S Reddish brown in colour Haematite
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(c) a R

(d) S [Recall]

(vii) Bhanu cultivates jute in the state that leads in the production of this crop.
Which state does he work in?

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(a) Karnataka

(b) West Bengal
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(c) Andhra Pradesh
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(d) Gujarat ag [Recall]

(viii) Which steel plant amongst the following does NOT belong to the public
sector?

(a) Tata Steel

(b) Bhilai

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(c) Vishakhapatnam
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Fresh flowers need to be sent from Bengaluru to New Delhi as a birthday

ag gift. Which mode of transport should be used in this case?

(a) Roadways

(b) Airways

(c) Railways

(d) Waterways [Application]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 5 of 14
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(x) Which of the following bags will take the longest time to degenerate and
degrade?

(a) Cloth bag
(b) Jute bag
(c) Paper bag
[Application]
(d) Plastic bag

PART II (50 Marks)

(Attempt any five questions from this Part.)

Question 4

(i) (a) Why does monsoon begin to retreat after September? [2]

(b) Which is the first state to receive rain from the South-West [Application &
Analysis]
monsoon winds?

(ii) Name the branch of South-West Monsoon wind, that brings rain to each of [2]
the following regions:

(a) Windward slope of Khasi Hills

(b) Western slopes of Western Ghats [Understanding]

(iii) Give a reason for each of the following: [3]

(a) Interior parts of the Deccan Plateau receive low annual rainfall. [Analysis]

(b) The hills of peninsular India are devoid of snow. [Analysis]

(c) It is difficult to hold a cricket match in Chennai in the winter season. [Analysis]

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 6 of 14

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(iv) a that follow:
Study the climatic data of station X and answer the questions [3]

Months Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperature
9 16.5 24.3 30.4 35.2 33.8 27.2 28.4 27.1 22 16.4 10.7
(ºC)
Rainfall
15 12.9 4.7 4.9 11.4 61.7 240 261 124 55.8 1.2 9.9
(cm)

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(a) In which month does the station receive maximum rainfall? [Application]

(b)
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Calculate the annual range of temperature.
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Understanding] e m
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Whya do you think the temperature drops significantly in the month
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Question 5

(i) Explain how conservation of soil helps in the conservation of the following: [2]

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(a) Forests

(b) Groundwater reserve
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(ii) State any two similarities between red [2]
[Analysis]
(iii) With reference to Black Soil, answer the following questions: [3]
(a) How does its mode of formation determine its name? [Application]
(b) Mention two minerals that this soil is rich in. [Recall]
(c) Why is this soil called an in-situ soil?
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[Understanding]
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c. o Give a reason for each of the following statements:
(iv)
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[3]

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las (a) Farmers prefer soil that is rich in humus.
a g [Analysis]

ag (b) Rice can be cultivated in red soil only if irrigation is provided. [Analysis]

(c) Khadar soil can hold more moisture than Bhangar. [Analysis]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 7 of 14
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Question 6

(i) While visiting the Andaman Islands, Sneha comes across Tropical [2]
Evergreen Forests characterised by dark forest floors.

(a) Why are the forest floors dark? [Application]

(b) State the rainfall requirements for this type of forest. [Recall]

(ii) Van Mahotsav is a significant event in India’s forest conservation program. [2]

State two reasons in favour of this statement. [Understanding]

(iii) (a) Why are long and deep roots a typical characteristic of desert [3]
vegetation? [Analysis]

(b) State the rainfall condition required for the above type of vegetation
to evolve. [Application]

(c) Mention one region in India where this vegetation is predominant. [Understanding]

(iv) Forests are ‘Green Gold’. Give three reasons in support of this statement. [3]
[Analysis]

Question 7

(i) Drip irrigation is a powerful solution to prevent crop failure, especially [2]
during critical dry periods. Give two suitable reasons in support of this
[Application]
statement.

(ii) Why is canal irrigation a more suitable method of irrigation in the northern [2]
plains of India? Mention any two reasons. [Understanding]

(iii) (a) Name one state in India where tube wells are commonly used. [3]
[Recall]
(b) Mention two geographical conditions that favour tube well irrigation
in this state. [Application]

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 8 of 14

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(iv) a follow:
Study the picture given below and answer the questions that [3]

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(a) a Name the water conservation method shown in the picture. [Recall]
(b) State two ways in which this method helps to reduce water scarcity
in India. [Application]
Question 8
(i) There is ample potential of setting up biogas plants in India. The National [2]

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Bioenergy Programme has been recommended by the concerned Ministry,

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for implementation in two phases. The spread of biogas technology is a boon

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for Indian farmers with its direct and guaranteed benefits.

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(a) Why can generation of biogas be achieved in every household of
rural India? [Analysis]
(b) Mention two ways in which generation of this form of energy can
prove to be a boon for Indian farmers. [Analysis]

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(ii) With reference to the picture given below, answer the following questions: [2]

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(a) On which river is this project based? [Recall]

(b) Name an Indian state benefitted by this project. [Recall]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 9 of 14
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(iii) Give a reason to explain each of the following: [3]

(a) Though a fossil fuel, the popularity of natural gas is very high in both
domestic and industrial sectors. [Understanding]
(b) Use of Copper as a vital base for major alloys is undeniable. [Recall]
(c) Bituminous coal is mostly widely used in generation of thermal
[Analysis]
power.

(iv) Observe the image given below and answer the questions that follow: [3]

(a) Identify the type of energy being harnessed in the above picture. [Recall]

(b) Why is this form of energy preferred over fossil fuels? [Understanding]

(c) Why does India stand at an advantage in the production of this type
of energy? [Understanding]

Question 9

(i) Despite being the backbone of the Indian economy, our agricultural sector [2]
faces several problems. Mention any two such problems. [Analysis]

(ii) The Green Revolution marked a transformation in Indian agriculture. [2]

(a) In the light of the above statement, explain how Green Revolution
has been particularly significant for the Indian economy. [Analysis]
(b) State two key inputs whose widespread use helped usher in the
Green Revolution. [Recall]

(iii) With reference to the cultivation of cash crops, answer the following [3]
questions:

(a) Name the crop that predominantly grows in the hilly regions of West
[Recall]
Bengal.

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 10 of 14

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a favours the
(b) Give two climatic conditions present in this state that
cultivation of the crop mentioned in (a). [Understanding]

(c) Which other state of India is noted as the leading producer of the
[Understanding]
crop mentioned in (a)?

(iv) Study the picture and answer the questions that follow: [3]
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Identify the type of farming depicted here. [Recall]
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(b) State one way in which it provides economic benefit to the farmer. [Analysis]

(c) Give a reason why some crops are considered as cash crops. [Understanding]

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Question 10
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(a) In which state is the Vishakhapatnam Steel Plant located? [2]
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[Recall]

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a (b) Why is it called a ‘shore-based’ plant? [Analysis]

(ii) (a) Small-scale industries play a vital role in fostering economic [2]
development in India. Give a reason to support this statement. [Understanding]

(b) State one difference between small-scale and large-scale industries. [Understanding]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 11 of 14
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(iii) Give a geographical reason to explain each of the following: [3]

(a) Setting up petrochemical plants near oil refineries proves beneficial. [Application]

(b) The electronic industry continues to shape our modern life and
living. [Analysis]

(c) The sugar industry continues to be a major industry of Uttar Pradesh. [Application]

(iv) (a) State two locational advantages that have helped Mumbai to emerge [3]
as an important centre of cotton-textile in India. [Analysis]

(b) Mention any two types of silk produced in India. [Recall]

Question 11

(i) Mention two advantages of road transport over rail transport. [2]
[Understanding]

(ii) State two reasons why perishable products are best transported with the [2]
help of roadways over short distances. [Analysis]

(iii) Explain any three problems faced by the railways in India. [3]
[Recall]
(iv) Give one reason to explain each of the following: [3]

(a) Coastal waterways predominate over inland waterways in Peninsular
India. [Understanding]

(b) Air transport is especially beneficial for relief and evacuation
purposes. [Understanding]

(c) Families with elderly members choose railways to travel from one
[Understanding]
place to another.

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 12 of 14

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Question 12 a
(i) (a) Identify the safe waste disposal method depicted in the picture below. [2]
Understanding]

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(b) How does it convert waste to wealth? [Analysis]

(ii) What is the significance of ‘Reduce’ in the 3R’s of sustainable waste [2]
management? [Understanding]

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(iii) (a) Name any two items of daily use that can be recycled. [3]

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[Understanding]

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(b) Explain two ways in which recycling is beneficial for the
[Analysis]
environment.

(iv) State three measures that can be taken at the household level to reduce solid [3]
waste generation. [Application]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 13 of 14
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Question No. 2
Index No.……………………………………………. UID……………………………..
(This map, if used, must be fastened with all other answers)
Map of India for Question 2.

<

ONLY FOR THE EXAMINER TOTAL
(i) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
(ii) (a) (b) (c) (d)

T27 502 - SPECIMEN 14 of 14
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For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 15 of 24

ICSE 2027 – SPECIMEN PAPER
DRAFT MARKING SCHEME – GEOGRAPHY (H.C.G. PAPER 2)

Question 1 [10]
(i) (a) Contour line
(b) Representative Fraction

(ii) (a) Cart track
(b) 4 kms

(iii) (a) Veterinary hospital / Dispensary/ Police Station
(Any two)
(b) 12 square km

(iv) (a) Post Office
(b) Dendritic

(v) (a) Causeways are raised roads that help people to cross minor seasonal streams
when they have water during monsoons.
(b) Fire lines prevent forest fires from spreading and help in protection of forest
reserves.

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 1 of 9

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[10]

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 2 of 9

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Question 3 [10]
(i) (d) Chennai

(ii) (c) Odisha

(iii) (b) Pure stands

(iv) (c) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(v) (c) Percolation pit

(vi) (c) R

(vii) (b) West Bengal

(viii) (a) Tata Steel

(ix) (b) Airways

(x) (d) Plastic bag

Question 4
(i) (a) The apparent southward migration of the sun during this time causes the [1]
Indian landmass to cool down that increases air pressure over land. As a
result, the monsoon trough weakens and the south-west monsoon winds begin
to withdraw.
(b) Kerala [1]
(ii) (a) Bay of Bengal Branch [1]
(b) Arabian Sea branch [1]
(iii) (a) The interior parts of the Deccan Plateau lie in the rain shadow region (leeward [1]
side) of the Western Ghats. Hence, the moisture-laden Southwest Monsoon
Winds of the Arabian Sea branch, become dry by the time they reach here /
the Bay of Bengal branch of the South West Monsoon winds run parallel to
the Eastern Coast and hence, no rainfall occurs from this source.
(b) Hills of peninsular India are low in elevation, hence do not receive [1]
snowfall.
(c) Chennai lies on the east coast that receives winter rainfall from the North- [1]
East Monsoon winds that pick-up moisture from the Bay of Bengal. Thus,
chances of outdoor cricket match getting abandoned is very high.

(iv) (a) August [1]
(b) 26.2 º C [1]
(c) The onset of the South-West Monsoon causes heavy rain that lowers the [1]
average temperature.

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 3 of 9

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(i)
a
(a) Soil is the only medium of plant growth. Hence, conserving soil will enable [1]
trees to grow and forests to develop.
(b) Soil cover, especially in vegetated areas, allow rainwater to infiltrate and [1]
collect underground. In this way, conserving soil can help to recharge
underground water table.

(ii) Both are red in colour due to high concentration of iron oxides / infertile soil / [1+1]
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porous and cannot retain moisture / acidic / coarse in texture / in-situ
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g [1]
(iii)
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(a) Black
g a soil is formed due to the weathering and denudation of basaltic lava
a
a rocks, which are dark in colour. Hence the
(b) Lime / Calcium / Potash / Iron / Magnesium
origin gives it its name, Black soil.

[½+ ½ ]
(Any two)
[1]
(c) Black soil develops at its place of origin, over the parent rock.

(iv) (a) Humus or decayed organic matter adds fertility to the soil and increases crop [1]
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production.
(b) Rice requires clayey soil that can hold moisture. Red soil is coarse and
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[1]
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porous, therefore unsuitable.

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(c) Khadar is more compact / has finer soil particles / more clayey / Bhangar is
a
coarser / has lime nodules called [1]

Question 6
(i) (a) Thick canopy blocks sunlight [1]
[1]
(b) > 200 cm of annual rainfall

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c. o Expands green cover / restores degraded land / creates awareness aboutsem
(ii) .co [1]

e m protection and conservation of forest l a [1]

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(Any two)

(iii) (a) The long roots help to draw water from deep underneath as rainfall is scanty. [1]
(b) Less than 25cm of rain per annum. [1]
(c) Parts of Rajasthan / Interior parts of Deccan Plateau / south-western Punjab/ [1]
Saurashtra region of Gujarat / Kutch.
(Any one)

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T27 502 – SPECIMEN 4 of 9

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(iv) Provides us with oxygen and purifies air / Absorbs carbon dioxide and reduces [1+1+1]
rate of global warming / Allows percolation of water and recharges ground
water / Flood control / Habitat for numerous species of plants & animals / Roots
hold the soil particles & checks soil erosion / Transpiration induces rainfall /
Provides raw materials to forest-based industries.
(Any three points)

Question 7
(i) • Waters the crops at the root zone and hence conserves water [1+1]
• As the water is provided in drops and released at a slow rate, it prevents wastage
of water due to evaporation and run off.

(ii) Region is flat and level for canals to be built / Presence of many perennial rivers / [1+1]
Soft soil / Agriculturally important so requires water
(Any two)

(iii) (a) Punjab / Haryana / Uttar Pradesh / Bihar / West Bengal [1]
(Any one)
(b) High groundwater table / Steady supply of electricity / Soft soil / Fertile, [1+1]
productive land that can make this expensive method viable
(Any two)

(iv) (a) Rainwater harvesting / Collection and storage of rainwater for future use [1]
(b) Collects and stores water for use in dry season / Recharges underground
water / Reduces ground water pollution / any other relevant point [1+1]
(Any two)

Question 8
(i) (a) Every rural household generates organic kitchen waste and animal waste [1]
which can be converted into useful biogas.
(b) Boon for Indian farmers:
• Generation of biogas produces bio-fertilizer as by-product.
• It reduces the volume of waste.
• It brings about improved hygiene in rural areas.
• It is cheap as no raw materials need to be purchased. [1]
(Any two)

(ii) (a) River Mahanadi [1]
(b) Odisha [1]

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 5 of 9

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(a) Natural gas is cheaper / cleaner, less polluting / eco-friendly
a
[1]
less greenhouse gases
(b) Copper adds strength when mixed with zinc to produce brass / mixed with tin [1]
to produce bronze
[1]
(c) Bituminous coal is abundantly found in India / high carbon content leading
to high calorific value

(iv) (a) Solar energy [1]
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(b) •
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Clean source of energy
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• se l a
l a Reduces pressure on fossil fuel
ag [1]
ag • Cheaper in the long run (Any one)

(c) India has a tropical location and receives more or less strong rays of the sun
[1]
for a large part of the year.

Question 9
(i) Problems of Indian agriculture: [1+1]
m
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• Too much dependence on rainfall which is erratic, unevenly distributed and

em
hence, unreliable.
•
la s
Illiteracy of farmers leads to reluctance in using modern scientific methods of
farming.
ag
• Poverty in the farming community does not allow farmers to use high yielding
seeds, fertilisers, pesticides and irrigation facilities.
• Fragmentation of land holding makes agriculture less profitable.
• Lack of easy finance and credit facilities for poor farmers keep them debt-
ridden in the hands of unscrupulous moneylenders.
• Pressure of population on land degrades soil quality that reduces yields.
•
o m
m
Primitive land tenure system exploits poor farmers.
c
. two)
c. o s e m
(Any

e m l a
l as (a) Bumper production of food crops / self-sufficiencyagin food grains,
ag
(ii) [1]
removed food scarcity / stimulated industrial growth / raised rural
income / reduced imports and saved foreign exchange
(Any one)
(b) Irrigation / High Yielding Variety seeds / Pesticides / fertilisers /farm
machinery.
(Any two) [1]

m .
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s em l a
la ag
T27 502 – SPECIMEN 6 of 9

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(iii) (a) Tea [1]
(b) Conditions for tea in the hills of West Bengal: [½+ ½ ]
• Temperature-10-35 degrees Celsius,
• Rainfall-150-250 cm well distributed throughout the year
• Shade is needed as it is sensitive to direct sunlight,
• Deep, well-drained, friable loamy soil rich in nitrogen
• Sloping land to avoid stagnation of water at root zone
• Between 900 to 2000 metres altitude
(Any two) [1]

(c) Assam

(iv) (a) Mixed farming [1]
(b) Provides more than one source of income / saves expenditure as animal waste
is used as manure & crop residue is used as fodder / animal products [1]
substitute income in case of crop failure, reduces risk.
(c) Cash crops are grown specifically to sell for profit in the market rather than
for the farmer’s own consumption. [1]

Question 10
(i) (a) Andhra Pradesh [1]
(b) Vishakhapatnam has a coastal location and hence called a shore-based plant. [1]

(ii) (a) Provide employment opportunities to skilled and unskilled labour / do not [1]
require large capital /contribute to national income / boosts export
(Any one)
(b) Large scale industries employ large numbers of workers / need large capital [1]
investment / production of goods is on a large-scale. Small scale industries
require less capital and labour.
(Any one)

(iii) (a) The by-products of petroleum refining process serve as raw materials to the [1]
petrochemical industries / reduces transport cost
(b) Smart devices reduce our workload at home / contributes to health care / [1]
communication network / entertainment / any suitable & pertinent example
(c) Uttar Pradesh continues to be a large producer of sugarcane, the chief raw
material for the sugar industry. [1]

(iv) (a) Steady supply of raw cotton from the nearby black soil region of Deccan [1+1]
Plateau / good network of transport to bring raw materials and distribute

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 7 of 9

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m
m .co
m .co s em
se finished goods / humid climate favours spinning / lcheap
g a hydel power /
a labour
excellent financial and credit facilities / abundant cheap
(Any two) [½+ ½ ]
(b) Mulberry / Eri / Tussar / Muga
(Any two)

Question 11
m
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•
m
(i) Roads are cheaper and easier to build. [1+1]
•
.co
Suitable for short and medium distances.
s e m
•
s em l a
ag
Connect rural areas with urban centres.
• g la and provide door-to-door service.
a
Flexible
• Complement other modes of transport.

(Any two)

(ii) • Perishable products need to be transported fast without stopping at various [1+1]
stations along the way.
m
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• They can be delivered directly at the markets, to the consumers.
•
em
The timings are flexible, can depart and arrive as per the needs of the hour.
s
•
g la to meet the need of the consumers.
Routes are flexible and can be altered
a (Any two)

(iii) • Railway tracks cannot be laid in hilly rugged terrain. [3]
• It is difficult and expensive to build a railway network where there are many
rivers and streams like in the north-eastern part of India.
• It offers less flexibility in routes and timings.
m
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• It cannot cross oceans and seas and hence unsuitable for international trade.
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•
em three)
Needs huge capital investment.

em las(Any
s
la (iv) ag
ag (a) Peninsular India is surrounded by seas and oceans on three sides giving it [1]
long coastline / peninsular rivers are seasonal, flow over uneven terrain, have
rapids & waterfalls, hence unfit for navigation.
[1]
(b) Air transport is quick / can cross physical barriers / travel to remote areas /
drop food, water, medicines directly to victims / airlift injured and stranded
people [1]

m .
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s em l a
la ag
T27 502 – SPECIMEN 8 of 9

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(c) Railways offer a comfortable journey especially for long distance travel as it
provides facilities to sleep and stretch. Hence it is preferred for elderly
members.

Question 12
(i) (a) Composting [1]
(b) Composting converts organic wastes to nutrient-rich manure through natural [1]
processes of decomposition. This manure helps to fertilise soil and enhance
crop production without incurring expense.

(ii) • Reduction of waste prevents waste accumulation and its negative impacts. [1+1]
• It saves valuable natural resources
• Decreases rate of pollution
• Reduces emission of greenhouse gases
(Any two)
(iii) (a) Newspaper / waste paper / broken glass / plastic items / metal objects / any [1]
other pertinent answer
(Any two)
(b) • Conserves natural resources [2]
• Reduces waste accumulation
• Reduces pollution
(Any two)

(iv) Measures at household level: [1+1+1]
Segregation of waste / Reuse wastes / Reduce waste generation / Composting /
Judicious use of natural resources / any relevant point
(Any three)

T27 502 – SPECIMEN 9 of 9

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