Maharashtra HSC Syllabus Organisation of Commerce

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Organization of Commerce and Management (51)

that business is an integral component of society
Introduction and develops an understanding of many social
Now it becomes necessary to give formal, and ethical issues. Besides, it also informs
traditional, recent education in Commerce and students of a range of study and work options
Industry along with practical knowledge so as and bridge the gap between Secondary and
to enable the students to have good Higher secondary education.
understanding of the basic concepts of
globalised world and its relationship with the General Objective
society.
To develop student’s understanding of
Council of Boards of School Education the
in India ( COBSE) has taken the responsibility
Processes of business and its environment.
of bringing out ‘Common contents in
To acquaint students with the dynamic
commerce’ at + 2 stages of secondary level. It nature and inter - dependent aspects of
is a dynamic process that brings together business.
technology, natural resources and human
To help the students understand the
initiative in a constantly changing global economic and social significance of
environment. Information Technology is business activity.
becoming a part of educational operations.
To acquaint students with the practice of
Computerized systems are fast and replacing managing the operations and resources
other systems. This curriculum will prepare of business.
students to analyse, manage, evaluate and
To enable the students to be aware of
respond to change which affects seriously. It socio – economic and ethical dimensions
provides a way of looking at and interacting of business.
with the business environment.
To acquire with the knowledge of new
This syllabi introduces 80-20 pattern of trends in the field of business.
evaluation. Comprising 80 marks Theory and
To enhance the interest of students while
20 marks practical being need of the time. doing the practical work like projects.
Practical approach is introduced. After doing a
comparative study of syllabi of different Boards Specific Objectives
like C.B.S.E, ICSE, regarding their syllabi at +
To acquire the knowledge of nature and
2 level, this curriculum is prepared which shows scope of business, small business.
common contents in commerce at the national
To understand private, public and global
level. The suggestions and recommendations enterprises including Internal trade.
received from various Boards regarding
To know about international business.
commerce subjects are considered in this
To understand about business environment.
curriculum. It allows students to appreciate

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To know about marketing process. secondary, tertiary.

To understand the nature and significance
Commerce-Trade-Auxiliaries.
of management.
Business risks – nature and causes.
UNIT-2 Small Business
Note :
Small scale industry- Tiny sector, cottage
1) This syllabus is prepared according to the and rural industry.
guidelines of N.C.F 2005.
Role of small business in rural India.
2) This syllabus is compared with CBSE and
Problems of small business in India.
ICSE Board – XI and XII syllabi pattern.
Government Assistance and special
3) The instructions introduced in N.C.F. – schemes for industries in rural, backward
2005 are included in this syllabus. and hilly areas.
4) While considering the N.C.F. 2005 it is UNIT-3 Private, Public and Global
observed that in XI-syllabi unit No. 7 and Enterprises.
8 and in XII syllabi unit No. 9 and 10, are
Private Sector and Public Sector.
already included in the subject-Secretarial
Forms of organizing public sector
Practice in the current syllabus. In view of enterprises – Departmental undertaking,
this, to avoid the repetation of the above Statutory corporation, Government
mentioned units of Stds. XI and XII these company.
topics are deleated.
Changing role of public sector.
5) CBSE and ICSE BOARDS DO NOT have
Global Enterprises (Multinational
the subjects ‘Secretarial Practice’ and ‘Co- companies)
operation’. These subjects are available
Joint Ventures – meaning, benefits.
only in Maharashtra State. Hence, the UNIT- 4 Internal Trade
Board of studies proposes that no change
Meaning and types of internal trade
is necessary in S.P. and Co-operation as Wholesale Trade and Retail Trade.
these are newly constructed (Except,
Services of a wholesaler and a retailer.
Business Finance to be included in S.P.)
Types of Retail Trade -
subjects.
Itinerant retailers and Fixed shops,
Std. – XI Departmental store, Super market, Chain
UNIT-1 Nature and Scope of Business stores.

Concept and characteristics of business
Role of Chamber of Commerce and

Business, Profession and Employment- industry.
Meaning and distinctive features. UNIT - 5 International Business

Objectives of business-economic and
Nature, importance, scope and
social, role of profit in business. complexities involved in international

Classification of business activities- business.
Industry and Commerce.
Basic information about ways of entering

Industry – Types of industries- primary, into international business.

Contract manufacturing, licensing

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franchising, joint ventures and setting up
Nature of management, management as
wholly owned subsidies. Science, Art, profession.

Export – import procedures and
Levels of management – top, middle,
documentation. supervisory (first level).

Foreign Trade promotion organizational Special Note :
support and incentives. Nature and Readers of this textbook may find some
importance of export processing zone/ extra information in the various topics,
Special Economic zones. which is related to the current reference

International Trade Institutions and and changes in the commercial business
Agreement. environment. The object of this information
W.T.O.UNCTAD, WORLD BANK, I.M.F. is to give current changes and updated
UNIT-6 Business Environment reference to the students. No questions

Business Environment – meaning and will be set on this extra information
importance. introduced in the textbook.

Dimensions of Business Environment – Some Subjects for Projects (Based on
Economic, social, Technological, political XI Syllabi)
and legal. Organization of Commerce and Management

Economic environment in India. Impact of 1) Information about Automatic Machines
Government policy changes on business 2) Report of service industry
and industry with special reference to 3) Report of seasonal goods
adoption of the policies of liberalization 4) An interview of an Agent
privatization and globalization. 5) Different types of insurance policies
UNIT- 7 Marketing 6) Pictorial presentation & information about

Marketing – meaning, functions, role. a Mall

Distinction between marketing and selling. 7) Different / Samples of Quotations

Marketing Mix – concept and elements- 8) A visit to a manufacturing industry

Product – nature, classification, branding 9) An interview of a wholesaler / Retailer
labelling and packaging. 10) An interview of two successfull self –

Physical distribution – meaning, role employed persons
Channels of distribution – meaning, types, 11) An interview of a Franchiser
factors determining choice of channels. 12) E – Commerce: Need of todays’ business

Promotion – meaning and role, promotion world
mix, Role of Advertising and personal 13) Different attractive packagings
selling objections to Advertising. 14) A visit to a Bank

Price – factors influencing pricing. 15) Collection of banking instruments of
UNIT-8 Nature and significance of various banks
management (Cheques, Demand Drafts, Pass book,

Management – concept, objectives, withdrawl, Pay- in- slips etc)
importance

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16) Employment opportunities arised due to
Starting a business – Basic factors.
transport
Choice of forms of business organizations.
17) Attractive Advertisements – UNIT-2 Business services
Advertisements in the news papers, T.V.
Nature and types of Business services –
media, Radio Advertising, etc. Banking, Insurance, Transportation,
18) Report of Branded goods Warehousing, communication.
19) A visit to a warehouse
Banking – types of banks, functions of
20) A visit to well equipped commercial office. commercial banks, E – banking.
N.B – Students are free to select any topic
Insurance – principles & types of life, fire,
other than the topics given above but marine insurances.
it must be related to the syllabus
Postal and Telecom services.
Specific Objectives
Warehousing – types and functions.
 To know about different forms of business
Transport – meaning, role, means.
organizations and Business services. UNIT -3 Emerging modes of Business
 To understand the emerging modes of
E – business – Meaning, Scope and
business. benefits. Resource required for successful
 To know about social responsibilities of E –Business implementation.On – line
business and business ethics. transactions, payment mechanism.
 To understand the concept of consumer
Security and safety of business
protection and role of consumer transactions.
organisations.
Outsourcing – Concept, need and scope.
 To understand the principles, functions of UNIT-4 Social Responsibilities of
management. business and business ethics.
 To know about Entrepreneurship
Concept of social responsibility.
development.
Cases for social responsibility.

Responsibility towards different interest
Std. XII groups, owners, investors, employees,
consumers, government, community, public
UNIT-1 Forms of business in general.
organizations
Business ethics – concept and elements.

Sole proprietorship, Joint Hindu Family
Business and environmental protection.
Business – meaning, features, merits and UNIT-5 Consumer protection
demerits.
Importance of consumer protection.

Partnership – meaning, types, registration,
Rights of consumers
merits, limitations, types of partners.
Consumer responsibilities.

Co – Operative societies – types, merits
Ways and means of consumer protection.
and limitations.
Consumer awareness and legal redressal

Company – Private Ltd, Public Ltd – with special reference to Consumer
merits, limitations. Protection Act.

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Role of Consumer Organization and 6. Information about the businesses who are
NGOS. working in the private and public
UNIT-6 Principles of Management sector.

Principles of Management – meaning, 7. Effects on environment – (List of
nature and significance. information of industries)

Fayol’s Principles of Management. 8. Information about the business groups who

Taylor’s scientific management – Principles are famous in their social
and Techniques. accountability (e.g. Tata, Reliance, etc.)
UNIT-7 Functions of Management 9. An interview of those persons who are

Planning – Meaning, Nature, Importance. aware of consumer welfare and their rights.

Organizing – Meaning, Nature, Importance. 10. Information about a training institute,

Staffing – Meaning, Nature, Importance. giving training to consumers about Their

Directing – Meaning, Nature, Importance. rights.

Controlling – Meaning, Nature, 11. Prepare a report of any cottage industry
Importance. doing planning on the basis of co-

Co – ordinating – Meaning, Nature, operation.
Importance. 12. Information about students co-operative
UNIT-8 Entrepreneurship Development stores.

Concept, Functions and Need. 13. Plan and project report of any function.

Entrepreneurship: Characteristics and 14. An interview of a eminent businessman.
Competencies. 15. Detail information about the various

Process of entrepreneurship development. services offered by a big business group.

Entrepreneurship Values: Attitudes and 16. Information of any two business groups
Motivation- Meaning and concept. who have secured I.S.O. 9000.
17. How will you plan against any natural
Some topics for Projects calamity in your area.
(Based on Std. XII Syllabus) 18. How will you plan for keeping
List of Topics for projects (maintaining) best highest Quality of the
1. An interview of sole trader goods produced by group.
2. Partnership firm :- process & procedure 19. Information about the institute who gives
3. Joint Hindu family – An affectionate career guidance.
business 20. Bad effects of various festivals on the
4. Collection of Common seals of different environment.
Joint stock companies and the N.B –
relevant information about common seals Students are free to select any topic other
5. Visit to a co-operative society, co-operative than the topics given above;
credit societies, patpedhis, but that should be related to the topic of
consumer co-operative stores and prepare the syllabi.
a report of such visits.