ICSE Class 9 Syllabus 2027 Geography (Thailand)

ICSE YEAR 2027

INDIAN CERTIFICATE OF
SECONDARY EDUCATION
EXAMINATION

H.C.G (58)
GEOGRAPHY
(THAILAND)

February 2025
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MISSION STATEMENT

The Council for the Indian School Certificate
Examinations is committed to serving the nation's
children, through high quality educational
endeavours, empowering them to contribute towards
a humane, just and pluralistic society, promoting
introspective living, by creating exciting learning
opportunities, with a commitment to excellence.

ETHOS OF CISCE

Trust and fair play.
Minimum monitoring.
Allowing schools to evolve their own niche.
Catering to the needs of the children.
Giving freedom to experiment with new ideas
and practices.
Diversity and plurality - the basic strength for
evolution of ideas.
Schools to motivate pupils towards the
cultivation of:
Excellence - The Indian and Global
experience.
Values - Spiritual and cultural - to be the bedrock
of the educational experience.
Schools to have an 'Indian Ethos', strong roots in
the national psyche and be sensitive to national
aspirations.

HISTORY, CIVICS AND GEOGRAPHY(Thailand) (58)
GEOGRAPHY (THAILAND)
H.C.G.(Thailand) - Paper - 2

Candidates offering History, Civics and Geography are not eligible to offer History, Civics and Geography
(Thailand).

Aims:
1. To develop an understanding of terms, concepts and 4. To acquire knowledge of and appreciate the
principles related to Geography. interdependence of nations and different regions of
the world.
2. To explain the cause- effect relationships of natural
phenomena. 5. To understand and encourage human efforts made to
conserve and protect the natural environment.
3. To understand the use of natural resources and
development of regions. 6. To acquire practical skills related to the meaning
and use of maps and their importance in the study of
Geography.

CLASS IX
There will be one paper of two hours duration (iii) Rotation and Revolution.
carrying 80 marks and Internal Assessment of 20
marks. Rotation – direction, speed and its effects
(occurrence of day and night, the sun rising in
Candidates will be expected to make the fullest use of
the east and setting in the west, Coriolis effect)
sketches, diagrams, graphs and charts in their
answers. Revolution of the earth and its inclined axis –
Questions may require answers involving the effects: the variation in the length of the day
interpretation of photographs of geographical and night and seasonal changes with
interest. Equinoxes and Solstices.

PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHY 2. Structure of the Earth
(i) Earth’s Structure
1. Our World
Core, mantle, crust – meaning, extent and
(i) Earth as a planet
their composition.
Shape of the earth. Earth as the home of
humankind and the conditions that exist. (ii) Landforms of the Earth
(ii) Geographic grid - Latitudes and Longitudes Mountains, plateaus, plains (definition, types
and their formation):
Concept of latitudes: main latitudes, their
Mountains – fold, residual and block.
location with degrees, parallels of latitude
and their uses. Plateaus – intermont and volcanic.
Concept of longitudes - Prime Meridian, time Plains – structural and depositional.
[local, standard and time zones, Greenwich Examples from the world and Thailand
Mean Time (GMT) and International Date
Line (IDL)]. Eastern and Western (iii) Rocks
hemisphere. Using latitudes and longitudes to Rocks - difference between minerals and
find location. Calculation of time. rocks, types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary,
Great Circles and their use.

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metamorphic, their characteristics and • Factors affecting temperature: latitude,
formation; rock cycle. altitude, distance from the sea, slope of
(iv) Volcanoes land, winds and ocean currents.
Meaning, Types – active, dormant and extinct. (iii) Atmospheric Pressure and Winds.
Effects – constructive and destructive. • Meaning and factors that affect
Important volcanic zones of the world. atmospheric pressure.

(v) Earthquakes • Major pressure belts of the world.
Meaning, causes and measurement. • Factors affecting direction and velocity of
wind – pressure gradient, Coriolis Effect.
Effects: destructive and constructive.
• Permanent winds – Trades, Westerlies and
Earthquake zones of the World
Polar Easterlies.
(vi) Weathering and Denudation.
• Periodic winds - Land and Sea breezes,
Meaning, types and effects of weathering. Monsoons.
Types: Physical Weathering – block and • Local winds - Loo, Chinook, Foehn and
granular disintegration, exfoliation; Mistral.
Chemical Weathering–oxidation, carbonation, • Variable winds - Cyclones and
hydration and solution; Anticyclones of China
Biological Weathering – caused by humans, • Jet Streams- Meaning and importance.
plants and animals.
(iv) Humidity
Meaning and agents of denudation; work of
river and wind. • Humidity – meaning and difference
between relative and absolute humidity.
Stages of a river course and associated land
forms – V-shaped valley, waterfall, meander • Condensation – forms (clouds, dew, frost,
and delta. fog and mist).
Wind – deflation hollows and Sand dunes. • Precipitation - forms (rain, snow, and
hail).
3. Hydrosphere
• Types of rainfall – relief/orographic,
Meaning; Tides; Ocean Currents. convectional, cyclonic/ frontal with
Meaning of hydrosphere; Tides - formation and examples from the different parts of the
pattern; Ocean Currents – their circulation world.
pattern and effects. (Specifically of Gulf Stream, 5. Pollution
North Atlantic Drift, Labrador Current, Kuro
(a) Types - air, water (fresh and marine), soil,
Shio, Oya Shio, Andaman Sea of the Indian
radiation and noise.
Ocean, eastern shoreline of the Malay Peninsula
and Pacific Ocean). (b) Sources
4. Atmosphere • Noise: Traffic, factories, construction
sites, loud speakers, airports.
(i) Composition and structure of the atmosphere.
• Air: vehicular, industrial, burning of
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere and garbage.
Exosphere; Ozone in the Stratosphere, its • Water: domestic and industrial waste.
depletion. Global warming, its impact.
• Soil: chemical fertilizers, bio medical
(ii) Insolation waste and pesticides.
• Meaning of insolation and terrestrial (c) Effects - on the environment and human
radiation. health.
(d) Preventive Measures

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Car pools, promotion of public transport, no INTERNAL ASSESSMENT
smoking zone, restricted use of fossil fuels,
saving energy and encouragement of organic PRACTICAL WORK/ PROJECT WORK
farming. 1. A record file having any three of the following
6. Natural Regions of the World exercises will be maintained. (The file will be
evaluated out of 10 marks).
Location, area, climate, natural vegetation and
human adaptation. (a) Uses of important types of maps.
(b) Directions and how to identify them - an
Equatorial region, Tropical grasslands, Tropical illustrative diagram.
Deserts, Tropical Monsoon, Mediterranean,
Temperate grasslands, Taiga and Tundra. (c) Reading and using statement of scale, graphic
scale and scale shown by representative
7. Map Work fraction method. (No drawing work, only
On an outline map of the World, candidates will explaining their meanings).
be required to locate, mark and name the (d) Reading of one town guide map or an atlas
following: map. (Recognising the symbols and colours
1. The major Natural Regions of the world - used, identifying directions and distances).
Equatorial, Tropical Monsoon, Tropical (e) Drawing and recognising forms of important
Deserts, Mediterranean type, Tropical contours viz. valleys, ridges, types of slopes,
grasslands, Temperate grasslands, Taiga and conical hill, plateau, escarpment and sea cliff.
Tundra. (f) Drawing at least one sketch map to organize
2. The Oceans, Seas, Gulfs and Straits - all information about visiting an important place,
Major Oceans, Caribbean Sea, North Sea, a zoo or a monument.
Black Sea, Caspian Sea, South China Sea, 2. Candidates will be required to prepare a project
Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Carpentaria, report on any one topic. The topics for
Hudson Bay, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, assignments may be selected from the list of
Gulf of Guinea, Bering Strait, Strait of suggested assignments given below. Candidates
Gibraltar, Strait of Malacca. can also take up an assignment of their choice
3. Rivers – Mississippi, Colorado, Amazon, under any of the four broad areas given below.
Paraguay, Nile, Zaire, Niger, Zambezi, (The project will be evaluated out of 10 marks).
Orange, Rhine, Volga, Danube, Murray,
Darling, Hwang Ho, Yangtse Kiang, Indus,
Ganga, Mekong, Irrawaddy, Tigris, Suggested list of Assignments:
Euphrates. (a) Weather records: Maintaining and interpreting
4. Mountains – Rockies, Andes, Appalachian, weather records as found in the newspaper for at
Alps, Himalayas, Pyrenees, Scandinavian least one season.
Highlands, Caucasus, Atlas, Drakensburg, (b) Collection of data from secondary sources
Khinghan, Zagros, Urals, Great Dividing (Using Modern techniques i.e. GPS, Remote
Range. Sensing, Aerial Photography and Satellite
imageries): Preparing a Power Point presentation
5. Plateaus – Canadian Shield, Tibetan Plateau,
on current issues like – use of earth resources/
Brazilian Highlands, Patagonian Plateau, development activities/dangers of development
Iranian Plateau, Mongolian Plateau. and ecological disasters like droughts,
earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, landslides
cyclones and tornadoes in the world.
(c) Physical Features: Collection of data from
primary and secondary sources or taking
photographs and preparing notional sketches of
features found in the vicinity or areas visited
during the year as a part of school activity.

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(d) Find out the sources of pollution of water bodies (f) Area Studies: Choosing any aspect from World
in the locality and determine the quality of water. Studies and preparing a PowerPoint presentation
(e) Collect information on global environmental or a write up on it.
issues and problems and communicate your (g) Meteorological Instruments and their uses:
findings through appropriate modes (posters, Six’s maximum and minimum thermometer,
charts, collages, cartoons, handouts, essays, street mercury barometer, aneroid barometer, wind
plays and PowerPoint presentation). vane, anemometer, rain gauge and hygrometer.

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