NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 4 Industries

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 8TH

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Book : Resource And Development Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

Class : 8th
Subject : Geography
Chapter : 5
Chapter Name : Industries

Q1 With the help of an atlas identify some iron and steel industries in India and mark their
location on an outline map of India.

Answer. DIY

Page : 55 , Block Name : Let’s do

Q1 On an outline map of the world mark the places which provide raw material to cotton
textile industry of Osaka

Answer. DIY

Page : 58 , Block Name : Let’s do

Q1 Answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
(ii) Which are the main factors which in uence the location of an industry?
(iii) Which industrty is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why? (iv)
Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?

Answer. (i) The term ‘industry’ refers to an economic activity that is concerned with the
production of goods (e.g., iron and steel industry), extraction of minerals (e.g., coal mining
industry) or provision of services (e.g., tourism industry).
(ii) Factors in uencing the location of an industry:
(a) Availability of raw material
(b) Availability of land
(c) Adequate supply of water
(d) Adequate supply of labour
(e) Access to power
(f) Amount of capital
(g) Access to transport
(h) Presence of market
(iii) The iron and steel industry is a feeder industry whose products are used as raw materials
in other industries. This is why it is referred to as the backbone of modern industry. Almost
everything that we use is either made of iron or steel, or has been made using tools and
machinery made of these metals.

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Book : Resource And Development Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

(iv) The cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai because of its locational
advantages. The warm and moist climate (ideal for spinning and weaving), the nearness to a
sea port (important for importing machinery), and the availability of raw material and skilled
labour are some of the factors that resulted in the growth of this industry in Mumbai.
(v) Similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California:
(a) Presence of high quality educational institutions, and advanced scienti c and
technological centres
(b) Pleasant climate and clean environment
(c) Presence of good quality, skilled workforce
(d) Access to markets
(e) Well-developed and well-connected

Q2 Tick the correct answer.
(i) Fort Gloster is located in
(a) West Bengal
(b) California
(c) Gujarat
(ii) Which one of the following is a natural bre?
(a) nylon
(b) jute
(c) acryclic

Answer. (i)-(a)
(ii)-(b)

Q3 Distinguish between the followings.
(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

Answer. (i) Agro-based- (a) Uses plant and animal products as raw materials
(b) Source of employment for people in rural areas
(c) Example: Dairy industry, cotton textile industry
mineral based industry- (a) Uses mineral ores as raw materials
(b) Source of employment for people in rural as well as urban areas
(c) Example: Iron and steel industry, heavy machinery industry
(ii) Public sector - (a) Owned and operated by the government
(b) Example: Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Steel Authority of India Limited
joint sector industry- (a) Jointly owned and operated by the government and individuals or a
group of individuals
(b) Example: Maruti Udyog Limited

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Book : Resource And Development Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Geography

Q4 Give two examples of the following in the space provided :
(i) Raw Materials: _____________ and _____________________
(ii) End products: _______________ and _________________________
(iii) Tertiary Activities: ________________ and __________
(iv) Agro-based Industries: ____________ and ____________
(v) Cottage Industries: ___________ and ________________
(vi) Co-operatives: ______________________ and _____________

Answer. (i) Raw materials: cotton and steel
(ii) End product: shirt and safety pin
(iii) Tertiary activities: banking and transport
(iv) Agro-based industries: dairy industry and cotton textile industry
(v) Cottage industries: pottery industry and basket-weaving industry
(vi) Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy

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