NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science (Geography) Chapter 5 Human Resources

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 8TH

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Book : Resource And Development Ncert Solutions | Chapter-6 Geography

Class : 8th
Subject : Geography
Chapter : 6
Chapter Name : Human Resources

Q1 Answer the following questions.
(i) Why are people considered a resource?
(ii) What are the causes for the uneven distribution of population in the world?
(iii) The world population has grown very rapidly. Why?
(iv) Discuss the role of any two factors in uencing population change.
(v) What is meant by population composition?
(vi) What are population pyramids? How do they help in understanding about the population
of a country?

Answer. (i) People can make the best use of nature to create more resources when they have
the knowledge, skill and technology to do so. This is why human beings are considered a
resource. It is the abilities of human beings which help in transferring a physical material into
a valuable resource.
(ii) The distribution of population in the world is uneven—some areas are very crowded while
some are sparsely populated. Geographical, social, cultural and economic factors affect the
distribution of population. The atness of land, moderate climatic conditions, fertility of soil,
availability of fresh water, presence of mineral deposits are the geographical factors that affect
the population distribution.
The presence of good housing, educational and health facilities; proximity to centres of
religious or cultural signi cance, and the presence of employment opportunities are some of
the socio-economic factors that in uence how different regions are populated.
(iii) The world population has grown very rapidly because the death rate has gone down as a
result of the growth of food supplies and the improvement of medical facilities. Also, unlike
the death rate, the birth rate has remained quite high.
(iv) The birth rate and the death rate are two factors that in uence population change. The
birth rate is the number of live births per 1000 people while the death rate is the number of
deaths per 1000 people. These are the natural causes of population change. When the birth
rate is higher than the death rate, population increases. When the death rate is more than the
birth rate, population decreases. When the two rates are equal, the population remains
constant. Thus, the birth and death rates affect the balance of population.
(v) Population composition refers to the structure of the population of a particular region. The
composition of a population helps us to know the number of males and females comprising
the population, their age groups, educational and technological skills, occupations, income
levels, health conditions, etc.
(vi) The population pyramid or the age−sex pyramid is a graphical illustration that is used for

Page 1 of 2 Aglasem Schools

Book : Resource And Development Ncert Solutions | Chapter-6 Geography

studying the population composition of a country. It shows the present number of males and
females in a country along with their age groups. The age-group distribution of population
tells us the number of dependents and the number of economically active individuals present
in the population.

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercises

Q2 Tick the correct answer.
(i) Which does the term population distribution refer to?
(a) How population in a speci ed area changes over time.
(b) The number of people who die in relation to the number of people born in a speci ed area.
(c) The way in which people are spread across a given area.
(ii) Which are three main factors that cause population change?
(a) Births, deaths and marriage
(b) Births, deaths and migration
(c) Births, deaths and life expectancy
(iii) In 1999, the world population reached
(a) 1 billion
(b) 3 billion
(c) 6 billion
(iv) What is a population pyramid?
(a) A graphical presentation of the age, sex composition of a population.
(b) When the population density of an area is so high that people live in tall buildings.
(c) Pattern of population distribution in large urban areas.

Answer. (i)-(c)
(ii)-(b)
(iii)-(c)
(iv)-(a)

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercises

Q3 Complete the sentences below using some of the following words.
sparsely, favourable, fallow, arti cial, fertile, natural, extreme, densely
When people are attracted to an area it becomes ....................... populated Factors that
in uence this include ....................... climate; good supplies of ....................... resources and
....................... land.

Answer. When people are attracted to an area it becomes densely populated. Factors that
in uence this include favourable climate; good supplies of natural resources and fertile land.

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercises

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