ICSE Class 10 Syllabus 2028 Technical Drawing Applications

ICSE
INDIAN CERTIFICATE OF
SECONDARY EDUCATION
EXAMINATION
YEAR 2028

TECHNICAL DRAWING
APPLICATIONS
(65)

Developed by:
Research, Development and Curriculum Division (RDCD)
CISCE

January 2026
____________________________________________________________________________________________

© Copyright, Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
All rights reserved. The copyright to this publication and any part thereof solely vests in the Council for the Indian
School Certificate Examinations. This publication and no part thereof may be reproduced, transmitted, distributed or
stored in any manner whatsoever, without the prior written approval of the Council for the Indian School Certificate
Examinations.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)

MISSION STATEMENT

The Council for the Indian School Certificate
Examinations is committed to serving the nation's
children, through high quality educational
endeavours, empowering them to contribute towards
a humane, just and pluralistic society, promoting
introspective living, by creating exciting learning
opportunities, with a commitment to excellence.

ETHOS OF CISCE

Trust and fair play.
Minimum monitoring.
Allowing schools to evolve their own niche.
Catering to the needs of the children.
Giving freedom to experiment with new ideas
and practices.
Diversity and plurality - the basic strength for
evolution of ideas.
Schools to motivate pupils towards the
cultivation of:
Excellence - The Indian and Global
experience.
Values - Spiritual and cultural - to be the bedrock
of the educational experience.
Schools to have an 'Indian Ethos', strong roots in
the national psyche and be sensitive to national
aspirations.

CLASS X
There will be one written paper of three hours duration carrying 100 marks and Internal Assessment of 100 marks.

THEORY – 100 Marks
SECTION A

1. Geometrical Constructions based on Plane Geometry
(a) Division of a line into equal or proportional parts: Construction of a triangle/ quadrilateral when its
perimeter and the ratio of the lengths of its sides are given.
(b) Division of a circle into equal parts (4, 6, 8, 12) using set square or compasses.
(c) To find the length of an arc/circumference of a circle.
(d) An angle and a circle touching its sides.
(e) A circle of given radius passing through two given points.
(f) An arc passing through three non-collinear points.
(g) A continuous arc passing through not more than 5 non-collinear points.
(h) A regular polygon (3, 4, 5, 6 sides) with special methods (side given).
(i) Construction of a regular octagon in a square (side of the square = distance between parallel sides of a
octagon).
(j) More than one polygon (sides 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) on a common base on the same side/opposite sides.
(k) Inscribing/Circumscribing a circle on a regular polygon (3, 4, 5, 6 sides).
(l) Inscribe/Circumscribe a circle of given radius by a regular polygon up to six sides.
(m) In a regular polygon to draw the same number of equal circles as the sides of the polygon each circle
touching one /two sides of the polygon and two of the other circles externally.
(n) Outside a regular polygon to draw the same number of equal circles as the sides of the polygon each
touching one side of the polygon and two of the other circles externally.
(o) Regular hexagon and 3 equal circles inside it touching one side/ two sides of the hexagon and the other
two circles externally.
(p) A circle and (3, 4, 5, 6,) equal circles inside it touching internally and touching each other externally.
(q) Tangents to a circle at a point on the circumference.
(r) Direct common tangents/Transverse common tangents to two equal/unequal circles. Also, to measure
and record their lengths.
(s) Drawing (not more than three) circles touching each other externally and also touching two converging
lines (radius of one of the circles is given).

2. Area constructions
(a) Constructions based on the application of area theorems (area of polygons).
(b) Converting the given polygon into a triangle having equal/half/double the area of the polygon.
(c) Changing given triangles (2 or 3) into a single triangle having the area equal to the sum of the areas of the
given triangles.

5

Methods for constructing:
• a scalene triangle / isosceles triangle /a right angled triangle equal to the area / half the area / twice the
area of any given quadrilateral.
• a parallelogram equal in area to any given triangle.
• a triangle equal in area to the sum of any two / three given triangles.
• a triangle equal in area / half the area to any given regular pentagon / hexagon.
• a triangle of a given base / altitude, equal in area to another given triangle.
• a triangle equal in area to ½ or twice the area of any given triangle.
• a square equal in area to any given parallelogram / triangle / rectangle.
• a square, equal in area to any given regular pentagon / hexagon.

3. Templates as an application of geometrical constructions and other constructions such as:
(a) Arc of a given radius touching a given line and passing through a given point.
(b) Arc of given radius touching two intersecting straight lines.
(c) Arc of given radius touching a given arc and a straight line.
(d) Arc of a given radius touching two given arcs (externally/internally).
(To redraw the given figure and insert the dimensions).
Applying the construction methods, involving circles, tangential, circles / arcs /straight lines and points, for
constructing TEMPLATES of various shapes.

4. Scales
(a) To find the R.F. (Representative Fraction) and the scale length from the given data by showing neat
working.
(b) Construction of a plain scale/diagonal scale.
(c) Use of constructed scale in the preparation of field drawing scale diagram (Enough data to be provided).
Definition of R.F. formula. Finding the Representative Fraction (R.F.) and the Scale length by the given
data by showing neat working/lettering. Construction of Plain and Diagonal Scales in different units of
linear measurements, and marked and numbered accordingly. Transferring the required measurements,
from the constructed scale, to create finished Scaled drawings, of: field drawings / templates / Orthographic
projections / plane geometrical constructions.

5. Engineering Curves
An ellipse, a parabola
Engineering Curves (construction only) as used in manhole covers, arches, dams, monuments etc.
(i) Ellipse: (major and minor axes given)
(a) by arcs of circles method.
(b) by the concentric circles method.
(c) by oblong method.
(ii) Parabola (base and axis given)
(a) by rectangle method.
(b) by tangent method

6

6. Solids
(a) Orthographic projections of right solids such as regular prisms and pyramids with bases as regular polygons
up to six sides, cylinder and cone.
(i) Axis perpendicular to one of the reference planes and parallel to the other.
(ii) Axis parallel to both the reference planes (prism/cylinder only).
(iii) Axis inclined to one of the reference planes and parallel to the other. Use of auxiliary plane may be
included (Auxiliary elevation and auxiliary plan).
(b) Development of surfaces of the right solids (Parallel and Radial).
(c) Determination of true length of line when inclined to both the reference planes e.g. slant edge of a pyramid.
Right Solids, such as, Prisms (triangular, square, pentagonal and hexagonal)
Pyramids (triangular, square, pentagonal and hexagonal bases.), Cylinders and Cones
Simple word problems on:
(i) Orthographic projections of right solids.
• with its axis, perpendicular to one plane, and, parallel to the other plane.
• with its axis, parallel to both planes.
• with its axis, parallel to one plane, and, inclined to the other plane.
(ii) Parallel and Radial Development of lateral surfaces of right solids with axis perpendicular to H.P. and
parallel to V.P.
(iii) Determination of true length of the slant edge of a pyramid when the slant edge is inclined to both H.P.
and V.P.
(iv) Auxiliary views:
Figure showing auxiliary inclined plane should be given with the word problem.
–– Auxiliary elevation of right solid with axis parallel to H.P. and inclined to V.P.
–– Auxiliary plan of a right solid with axis inclined to H.P. and parallel to V.P.

7. Oblique drawing
Conversion of given orthographic views to oblique view (circular parts in top view to be excluded). Circular
parts only in one view either in front view or in the side view. The angle of inclination with the receding axis
to be given.

SECTION B

8. Sections of right solids (prism, pyramid, cylinder and cone)
(a) Sectional views of cut solids with axis perpendicular to H.P. and parallel to V.P.
(i) V.T. (Vertical Trace) parallel to or inclined to H.P.
(ii) H.T. (Horizontal Trace) parallel/inclined to V.P. (Figure showing V.T and H.T should be given).
Questions based on word problems should be excluded.
(b) Axis parallel to both the reference planes (prism and cylinder only) with H. T. or V.T. of cutting plane
shown in the figure.
(c) Development of lateral surfaces of cut solids (parallel, radial): Prism, Pyramid, cylinder, cone.

7

(d) Development of pipe joints as elbow joints, exhaust pipes etc. and the objects made of sheet metals in the
shape of cylinders.
(e) True shape of a section.
(f) Auxiliary views (A.F.V. /A.T.V.) of cut solids with axis perpendicular to H.P and parallel to V.P with
(i) Auxiliary plane parallel to the cutting plane.
(ii) Auxiliary plane inclined to H.P at a given angle θ.
Sections of Right Solids, such as, Prisms, Cylinders, Pyramids and Cones.
Sectional views, of cut / truncated solids,
• with its axis, perpendicular to the H.P. and parallel to the V.P., when the cutting plane is parallel / inclined
to H.P. or, to the V.P. (only one cutting plane to be expressed in the figure).
• with its axis, parallel to both planes (prisms and cylinders only), with not more than one cutting plane
shown in the figure.
Developments of the lateral surfaces of:
• Cut Solids / Truncated Solids (parallel and radial), such as, Prisms, Cylinders, Pyramids and Cones with
one cutting plane shown in the figure.
• Cylindrical pipe joints, as used for constructing, Chimneys, Ventilators, exhaust pipes, etc., as application
of development of lateral surfaces of cut/truncated cylinders with one/more than one cutting plane shown
in the figure.
Auxiliary view, of cut / truncated solids such as prism / pyramids / cylinder / cone, when the axis is
perpendicular to the H.P. and parallel to the V.P. with the Auxiliary plane;
• parallel to the cutting plane.
• at an inclination to the H.P
Auxiliary plane should be shown in the figure and the True Shape of the, cut / truncated, surface of right solids
such as prism / pyramid / cylinder / cone when axis is perpendicular to H.P. and parallel to V.P.

9. Isometric Drawing (Use of scale to draw isometric drawing may be included. e.g. 2:1 or 1:2 only).
(a) Copy the given isometric figure.
(b) Conversion of the given orthographic view into isometric drawing.
(c) Isometric projection by constructing and making use of an isometric scale.
Isometric Drawing: In full scale and maybe in the scale of 2:1 or 1:2.
• Drawing the Isometric view, from a given, Isometric view.
• Drawing the Isometric view, by reading and visualizing the same, from the given Orthographic views.
• Drawing the Isometric projection from either a given pictorial view or the Orthographic views, by
constructing and using the Isometric Scale.

10. Sectional Orthographic views (1st and 3rd angle methods)
(a) Conversion of given pictorial view (Isometric/oblique into sectional/half sectional orthographic views).
(b) Conversion of a given orthographic view into sectional/half sectional views and adding the missing view.
The Orthographic Projection, First and third, angle methods: (at least one of the views as sectional view).

8

• Drawing the Orthographic views / full sectional views / half-sectional views of an object shown in a given
pictorial view: Isometric / Oblique with cutting plane / planes shown.
• Converting the given Orthographic view / views into Sectional views, full / half according to the Cutting
plane line / lines marked in a given view / views.
• Dimensioning the Orthographic views showing the cutting plane, naming the views.

PART II- INTERNAL ASSESSMENT - 100 MARKS
1. To prepare a file containing minimum 15 drawing assignments. The drawing assignments should cover entire
syllabus of class X. One / two assignments on each units of syllabus should be prepared on half imperial size
drawing paper.
2. To make a three-dimensional model with stiff cartridge paper / chart paper involving the application of the
development of solids such as a prism / pyramid.
3. To make a model with thermocol involving the application of the true shape of the section of truncated solids
such as a prism / pyramid / cylinder / cone.

EVALUATION
The assignments/project work is to be evaluated by the subject teacher and by an External Examiner. The External
Examiner may be a teacher nominated by the Head of the school, who could be from the faculty, but not teaching
the subject in the section/class.
The Internal Examiner and the External Examiner will assess the assignments independently.
Award of Marks (100 Marks)
Subject Teacher (Internal Examiner) 50 marks
External Examiner 50 marks
The total marks obtained out of 100 are to be sent to CISCE Council by the Head of the school.
The Head of the school will be responsible for the online entry of marks on CISCE’s CAREERS portal by the due
date.

9

INTERNAL ASSESSMENT IN TECHNICAL DRAWING APPLICATIONS - GUIDELINES FOR MARKING WITH
GRADES
Criteria Preparation Analysis Process Results Presentation
Grade I Follows instructions Analyses problem Comments upon, Recognises and Presentation is accurate
(4 marks) (written, oral, and systematically. recognises use of comments upon sources and good. Appropriate
diagrammatic) with Recognises a number of instruments, degree of of error. techniques are well
understanding; modifies variables and attempts to accuracy. Process is Can deal with used.
if needed. Familiarity control them to build a systematic. unexpected effects,
with and safe use of logical plan of suggesting
apparatus, materials, construction. modifications.
techniques.
Grade II Follows instructions to Specifies sequence of Makes relevant Draws qualitative Presentation is adequate.
(3 marks) perform experiment with operation; gives reasons procedural conclusions to proceed Appropriate techniques
step-by-step operations. for any change in modification. No with construction. are used.
Awareness of safety. procedure. assistance is needed for
Familiarity with understanding steps of
apparatus, materials and constructions.
techniques.
Grade III Follows instructions to Develops simple Detailed instructions not Draws obvious Presentation is okay, but
(2 marks) perform a single development strategy. given. qualitative conclusions disorganised in some
operation at a time. Safety Trial and error as required in the places. Overwriting;
awareness. Familiarity modifications made to process. rough work is untidy.
with apparatus & proceed with the
materials. construction.
Grade IV Follows some Struggles through the Tends to make mistakes Even when detailed Presentation is poor,
(1 mark) instructions to perform a construction. Follows in the following format is provided, disorganised but follows
single practical operation. very simple techniques. procedure. struggles or makes an acceptable sequence.
Casual about Safety. errors while processing Rough work missing or
Manages to use apparatus the work. untidy.
& materials.
Grade V Not able to follow Cannot proceed with the Even when format is Cannot process the work Presentation
(0 marks) instructions or proceed development without given, procedure is not even with considerable unacceptable;
with practical work help from time to time. understood. help. disorganised, untidy,
without full assistance. poor. Rough work
Unaware of safety. missing.

10