PSEB 11th Class Syllabus 2023 Geography

CLASS-XI Geography SYLLABUS (Theory) UNIT–I  Solar System: Earth:- Position of Earth in Solar System, Size and Shape, Movements of Earth and Effects, Longitudes and Latitudes. Time; Local, Standard and International Date Line.  Rocks: Origin, Classification and Characteristics Factors of change; Weathering and Denudation by river, glacier, wind, oceans and underground water. UNIT–II Lithosphere  Landforms: Mountains, Plateaus and Plains; Origin, Classification and their significance to mankind.  Earthquakes: Causes, Effects, Types and Distribution. Volcanoes: Causes and effects of Volcanic activities. UNIT–III Atmosphere  Extents, Layers and composition.  Temperature; Factors controlling temperature, distribution and range of temperature.  Pressures; Factors controlling pressures, horizontal and vertical distribution.  Winds: Planetary, seasonal and local; Shifting of wind belts and their impact. Cyclones and Anti-cyclones.  Humidity and Precipitation; Relative humidity and Specific humidity Precipitation types, rainfall types and distribution. UNIT–IV Hydrosphere  Oceans: Ocean basins and submarine relief, Ocean waters and their circulation, temperature, salinity, waves, currents and tides.  Special reference: Geopolitical importance of Indian Ocean Note:- A. Examples as far as possible be given from India. B. Answers be illustrated with maps and diagrams

Map Work: 25 Marks Maps: Necessity of maps, classification, scale of maps; R.F., Linear scale, its use in maps. Reduction and enlargement through square method. Direction: Finding direction in the field and on the map, Orientation of Local map in the field, methods of showing direction on the map. Atlas map symbols: Identifications and Recognition of Symbols of conventional signs used in atlas, Topographic sheet and weather maps. Methods of showing relief on maps: Contours, Interpolation of Contours identification of simple relief features from contours on a map. Drawing of cross-section, observation and recording of various weather elements with the help of following instruments: a) Six’s minimum and maximum thermometer. b) Aneroid Barometer c) Wind Vane d) Wet and Dry bulb thermometer e) Rain guage f) Drawing of isotherms, isobars and isohyets. INA/Project report/BB: 05 marks.