CBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2025 for Political Science

CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

SAMPLE PAPER
CLASS 12
2025

POLITICAL SCIENCE (028)
SAMPLE QUESTIONPAPER
CLASS XII (2024-25)
Time allotted: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:
Read the following instructions very carefully and follow them:
1. This question paper contains 30 questions. All questions are compulsory.
2. Question paper is divided into five sections A, B, C, D and E.
3. Section A questions number 1 to 12 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each question
carries 1 mark.
4. Section B questions number 13 to 18 are Short Answer type questions. Each question
carries 2 marks. Write answer to each question in 50 to 60 words.
5. Section C questions number 19 to 23 are Long Answer Type -I question. Each question
carries 4 marks. Write answer to each question in 100 to 120 words.
6. Section D questions number 24 to 26 are Passage, Cartoon and Map-based questions.
Answer each question accordingly.
7. Section E questions number 27 to 30 are Long Answer type-II questions. Each question
carries 6 marks. Write answer to each question in 170 to 180words.
8. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been
provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions has to be attempted.
9. In addition to this, note that a separate question has been provided for Visually Impaired
candidates in lieu of questions having visual inputs, map etc. Such questions are to be
attempted by Visually Impaired candidates only
SECTION–A (12x1=12 MARKS)

1 The collapse of Soviet Union was followed by Shock Therapy. Which of the following 1
statements is NOT correct about Shock Therapy?
A) The transition involved a breakup of the existing trade alliances among the
countries of the Soviet bloc.
B) Shock therapy involved a drastic change in the external orientation of these
economies.
C) FDI and free trade were to be the main engines.
D) The Eastern capitalist states guided and controlled the development of the region.

2 In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of 1
Reason(R). Choose the appropriate answer from the options given below as the
correct answer:
Assertion (A): In December 1991, under the leadership of Yeltsin, Russia, Ukraine
and Georgia, three major republics of the USSR, declared that the
Soviet Union was disbanded.
Reason(R): The rise of nationalism led to various protests in Post-Soviet Republics.
Options:
A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
B) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
C) A is true, but R is false.
D) A is false, but R is true.

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3 Match the terms given in column ‘A’ correctly with their meaning given in column ‘B’ 1
and choose the appropriate code as the correct answer:

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
I Confidence (i) Giving up certain types of weapons
building measure
II Arms Control (ii) A process of exchanging information on Defense matters
between nations on a regular basis.
III Alliance (iii) A coalition of nations meant to deter or Defend against
military attacks.
IV Disarmament (iv) Regulates the acquisition or development of weapons.

Codes:
A) I-(ii), II-(iv), III-(iii), IV-(i)
B) I-(ii), II-(i), III-(iii), IV-(iv)
C) I-(ii), II-(i), III-(iv), IV-(iii)
D) I-(iv), II-(ii), III-(iii), IV-(i)
4 In recent times, most of the armed conflicts have taken place in: 1
A) Eastern Europe
B) South Asia
C) Middle East Asia
D) Sub-Saharan Africa

5 Given below are two statements: 1

Statement I: Resource geopolitics pertains to the allocation of resources during the
cold war.
Statement II: Oil is considered as the most important resource in global politics.
In the light of above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given
below:
A) Both statement I and Statement II are true
B) Both statement I and Statement II are false.
C) Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.
D) Statement I is false, but Statement II is true.

6 Arrange the following in chronological order of their formation: 1
I) Energy Conservation Act
II) Paris Climate Agreement
III) The Electricity Act
IV) Montreal Protocol
Choose the correct option:
A) (I), (II), (III), (IV)
B) (II), (IV), (I), (III)
C) (IV), (I), (III), (II)
D) (III), (I), (II), (IV)

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7 The “Era of One-Party Dominance” in India refers to the period from : 1
A) 1952 to1962
B) 1977 to1984
C) 1989 to 1996
D) 1998 to 2004

8 Identify and write the Incorrect pair: 1
A) Dr. B.R Ambedkar– Chairman of Drafting Committee of the Indian Constitution
B) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad–India’s first Education Minister
C) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur— India’s first Health Minister
D) Acharya Narendra Dev—Founding President of the Communist Party of India.

9 Which conference marked the zenith of India’s engagement with the newly 1
independent Asian and African nations?
A) Malaysian Conference
B) Singapore Conference
C) Bandung Conference
D) Egyptian Conference
10 Which of the following issues led to the attack on Egypt in 1956 by Britain? 1
A) Suez Canal issue
B) Suzhou Canal issue
C) Panama Canal issue
D) Bruges Canal issue

11 ‘Bodo’ is a community in state of India. 1
A) Arunachal Pradesh
B) Assam
C) Manipur
D) Mizoram
12 Which of the following Schedules of the Constitution allows complete autonomy to 1
different tribes to preserve their practices and customary laws?
A) Fourth Schedule
B) Sixth Schedule
C) Seventh Schedule
D) Eighth Schedule

SECTION-B (6x2=12 MARKS)

13 ‘Nuclear weapons as deterrence or defense have limited usage against 2
contemporary security threats to states.’ Explain the statement.
14 Show with the help of two examples that involvement of USA in South Asia has 2
increased after the end of Cold War.
15 It is now an almost universally-accepted view that countries should only go to war for2
the right reasons. Explain with an example.

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16 Did the prevalence of ‘one-party dominance’ in India affect the democratic 2
nature of Indian politics? Express your opinion.

17 Explain any two reasons which led to a multi-party alliance system in Indian 2
politics since 1989.

18 List two models of development and give reason for the model adopted by India. 1+1=2

SECTION-C (5x4=20 MARKS)

19 List four Directive Principles of State Policy that aim to promote international 4
peace and security.

20 Describe the events that led to the merger of Sikkim with India. 4

21 A) “Soviet Union's disintegration was the consequence of many different factors”. 4
Justify the statement
OR
B) ‘Most former Soviet republics had tensions and conflicts.’ Support the
statement with examples.
22 A) Analyse any two political consequences of globalization 4

OR
B) Analyse any two reasons for resistance to globalisation in India.

23 Examine the factors that led to the conflict between the Judiciary and the 4
Parliament in India in 1973.

SECTION-D (3x4=12 MARKS)

24 Study the picture given below and answer the questions that follow: 1+1+1+1=
4

Source-NCERT-Class XII- Contemporary World Politics-page 83

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Choose the most appropriate option:

I) What does the lighter in the cartoon symbolize?
A) The Earth being consumed as a source of fuel
B) The continents being burned for energy
C) The world being used up for power
D) The oceans being exploited for its resources

II) Why are the fingers in the cartoon designed like chimneys?
A) To represent humans are supporting earth
B) To show only humans are causing global warming
C) To show importance of chimneys in cleaning factories
D) To show importance of industrial revolution

III) The main theme of the cartoon could be:
A) The celebration of technological advancement
B) The impact of deforestation on wildlife
C) The role of industrial pollution in global warming
D) The importance of reducing waste to save planet

IV) Thicker chimney has been shown on the push button of the lighter to show
that
A) only humans can stop pollution
B) only developed countries contribute to pollution
C) pollution can be curbed by shutting factories
D) chimneys need to be made more efficient to save earth.

Following questions are for the Visually Challenged candidates in lieu of 1+1+1+
question number 24 1=4
I) What principle recognized in the Rio Declaration addresses the differing
responsibilities of developed and developing countries in environmental
conservation?
II) What was the aim of Kyoto Protocol?
III) In which year and city was the Kyoto Protocol agreed upon?
IV) What is meant by “Agenda 21”?
25 In the given outline political map of India, four states have been marked as (A), 1+1+1+
(B), (C) and (D). Identify these states on the basis of the information given 1=4
below and write their correct names in your answer book along with the
respective serial numbers of the information used and the concerned alphabets
as per the format that follows:

Sr. Number for the Concerned Name of the State
Information used alphabet given in
the map
I
II
III
IV

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I) The state related to the leader who coined the famous slogan ‘Jai Jawan-
Jai Kisan.
II) The state associated with the formation of DK, DMK and AIADMK
III) The state where a coalition called the ‘Popular United Front’ came to
power after 1967 election
IV) The official Congress candidate for the 1969 Presidential election
belonged to this state

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Note: Following questions are for the Visually Challenged Candidates in 1+1+1+1=
lieu of question number 25. 4
Name the following:
I) The state where Operation Blue star was launched
II) The state which declared its Independence from India in 1951
III) The state that attained state hood in 2014
IV) The state over run by China in1962 war.

26 Read the passage and choose the most appropriate answer for the questions 1+1+2=
given below: 4

In spite of the many conflicts, the states of South Asia recognise the importance of
cooperation and friendly relationship, among themselves. The South Asian
Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is a major regional initiative by the
South Asian states to evolve cooperation through multilateral means. It began in
1985. Unfortunately, due to persisting political differences, SAARC has not had
much success. SAARC members signed the South Asian Free Trade (SAFTA)
agreement which promised the formation of a free trade zone for the whole of South
Asia

I) Which of the following was the primary goal of establishing South Asian
Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)?
A) To create a unified military force
B) To enhance mutual support
C) To develop a common currency
D) To resolve territorial disputes among member states

II) What was the main objective of the South Asian Free Trade Agreement
(SAFTA)?
A) To create safer environment for investment.
B) To establish free and fare market place.
C) To form chamber of South Asian Association of Commerce.
D) To promote business through cultural ties.

III) Explain the significance of SAARC in South Asia and the factor which led to the
limited success of SAARC.

SECTION-E (4X6=24MARKS)

27 A) Examine the impact of any three political developments that India witnessed 6
between the periods 1989 to 1999.

OR

B) “The elections of 1989 marked the end of the congress system and rise of the
coalition era”. Support the statement with any three arguments.

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28 A) Describe the socio-economic effects of the Partition of British India in 1947. 6

OR
B) Language has always played an imperative role in uniting the country. Explain the
statement in the context of challenge of nation building in India after independence.
29 A) Evaluate the effectiveness of the European Union as the most prominent regional 6
organization.

OR
B) Support with arguments that South Korea is emerging as a new alternate center
of power.

30 A) “After the end of the Cold War, the United Nation is working in accordance with 6
the changed realities of the world”. Justify the statement with six arguments.
OR
B) “The United Nations was not created to take humanity to heaven, but to save it
from hell.” Support the statement with relevant examples.

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CBSE STUDY MATERIAL

CBSE Board

INFORMATION CLASS STUDY MATERIAL

1 Time Table 09 Sample Paper
10 Sample Paper
2 Result
11 Sample Paper
3 Syllabus 12 Sample Paper

OTHER RESOURCES
09 Question Paper
Maps of India, Maps of World
Writing Skill Formats 10 Question Paper
Periodic Table 11 Question Paper
12 Question Paper
Class 9 Notes
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NCERT Book
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