NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science (Civics) Popular Struggles and Movements [Old Book]

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 10th

aglase .co

Class : 10th
Subject : Social-Science-Democratic-Politics
Chapter : 5
Chapter Name : Popular Struggles and Movements

Q1 In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert in uence on politics?

Answer. Pressure groups and movements exert in uence on politics in a variety of ways.
(i) They try to gain public support and sympathy for their cause by carrying out information
campaigns, organising meetings, ling petitions, etc.
(ii) By organising strikes and disruptions, they seek to make the government take note of their
demands.
(iii) They also in uence decision-making by lobbying.
(iv) The issues raised by them often in uence the policies of political parties.

Q2 Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?

Answer. The relationship between political parties and pressure groups can take different
forms.
(i) Pressure groups are often formed and led by politicians and political parties. Most trade
unions and students’ organisations in India are either established by, or af liated to one or the
other major political party.
(ii) Political parties sometimes grow out of movements. Parties like DMK and AIADMK were
formed this way.
(iii) Many a times, the issues raised by pressure or movement groups are taken up by political
parties, leading to a change in the policies of the parties.

Q3 Explain how the activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic
government.

Answer. Pressure groups are important in the functioning of a democratic government as they
provide an opportunity for marginalised people to voice their opinions. In some cases, the
government’s opinion might be biased by a small group of rich and powerful people. It is here
that pressure groups step in and force the government to make policies which will bene t
certain other sections of society as well.

Q4 What is a pressure group? Give a few examples.

Answer. A pressure group is an organisation which attempts to in uence government policies
through protests and demonstrations. Pressure groups are formed when people with similar
opinions get together for similar objectives. Examples of pressure groups are FEDECOR and
BAMCEF.

Q5 What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party?

Answer. The major difference between pressure groups and political parties is that unlike
political parties, pressure groups do not aim to directly control or share political power.

Q6 Organisations that undertake activities to promote the interests of speci c social sections
such as workers, employees, teachers, and lawyers are called _____________________ groups.

Answer. Organisations that undertake activities to promote the interests of speci c social
sections such as workers, employees, teachers, and lawyers are called sectional interest
groups.

Q7 Which among the following is the special feature that distinguishes a pressure group from
a political party?
(a) Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about political issues.
(b) Pressure groups are con ned to a few people, while parties involve larger number of
people.
(c) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
(d) Pressure groups do not seek to mobilise people, while parties do.

Answer. (c) Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.

Q8 Match List I (organisations and struggles) with List II and select the correct answer using
the codes given below the lists:

Answer.

Q9 Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

Answer.

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise

Q10 Consider the following statements about pressure groups and parties.
A. Pressure groups are the organised expression of the interests and views of speci c social
sections.
B. Pressure groups take positions on political issues.
C. All pressure groups are political parties.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B, and C
(b) A and B
(c) B and C
(d) A and C

Answer. (b) A and B

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise

Q11 Mewat is one of the most backward areas in Haryana. It used to be a part of two districts,
Gurgaon and Faridabad. The people of Mewat felt that the area will get better attention if it
were to become a separate district. But political parties were indifferent to this sentiment. The
demand for a separate district was raised by Mewat Educational and Social Organisation and
Mewat
Saksharta Samiti in 1996. Later, Mewat Vikas Sabha was founded in 2000 and carried out a
series of public awareness campaigns. This forced both the major parties, Congress and the
Indian National Lok Dal, to announce their support for the new district before the assembly
elections held in February 2005. The new district came into existence in July 2005.
In this example what is the relationship that you observe among movement, political parties
and the government? Can you think of an example that shows a relationship different from
this one?

Answer. From the example of Mewat, we can infer that movements take up issues which have
been ignored by political parties. Political parties may then be in uenced by these demands
when they frame their own manifestoes. Finally, the party which comes to power ends up
implementing steps which ful l these demands.
The six-year long Assam movement (1979-1985), led by the All Assam Students Union (AASU),
was aimed against the in ltration of foreigners from Bangladesh into Assam. At the end of this
movement, the State Assembly was dissolved, the government was dismissed, and fresh
elections were held. The Asom Gana Parishad, formed out of the AASU, contested and won the
elections, forming the Government of Assam. In this example, we see a political party being
formed out of a pressure group, which then goes on to form the government.

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise