NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science (Civics) Chapter 2 Federalism

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 10th

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Class : 10th
Subject : Social-Science-Democratic-Politics
Chapter : 2
Chapter Name : Federalism

Q1 Locate the following States on a blank outline political map of India: Manipur, Sikkim,
Chhattisgarh and Goa.

Q2 Identify and shade three federal countries (other than India) on a blank outline political map of
the world.

Q3 Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to and one feature
that is different from that of Belgium.

Answer. In India, just like in Belgium, the central government has to share its powers with the
regional governments. However, unlike India, Belgium has a community government in addition to
the central and the state government.

Q4 What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain
with an example.

Answer. In a federal form of government, the central government shares its powers with the
various constituent units of the country. For example, in India, power is divided between the
government at the Centre and the various State governments.
In a unitary form of government, all the power is exercised by only one government. For example,
in Sri Lanka, the national government has all the powers.

Q5 State any two differences between the local government before and after the Constitutional
amendment in 1992.

Q6 Fill in the blanks:
Since the United States is a ___________________ type of federation, all the constituent States have
equal powers and States are ______________vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a
_____________________ type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the
____________ government has more powers.

Answer. Since the United States is a coming together type of federation, all the constituent States
have equal powers and States are strong vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a holding
together type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the Central
government has more powers.

Q7 Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an
example to support any of these positions.
Sangeeta: The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity.
Arman: Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language.
Harish: This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other
languages.

Answer. Sangeeta’s reaction is better than those of the other two. Unlike Sri Lanka (where the
language of the majority has been promoted), the Indian polity has given equality of status to all
the major languages spoken in the country. This has led to the avoidance of social con ict on
linguistic basis. The policy of accommodation has made administration of States easier. It has also
ensured a larger participation in the government’s activities by people who speak various
languages.

Q8 The distinguishing feature of a federal government is:

(a) National government gives some powers to the provincial governments.
(b) Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary.
(c) Elected of cials exercise supreme power in the government.
(d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government

Answer. (d) Governmental power is divided between different levels of government.

Q9 A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given here. Group them under the
Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below.
A. Defence;
B. Police;
C. Agriculture;
D. Education;
E. Banking;
F. Forests;
G. Communications;
H. Trade;
I. Marriages

Q10 Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the
government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the
following pairs is not correctly matched?

Page : 28 , Block Name : Exercise

Q11 Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

Page : 28 , Block Name : Exercise

Q12 Consider the following two statements.

A. In a federation the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly demarcated.
B. India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are speci ed in
the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects.
C. Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces.
D. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the
local government bodies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B and C (b) A, C and D (c) A and B only (d) B and C only

Answer. (c) A and B only

Page : 28 , Block Name : Exercise