NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science (Civics) Chapter 5 Outcomes of Democracy

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 10th

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Class : 10th
Subject : Social-Science-Democratic-Politics
Chapter : 7
Chapter Name : Outcomes of Democracy

Q1 How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?

Answer. Democracy produces an accountable, responsive and legitimate government by giving
the citizen the right to examine the process by which decisions are made. These decisions are
made according to norms and procedures which make the decisions more acceptable to the
people. Added to this is the basic fact that in a democracy, the people have a right to elect
their own government, and the candidate which is elected is thought to be capable enough to
ful l the demands of the people.

Q2 What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?

Answer. Democracies accommodate social diversities when it is well understood that
democracy is not just the rule of the majority, and that the rule of the majority is not just the
rule of a single religious or social community.

Q3 Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions:

Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become
rich.
Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens.
Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education
and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any
domination and con ict.

Answer. Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to
become rich. This statement is incorrect as can be seen from the examples of India and
Zimbabwe. In 1947, India was included in the Third World nations, but now, it is one of the
fast-growing economies in the world. On the other hand, Zimbabwe, which was a fairly
prosperous nation, has run into huge international debt with the progression of Robert

Mugabe’s regime.
Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens. This statement is
incorrect. The Minimum Wages Act enacted by the government and other policies which
regulate the basic price at which agricultural producers and small industries sell their goods,
have helped increase the per capita income of the country, thereby making its citizens more
prosperous.
Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and
spend more on industries and infrastructure. This is not a wise option as in poor countries, the
people cannot afford health and education services.
In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination
and con ict. This is not true as con ict can be eliminated only in an ideal situation. In real
democracies, though every person has one vote, there are divisions among the people. These
divisions lead to con ict.

Q4 Identify the challenges to democracy in the following descriptions. Also suggest
policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in the given situations:

Following a High Court directive a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for
dalits and non-dalits allowed entry for all from the same door.
A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India.
Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by
Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.

Answer. The challenge to democracy in the rst statement is to provide equal status to all its
citizens in spite of their caste.
The challenge to democracy in the second instance is providing farmers with subsidies which
will help them to earn pro ts and have a satisfactory level of livelihood. The challenge to
democracy is to preserve the people’s trust in government arms like the police.

Q5 In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct – democracies have
successfully eliminated:
A. con icts among people
B. economic inequalities among people
C. differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated
D. the idea of political inequality

Answer. D. the idea of political inequality

Q6 In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out.
Democracies need to ensure:
A. free and fair elections
B. dignity of the individual
C. majority rule
D. equal treatment before law

Answer. C. majority rule

Q7 Studies on political and social inequalities in democracy show that
A. democracy and development go together.
B. inequalities exist in democracies .
C. inequalities do not exist under dictatorship.
D. dictatorship is better than democracy

Answer. Β. inequalities exist in democracies

Q8 Read the passage below:
Nannu is a daily wage earner. He lives in Welcome Mazdoor Colony, a slum habitation in East
Delhi. He lost his ration card and applied for a duplicate one in January 2004. He made several
rounds to the local Food & Civil Supplies of ce for the next three months. But the clerks and
of cials would not even look at him, leave alone do his job or bother to tell him the status of
his application. Ultimately, he led an application under the Right to Information Act asking
for the daily progress made on his application, names of the of cials, who were supposed to
act on his application and what action would be taken against these of cials for their inaction.
Within a week of ling application under the Right to Information Act, he was visited by an
inspector from the Food Department, who informed him that the card had been made and he
could collect it from the of ce. When Nannu went to collect his card next day, he was given a
very warm treatment by the Food & Supply Of cer (FSO), who is the head of a Circle. The FSO
offered him tea and requested him to withdraw his application under the Right to
Information, since his work had already been done.
What does Nannu’s example show? What impact did Nannu’s action have on of cials? Ask
your parents their experiences when they approach government of cials to attend to their
problems.

Answer. Attempt this question on your own.

Page : 100 , Block Name : Exercise