HBSE Class 12 Sample Paper 2025 Economics

Board Of School Education Haryana

मॉडल पेपर
2025

Sample Question Paper
Economics – 576

Class –XII Session 2024-2025
Time Allowed : 3 Hrs. M.M. – 80

¼i½
¼ii½ vfuok;Z gS
¼iii½
¼iv½

¼v½ rFkk sa izR;sd 3 vad dk gS

¼vi½ 4 vad dk gS
izR;sd dk mÙkj lkek
¼vii½

¼viii½ A
¼ix½ js[
General Instructions:
(i) The question paper has two parts; In Part A (Micro Economics) and Part B (Macro
Economics)
(ii) All questions are compulsory
(iii) Marks prescribed for each question are given against it
(iv) Question numbers 1 to 10 and 18 to 27 are objective questions. Each question carries
one mark. Answer these questions as per instructions.
(v) Question numbers 11 to 12 and 28 to 29 are very short answer type questions in which
each question carries 3 marks and the answer to each should generally not exceed 30
words.
(vi) Question numbers 13 to 15 and 30 to 32 are short answer questions in which each
question carries 4 marks. Answers to each should normally not exceed 60 words.
(vii) Question numbers 16 to 17 and 33 to 34 are long answer questions in which each
question carries 6 marks. The answer to each should generally not exceed 130 words.
(viii) Internal relaxation is available in some questions. You have to attempt only one of
these questions
(ix) Word limit does not apply to questions containing numerical and graphical

Hkkx v ¼Part A½

iz'u 1 fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkS \
¼A½ lexz ekax ¼B½ O;kikj pØ ¼C½ miHkksDrk larqyu ¼D
Which of the following is the study of microeconomics?
(A) Aggregate demand (B) Business cycle
(C) Consumer equilibrium (D) National income

iz'u 2
¼A½ cjkcj ugha ¼B½ cjkcj ¼C½ dk;Z ugha djrh ¼D½ vkxs ihNs gks tkrh gSA
Equilibrium point is the point at which the forces of demand and supply
(A) Not Equal (B) Equal (C) does not work (D) goes back and forth

iz'u 3 volj ykxr dk vFkZ gksrk gS %&
¼A½ oSdfYid iz;ksx dh ykxr ¼B½ okLrfod ykxr ¼C½ dqN ykxr ¼D½ buesa ls dksbZ ugha
Opportunity cost is meant by:-
(A) cost of alternative use (B) Actual cost (C) total cost (D) None of these

iz'u 4 iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk esa dksbZ QeZ rc larqyu dh voLFkk esa gksrh gS tc &
(A) MC= (B) MC=TR (C) MC=MR (D) AC=AR
In perfect competition a firm is in a state of equilibrium when:
(A) MC= Zero (B) MC=TR (C) MC=MR (D) AC=AR

iz'u 5 lgh lw= dk p;u djsaA
(A) MC=TC-TVC (B) MC=TFC+TVC
(C) MC=TCN+1-TCN (D) TFC=AFC/Q
Select the correct formula:
(A) MC=TC-TVC (B) MC=TFC+TVC
(C) MC=TCN+1-TCN (D) TFC=AFC/Q

iz'u 6 tc TP vf/kdre gksrk gS %
(A) MP= (B) MP= +ive (C) MP= -ive (D) AP=
When TP is maximum:
(A) MP= Zero (B) MP= +ive (C) MP= -ive (D) AP= Zero

iz'u 7 --------------------------------------------foKku gSA ¼lkekftd] izkd`frd½
Economics is a ………………….. science. (social, natural)

iz'u 8 leFkZu dher ljdkj }kjk larqyu dher ds ----------------------------fu/kkZfjr dh tkrh gSA ¼uhps@Åij½
Support price is determined by the government..... the equilibrium price.
(below/above)

iz'u 9 ekax oØ dk <yku dSlk gksrk gS\
What is the shape of the demand curve?

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa dks i<+sa& vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R)A uhps fn, x, fodYiksa esa
ls lgh fodYi dk p;u djsaA
(A) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R) nksuksa lR; gSa rFkk rdZ ( R) vfHkdFku ( A)

(B) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R) nksuksa lR; gSa rFkk rdZ ( R) vfHkdFku ( A)
dk lgh

(C) vfHkdFku (A) lR; gS ijUrq rdZ ( R) vlR; gSA
(D) vfHkdFku (A) vlR; gS ijUrq rdZ ( R) lR; gSA

Read the following statement- Assertion (A) and Reason (R) . Choose one of the correct
alternatives given below .

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A)
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A)
(A) Assertion (A) is true , but Reason (R) is false.
(B) Assertion (A) is false , but Reason (R) is true.

iz'u 10 vfHkdFku (A): vkSlr canh ykxr oØ U vkdkj dh gksrh gSA
rdZ (R): AFC=TFC/Q
Assertion (A) : The average variable cost curve is U shaped.
Reason (R) : AFC=TFC/Q 1 x 10 = 10

iz'u 11 vFkZO;oLFkk dh dsanzh; leL;k,a crkb,A
Mention about the central problems of the economy. 3

iz'u 12
Describe the characteristics of indifference curves.
vFkok (OR)

,d miHkksDrk fdlh oLrq ij 50 :i;s [kpZ djrk gS tc mldh dher 1 :i;k izfr bdkbZ gS rFkk 64
:i;s [kpZ djrk gS tc mldh dher 2 :i;s izfr bZdkbZ gS] oLrq dh dher yksp Kkr djsa A
A consumer spends Rs. 50 on a good when its price is Rs. 1 per unit and spends Rs.64 when
its price is Rs. 2 per unit. Find the price elasticity of the good. 3

iz'u 13 dkjd ds ?kVrs izfrQy dh O;k[;k rkfydk ,oa js[kkfp= dh lgk;rk ls dhft,A
Explain the diminishing returns of factors with the help of table and graph. 4

iz'u 14 iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk cktkj esa vYidky esa fdl izdkj ,d QeZ }kjk vfr lkekU; ykHk dek;k tkrk
gS] js[kkfp= ds }kjk le>kb,A.
Explain with the help of a diagram how a farm can be earn supernormal profit in the short
run in a perfectly competitive market.
vFkok (OR)

mRiknu ¼bdkb;ka½ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
dqy ykxr ¼:i,½ 10 30 45 55 70 90 110

mijksDr rkfydk ls fuEu Kkr dhft,A
1. dqy ifjorhZ ykxr (TVC)
2. vkSlr fLFkj ykxr (AFC)
3. vkSlr ifjorhZ ykxr (AVC)
4. lhekar ykxr (MC)

production (units) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Total Cost(Rs) 10 30 45 55 70 90 110

Find the following from the above table -
1. Total variable Cost (TVC)
2. Average Fixed Cost (AFC)
3. Average variable cost (AVC)
4. Marginal cost (MC) 4

iz'u 15 larqyu dher D;k gksrh gS\ ;g dSls fu/kkZfjr gksrh gS\
What is equilibrium price? How it is determined ?
vFkok (OR)
fu;a=.k dher rFkk leFkZu dher esa varj crkb,A
Explain the difference between control price and support price. 4

iz'u 16 ekax dh dher yksp dks ekius dh dqy O;; fof/k dk o.kZu djsaA
Describe total expenditure method of measuring price elasticity of demand.
vFkok (OR)
Ekakx dk fu;e D;k gS\ ;g fu;e D;ksa ykxw gksrk gS\
What is the law of demand? Why does this law apply? 6

iz'u A
Explain the meaning and characteristics of a perfectly competitive market.
vFkok (OR)
mRiknd larqyu ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\ lhekar fof/k }kjk mRiknd larqyu dh O;k[;k dhft,A
What is meant by producer equilibrium? Explain producer equilibrium by marginal method. 6

Hkkx c (Part B)
iz'u 18 fuEufyf[kr esa ls pj gS\

(A) jksstxkj dk fl)kar (B) dher yksp (C) Ykxku dk fl)kar (D) oLrq dh dher

Which of the following is a macro concept?
(A) Theory of employment (B) Price elasticity (C) Theory of rent (D) Price of goods

iz'u 19 ;fn lhekar miHkksx izo`fÙk (MPC) = 0.6 gks rks xq.kd dk ewY; D;k gksxk\
(A) 2 (B) 2.5 (C) 3 (D) 3.5
If MPC=0.6 then what will be the value of the multiplier?
(A) 2 (B) 2.5 (C) 3 (D) 3.5

iz'u 20 Hkkjr esa ,d :i;s dk uksV dkSu tkjh djrk gS\
(A) RBI (B) SBI (C) Hkkjr ljdkj (D) xouZj
Who issues Rupee one note in India?
(A) RBI (B) SBI (C) Government of India (D) Governor

iz'u 21 nksgjh x.kuk dh leL;k dkSu lh fof/k esa ikbZ tkrh gS\
(A) vk; fof/k (B) mRikn fof/k (C) O;; fof/k (D) mijksDr lHkh
The problem of double counting is found in which method?

(A) Income method (B) Product Method
(C) Expenditure method (D) All of the above

iz'u 22 foÙkh kZ dc vkjaHk gksrk gS \
(A) 1 tqykbZ (B) 1 tuojh (C) 1 viSzy (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
When does the financial year begin?
(A) 1 July (B) 1 January (C)1 April (D) None of these

iz'u dkSu \
(A) ens (B) vn` ns (C) Iwkath varj.k (D) mijksDr lHkh
Which is included in the balance of payments?
(A) Visible items (B) Invisible items (C) Capital transfer (D) All of the above

iz'u 24 GST ,d------------------------ dj gSA ¼izR;{k@vizR;{k½
GST is a…………tax. (Direct/ Indirect)

iz'u 25 eqnzk dh iwfrZ dk lcls vf/kd rjy :i gS - (M3/M1)
The liquid form of money supply is - (M3/M1)

iz'u 26 laifÙk ,oa m|eo`fÙk ls izkIr vk; dgykrh gSA
Income received from property and entrepreneurship is called.

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa dks i<+sa& vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R)A uhps fn, x, fodYiksa esa
ls lgh fodYi dk p;u djsaA
(A) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R) nksuksa lR; gSa rFkk rdZ ( R) vfHkdFku ( A)

(B) vfHkdFku (A) rFkk rdZ ( R) nksuksa lR; gSa rFkk rdZ ( R) vfHkdFku ( A)
gSA
(C) vfHkdFku (A) lR; gS ijUrq rdZ ( R) vlR; gSA
(D) vfHkdFku (A) vlR; gS ijUrq rdZ ( R) lR; gSA

Read the following statement- Assertion (A) and Reason (R) . Choose one of the correct
alternatives given below .

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A)
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A)
(C) Assertion (A) is true , but Reason (R) is false.
(C) Assertion (A) is false , but Reason (R) is true.

iz'u 27 vfHkdFku (A): vYidky esas APC > MPC gksrh gSA
rdZ (R):
Assertion (A): In the short run APC > MPC.
Reason (R): Consumption is not zero when income is zero. 1 x 10 = 10

iz'u A
Explain the difference between balance of trade and balance of payments. 3

iz'u 29 lexz ekax ds fu/kkZjd rRoksa dh O;k[;k dhft,A
Explain the determinants of aggregate demand.
vFkok (OR)
Lkhekar miHkksx izo`fÙk vkSj lhekar cpr izo`fÙk Kkr djsaA
Find marginal propensity to consume and marginal propensity to save.

vk; (Income) 1000 1200 1400 1600

miHkksx (Consumptions) 900 1060 1210 1350
3
iz'u A
Explain the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics. 4

iz'u A
Explain the concept of investment multiplier process with examples.
vFkok (OR)
LQhfrd varjky dk D;k vFkZ gS\ LQhfrd varjky dh fLFkfr ds lek/kku ds fy, fdUgha nks

What is the meaning of the inflationary gap? Describe any two fiscal measures to
resolve the situation of inflationary gap. 4

iz'u 32 ctV dk A
Explain the meaning and objective of a budget.
vFkok (OR)
izR;{k vkSj vizR;{k djksa esa varj crkb,A
Explain the difference between direct and indirect taxes. 4

iz'u 33 eqnzk dh iwfrZ dks fu;af=r djus ds fy, dsanzh; cSad }kjk dkSu&dkSu ls midj.kksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k tkrk gS\ o.kZu djsaA
Describe which instruments are used by the Central Bank to control the supply of
money?
vFkok (OR)
**Ekqnzk mls dgrs gSa tks eqnzk dk dk;Z djsa** O;k[;k djsaA
“Money is that which acts as Money” Explain. 6

iz'u O;; fof/k dk o.kZu djsaA
Describe the Expenditure method of measuring national income.

vFkok (OR)

nh xbZ lwpuk ds vk/kkj ij **cktkj dher ij ldy ?kjsyw mRikn** ,oa **Lojkstxkj dh fefJr
vk;Z** dk eku fudkfy,A

Øe la[;k fooj.k j k ¼djksM+ :i;s½

i. 71000

ii. ) lk/ku vk; 1000

iii. ) vizR;{k dj 2000

iv. YkkHk 1200

v. Ektnwjh vkSj osru 15000

vi. LFkkbZ iwth dk mi;ksx 3000

vii. izpk 30000

Based on the given information, calculate the value of “GDPMP” and “Mixed Income of Self-
Employment”.

Serial number Description Amount (crore rupees)

i. National income 71000

ii Net factor income from abroad 1000

iii Net indirect tax 2000

iv. Profit 1200

v. Wages and Salaries 15000

vi. Consumption of fixed capital 3000

vii. Operating Surplus 30000

6

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