CDS 2027 Sample Paper (Elementary Mathematics)

SAMPLE PAPER

S A M P L E Q U E S T I O N P A P E R

CDS 2027 (Elementary
Mathematics)
Modelled on the actual exam pattern
.

QUESTIONS MAX MARKS TIME MARKING

100 100 120 Min +1 / −0.33

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper contains 100 multiple-choice questions. All questions are compulsory.

2. Each question has four options — (A), (B), (C) and (D) — of which only one is correct.

3. Each correct answer carries 1 mark; 0.33 mark (one-third of the marks) is deducted for each wrong answer.

4. Total time allowed is 120 minutes. Manage your time across all sections.

5. Use of calculators, mobile phones or any electronic device is not permitted.

6. Attempt the paper first, then check your answers against the Answer Key at the end.

Candidate Name: Roll No.: Date:

SAMPLE PAPER

CDS 2027 (Elementary Mathematics)
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

Questions 100 Max Marks 100 Time 120 Min Marking +1 / −0.33

Attempt all questions. Choose the one correct option for each.

ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS

1. A spherical balloon of radius r subtends angle 60° at 2. If x = 1+√(3)2 and y = x2, then y satisfies which one of
the eye of an observer. If the angle of elevation of its the following equation?
centre is 60° and h is the height of the centre of the
(A) 8y2 - 20y - 1 = 0
balloon, then which one of the following is correct?
(B) 8y2 + 20y - 1 = 0
(A) h = r
(C) 8y2+ 20y + 1 = 0
(B) h = √2r
(D) 8y2 - 20y + 1 = 0
(C) h = √3r

(D) h = 2r

3. Given y is inversely proportional to √x, and x = 36 4. A triangle DEF is formed by joining the midpoints of
when y = 36. What is the value of x when y = 54? the sides of triangle ABC. Similarly a triangle PQR is
formed by joining the mid-points of the sides of the
(A) 54
triangle DEF. If the sides of the triangle PQR are of
(B) 27
lengths 1, 2 and 3 units, what is the perimeter of the
(C) 16 triangle ABC?
(D) 8
(A) 18 units

(B) 24 units

(C) 48 units

(D) Cannot be determined due to insufficient data

5. What is the LCM of x3 + 8, x2 + 5x + 6 and x3 + 4x2 + 6. If cos2+cos x =1, what is the value of sin12x + 3sin10x
4x ? + 3sin8x + sin6x ?

(A) x(x+2)2 (x+3) (x2 - 2x + 4) (A) 1

(B) x(x-2)2 (x-3) (x2 + 2x + 4) (B) 2

(C) x(x+2)2 (x+3) (x2 - 4x + 4) (C) 4

(D) x(x-2)2 (x-3) (x2 - 2x + 4) (D) 8

7. If the surface area of a sphere is reduced to one-ninth 8. The sum of the squares of four consecutive natural
of the area, its radius reduces to numbers is 294, What is the sum of the numbers ?

(A) One-fourth (A) 38

(B) One-third (B) 34

(C) One-fifth (C) 30

(D) One-ninth (D) 26

9. Two lots of onions with equal quantity, one costing ₹ 10. What is the area between a square of side 10 cm and
10 per kg and the other costing ₹ 15 per kg, are mixed two inverted semicircular cross-sections each of radius 5
together and whole lot is sold at ₹ 15 per kg. What is the cm inscribed in the square?
profit or loss?
(A) 17·5 cm2
(A) 10% loss (B) 18·5 cm2
(B) 10% profit (C) 20·5 cm2
(C) 20% profit (D) 21·5 cm2
(D) 20% loss

11. What is the value of √(5)-√(3)√(5)+√(3)- 12. Let XYZ be an equilateral triangle in which XY = 7
√(5)+√(3)√(5)-√(3) cm. If A denotes the area of the triangle, then what is the
value of log 44? (Given that log 35) and log 35 =
(A) -2√15 10 10 10
1.5441)
(B) 2√15
(A) 5.3070
(C) √15
(B) 5.3700
(D) -√15
(C) 5.5635

(D) 5.6535

13. The volume of a right circular cone of height 8 cm and 14. What is the largest power of 10 that divides the
radius of base 3 cm is product 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 . . . x 23 x 24 x 25 ?

(A) 12 π cm3 (A) 2

(B) 24 π cm3 (B) 4

(C) 48 π cm3 (C) 5

(D) 72 π cm3 (D) None of the above

15. The area of a sector of a circle of radius 4 cm is 16. HCF of two numbers is 12. Which one of the following
25.6cm2. What is the radian measure of the art of the can never be their LCM?
sector ?
(A) 80
(A) 2.3 (B) 60
(B) 3.2 (C) 36
(C) 3.3 (D) 24
(D) 3.4

17. If α and β are the roots of the equation ax2+bx+c = 18. Read the following information and answer the four
0, then what is the value of the expression (α +1 ) (β+1) ? items that follow : Let the distribution oof number of
scooters of companies X and Y sold by 5 showrooms (A,
(A) (a+b+c)/(a)
B, C, D and E) in a certain year be donated by S1 and the
(B) (b+c-a)/(a)
distribution of number of scooters of only company X sold
(C) (a-b+c)/(a) by the five showrooms in the same year be denoted by
(D) (a+b-c)/(a) S2. Number of scooters of company Y sold by showroom E
is what percent of the number of scooters of both
companies sold by showroom C ?

(A) 52

(B) 54

(C) 55

(D) 56

19. Leela got married 6 years ago. Today her age is 1 20. Three numbers which are co-prime to each other, are
(1)/(4) times her age at the time of her marriage. Her such that the product of the first two is 286 and that of
son's age is 1/10 times her age. What is the present age the last two is 770. What is the sum of the three numbers
of her son ? ?

(A) 1 year (A) 85

(B) 2 years (B) 80

(C) 3 years (C) 75

(D) 4 years (D) 70

21. 195 + 215 is divisible by 22. What number must be subtracted from both the
numerator and the denominator of the fraction 27/35 so
(A) 10 only
that it becomes ⅔ ?
(B) 20 only
(A) 6
(C) both 10 and 20
(B) 8
(D) neither 10 nor 20
(C) 9

(D) 11

23. What is the LCM of x2 +2x - 8, x3 -4x2 +4x and x2 + 4x 24. Three circles each of radius 3.5 cm touch one
? another. The area subtended between them is

(A) x{x + 4)(x - 2) 2 (A) 6(√3π -2) square units

(B) x(x +4)(x -2) (B) 6(2π -√3) square units

(C) x{x + 4)(x + 2) 2 (C) 49/8(2√3-π) square units

(D) x(x +4)2 (x - 2) (D) 49/8(√3-π) square units

25. The areas of three adjacent faces of a cuboid are x, y 26. A hospital room is to accommodate 56 patients. It
and z. If V is the volume of the cuboid, then which one of should be done in such a way that every patient gets 2.2
the following is correct ? m2 of floor and 8.8 m3 of space. If the length of the room
is 14 m, the breadth and the height of the room are
(A) V = xyz
respectively
(B) V2 = xyz
(A) 8.8 m, 4 m
(C) V3 = xyz
(B) 8.4 m, 4.2 m
(D) V = (xyz)2
(C) 8 m, 4 m

(D) 7.8 m, 4·2 m

27. If the length of a side of a square is increased by 8 28. Directions for the following items : Read the
cm, its area increases by 120 square cm. What is the following information and answer the four items that
length of a side of the square ? follow: The data shows that Indian roads are turning
deadlier over the years. What is the average number of
(A) 2.5 cm
cyclists killed daily in road accidents in 2017 ?
(B) 3.5 cm
(A) 10
(C) 4.5 cm
(B) 12
(D) 5.5 cm
(C) 19

(D) 21

29. A 225 m long train is running at a speed of 30 30. The areas of two circular fields are in the ratio 16:49.
km/hour. How much time does it take to cross a man If the radius of the bigger field is 14 m, then what is the
running at 3 km/hour in the same direction? radius of the smaller field ?

(A) 40 seconds (A) 4 m

(B) 30 seconds (B) 8m

(C) 25 seconds (C) 9m

(D) 15 seconds (D) 10 m

31. In the figure given below, two equal chords cut at 32. If sin θ - cos θ = 0, then what is sin4 θ + cos4 θ equal
point P. If AB = CD = 10 cm, OC = 13 cm (O is the centre to ?
of the circle) and PB = 3 cm,then what is the length of OP
(A) 1
?
(B) (3/4)
(A) 5 cm
(C) (1/2)
(B) 6 cm
(D) (1/4)
(C) 2√29 cm

(D) 2√37 cm

33. What is the value of (443+547)2+(443-547)2443 × 34. The radii of two circles are 4.5 cm and 3.5 cm
443+547 × 547 respectively. The distance between the centres of the
circles is 10 cm. What is the length of the transverse
(A) 0
common tangent ?
(B) 1
(A) 4 cm
(C) 2
(B) 5 cm
(D) 3
(C) 6 cm

(D) 7 cm

35. If tan θ + sec θ = m, then what is sec θ equal to ? 36. A hollow sphere of external and internal diameters 6
cm and 4 cm respectively is melted into a cone of base
diameter 8 cm. What is the height of the cone ?

(A) 4.75 cm

(B) 5.50 cm

(C) 6.25 cm

(D) 6.75 cm
(A) (a)

(B) (b)

(C) (c)

(D) (d)

37. If the equations x2 + 5x + 6 = 0 and x2+ kx + 1 = 0 38. All the four sides of a parallelogram are of equal
have a common root, then what is the value of k ? length. The diagonals are in the ratio 1: 2. If the sum of
the length of the diagonals is 12 cm, then what is the
(A) -5/2 or -10/3
area of the parallelogram ?
(B) 5/2 or 10/3
(A) 9 cm2
(C) 5/2 or -10/3
(B) 12 cm2
(D) -5/2 or 10/3
(C) 16 cm2

(D) 25 cm2

39. What is the difference between 0-9 and 0.9 ? 40. A person carries Rs. 500 and wants to buy apples and
oranges out of it. If the cost of one apple is 5 and the
(A) 0
cost of one orange is Rs. 7, then what is the number of
(B) 0.099
ways in which a person can buy both apples and oranges
(C) 0.1 using total amount ?
(D) 0.09
(A) 10

(B) 14

(C) 15

(D) 17

41. Let a, b, c, d, e, f, g be consecutive even numbers 42. ABCD is a rectangle. The diagonals AC and BD
and j, k, l, m, n be consecutive odd numbers. What is the intersect at O. If AB = 32 cm and AD = 24 cm, then what
average of all the numbers ? is OD equal to ?

(A) (3(a+n))/(2) (A) 22 cm

(B) ((5 l+7 d))/(4) (B) 20 cm

(C) ((a+b+m+n))/(4) (C) 18 cm

(D) None of the above (D) 16 cm

43. The number of prime numbers who are less than 100 44. Consider the following statements: 1. x + 3 is the
is factor of x3 +2x2 + 3x + 8. 2. x - 2 is the factor of x3 +2x2
+ 3x + 8. Which of the statements given above is/ are
(A) 24
correct?
(B) 25
(A) 1 only
(C) 26
(B) 2 only
(D) 27
(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither 1 nor 2

45. In the equilateral triangle ABC given below, AD = DB 46. What is the value of √[3]4 (12)/(125) ?
and AE = EC. If I is the length of a side of the triangle,
(A) 1 (3)/(5)
then what is the area of the shaded region ?
(B) 1 (2)/(5)
(A) 3 √(3) l216
(C) 1 (4)/(5)
(B) 3 l216
(D) 2 (2)/(5)
(C) 3 √(3) l232

(D) 3 i232

47. The pair of rational numbers that lies between (1/4)

48. What is equal to

?

(A) 1

(B) 2
and (3/4) is
(C) tan θ

(D) cot θ
(A) (a)

(B) (b)

(C) (c)

(D) (d)

49. A trader sells two computers at the same price, 50. If x is positive even integer and y is negative odd
making a profit of 30% on one and a loss of 30% on the integer, then xy is
other. What is the net loss or profit - percentage on the
(A) odd integer
transaction ?
(B) even integer
(A) 6% loss
(C) rational number
(B) 6% gain
(D) None of the above
(C) 9% loss

(D) 9% gain

51. If the price of wheat rises by 25%, then by how much 52. What is the value of 190 710+ 73° 17° ?
percent must a man reduce his consumption in order to
(A) 0
keep his budget the same as before ?
(B) 1
(A) 15%
(C) 2
(B) 20%
(D) 4
(C) 25%

(D) 30%

53. The quantity which must be added to (1- x){1 + x2) to 54. How many 200 mm lengths can be cut from 10 m of
obtain x3 is ribbon?

(A) 2x3 + 3x2 + x + 1 (A) 50

(B) 2x3 + x2 + x - 1 (B) 40

(C) 2x3 - x2 + x - 1 (C) 30

(D) - x2 + x - 1 (D) 20

55. For 0 m 1, which one of the following is correct ? 56. Two equal circular regions of greatest possible area
are cut off from a given circular sheet of area A. What is
(A) log m m2 m ml-1
10
the remaining area of the sheet ?
(B) m m-1 m2 log m
10
(A) A/2
(C) log m m-1 m2
10
(B) A/3
(D) log m m-1 m m2
10
(C) 3A/5

(D) 2A/5

57. Which one of the following decimal numbers is a 58. A person sold an article for ₹ 3,600 and got a profit of
rational numbers is a rational number with denominator 20%. Had he sold the article for ₹ 3,150, how much profit
37 ? would he have got?

(A) 0.459459459... (A) 4%

(B) 0.459459459 (B) 5%

(C) 0.0459459459... (C) 6%

(D) 0.00459459459... (D) 10%

59. If x is the curved surface area and y is the volume of 60. What is the number digits in 240 ? (Given that log 2
10
a right circular cylinder, then which one of the following = 0.301)
is correct?
(A) 14
(A) The ratio of height to radius of the cylinder is (B) 13
independent of x only
(C) 12
(B) The ratio of height to radius of the cylinder is
(D) 11
independent of y only

(C) Either (a) or (b)

(D) Neither (a) nor (b)

61. Consider the following statements. [1] √75 is a 62. ABC is a triangle and D is a point on the side BC. If
rational number. [2] There exists at least a positive BC = 12 cm, BD = 9 cm and ∠ADC = ∠ BAC, then the
integer x such that -(4 x)/(5)-(7)/(8) [3] (x-2)/(x)1 for all length of AC is equal to
real values of x. [4] 4.232323...... can be expressed in the
(A) 5 cm
form p/q where p and q are integers. , Which of the above
(B) 6 cm
statements are correct ?
(C) 8 cm
(A) 1 and 2
(D) 9 cm
(B) 2 and 3

(C) 3 and 4

(D) 2 and 4

63. Consider the following statements: [1] If p divides 64. When N is divided by 17, the quotient is equal to
the product gr and if q and r, then p is relatively prime to 182. The difference between the quotient and the
the product qr [2] If p divides the product qr and if p remainder is 175, What is the value of N?
divides q, then p must divide r. Which of the above
(A) 2975
statements is/are correct ?
(B) 3094
(A) 1 only
(C) 3101
(B) 2 only
(D) 3269
(C) Both 1 and 2

(D) Neither-1 nor 2

65. 0 < θ < 90°, sinθ = 3/5 and x = cotθ, then what is the 66. A piece of wire is in the form of a sector of a circle of
value of 1 +3x +9x2 +27x3 +81x4+243x5 ? radius 20 cm, subtending an angle 150° at the centre. If
it is bent in the form of a circle, then what will be its
(A) 941
radius?
(B) 1000
(A) 19/3 cm
(C) 1220
(B) 7 cm
(D) 1365
(C) 8 cm

(D) None of the above

67. Sunil wants to spend Rs 200 on two types of sweets, 68. What is the LCM of the polynomials 4a2 - 25b2 and 6a
costing Rs 7 and Rs 10 respectively. What is the 2 + 15ab.

maximum number of sweets he can get so that no money
(A) 3a(2a + 5b) (2a - 6b)
is left over ?
(B) 3a(2a + 5b) (2a - 5b)
(A) 25
(C) 3a(2a + 5b) (5a - 5b)
(B) 26
(D) 2a(2a + 5b) (2a - 5b)
(C) 27

(D) 28

69. What is the average number of scooters of company 70. What is 262 + 972 equal to?
Y sold by the showrooms A, C and E ?
(A) 272 + 932
(A) 153.66 (B) 342 + 932
(B) 143.66 (C) 822 + 412
(C) 142 (D) 792 + 622
(D) 138.66

71. X, Y and Z start at same point and same time in the 72. What is the value of x3 > x2 ?
same direction to run around a circular stadium. X
(A) x is an integer greater than 1
completes a round in 252 seconds , Y in 308 seconds and
(B) x is an integer greater than 2
Z in 198 seconds. After what time will they meet again at
the starting point ? (C) x is an integer greater than -2

(D) x is an integer greater than 0
(A) 26 minutes 18 seconds

(B) 42 minutes 36 seconds

(C) 45 minutes

(D) 46 minutes and 12 seconds

73. Rs 120 is distributed among A, B and C so that A’s 74. Two numbers p and q are such that the quadratic
share is Rs 20 more than B’s and Rs 20 less than C’s. equation has px2+3x+2q=0 as the sum and the product
What is B’s share ? of the roots. What is the value of (p - q )?

(A) Rs 10 (A) -1

(B) Rs 15 (B) 1

(C) Rs 20 (C) 2

(D) Rs 25 (D) 3

75. If sin θ + cos θ = √3, then what is tan θ + cot θ equal 76. A real number x is such that (x-x2) is maximum. What
to? is x equal to ?

(A) 1 (A) -1.5

(B) √2 (B) -0.5

(C) 2 (C) 0.5

(D) √3 (D) 1.5

77. A stock of food grains is enough for 240 men for 48 78. The ratio of two numbers is 1:5 and their product is
days. How long will the same stock last for 160 men ? 320. What is the difference between the squares of these
two numbers ?
(A) 72 days

(B) 64 days (A) 1024

(C) 60 days (B) 1256

(D) 54 days (C) 1536

(D) 1640

79. For what value of k can the expression x3+kx2-7x+6 80. If x + y +z = 0, then what is (y+z-x)3 + (z+x-y)3 +
be resolved into three linear factors ? (x+y-z)3 equal to ?

(A) 0 (A) (x+y+z)3

(B) 1 (B) 3(x+y) (y+z) (z+x)

(C) 2 (C) 24xyz

(D) 3 (D) -24xyz

81. If 0 θ 90° , sin θ = ⅗ and x = cot θ, then what is the 82. A quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c is such that
value of 1 + 3x + 9x2 + 27x3 + 81x4 + 24x5 ? when it is divided by x, (x - 1) and (x + 1),the remainders
are 3, 6 and 4 respectively. What is the value of (a + b) ?
(A) 941

(B) 1000 (A) 3

(C) 1220 (B) 2

(D) 1365 (C) 1

(D) -1

83. ABC is a right angled triangle with base BC and 84. A right circular cone has height 8 cm. If the radius of
height AB. The hypotenuse AC is four times the length of its base is 6cm, then what is its total surface area ?
the perpendicular drawn to it from the opposite vertex.
(A) 96 π cm2
What is tan C equal to ?
(B) 69 π cm2
(A) 2 - √3
(C) 54 π cm2
(B) √3 -1
(D) 48 π cm2
(C) 2 + √3

(D) √3 + 1

85. The train fare and bus fare between two stations is
in the ratio 3:4. If the train fare increases by 20% and bus
86. If 4 tan θ = 3, then what is equal
fare increases by 30% , then what is the ratio between
to ?
revised train fare and revised bus fare ?
(A) (1/2)
(A) 9/13
(B) (1/3)
(B) 17/12
(C) (1/4)
(C) 32/43
(D) (1/6)
(D) 19/21

87. The diameter of the moon is approximately one- 88. Directions for the following items : Read the
fourth of the diameter of the earth. What is the ratio following information and answer the four items that
[approximate] of their volumes? follow: The data shows that Indian roads are turning
deadlier over the years. What was. the average number
(A) 1: 16
of pedestrians killed per:day in the year 2017?
(B) 1: 64
(A) 51
(C) 1: 4
(B) 33
(D) 1: 128
(C) 54

(D) 56

89. ABCD is a quadrilateral such that BC = BA and CD > 90. The quotient when x4 -x2+7x+5 is divided by (x + 2)
AD. Which one of the following is correct? is ax3+ bx2 + cx + d. What are the values of a, b, c and d
respectively ?
(A) ∠BAD = ∠BCD

(B) ∠BAD ∠BCD (A) 1, -2, 3, 1

(C) ∠BAD > ∠BCD (B) -1, 2, 3, 1

(D) 2∠BAD = ∠BCD (C) 1, -2, -3, -1

(D) -1, 2, -3, -1

91. A right circular cylinder had a diameter of 20 cm and 92. A hollow right circular cylindrical vessel of volume
its curved surface area is 1000 cm2 ? What is the volume whose diameter is equal to its height, is completely filled
of the cylinder ? with water. A heavy sphere of maximum possible volume
is then completely immersed in the vessel. What volume
(A) 4000 cm3
of water remains in the vessel ?
(B) 4500 cm3
(A) V/2
(C) 5000 cm3
(B) V/3
(D) 5200 cm3
(C) 2V/3

(D) V/4

93. If α, β, γ are acute angles such that 94. A trader sells two computers at the same price,
making a profit of 30% on one and a loss of 30% on the
other. What is the net loss or profit percentage on the
then what is α
transaction ?
+ β + γ equal to ?
(A) 6% loss
(A) 105°
(B) 6% gain
(B) 120°
(C) 9% loss
(C) 135°
(D) 9% gain
(D) 150°

95. Which one of the following is’ not correct ? 96. What is the solution of the equation x log (10/3) +
10
log 3 = log (2 + 3x) + x ?
(A) 1 is neither prime nor composite. 10 10

(B) 0 is neither positive nor negative. (A) 10

(C) If p x q is even, then p and q are always even (B) 3

(D) √2 is an irrational number (C) 1

(D) 0

97. What is the value of aligned &11+xb-a+xc-a+11+xa-b 98. ABC and XYZ are two similar triangles with ∠C = ∠Z,
+xc-b+\\ &11+x2-e+xb-c aligned Where x ≠ 0 ? whose areas are respectively 32 cm2 and 60·5 cm2. If XY
= 7·7 cm, then what is AB equal to?
(A) -1

(B) 0 (A) 5·6 cm

(C) 1 (B) 5·8 cm

(D) 3 (C) 6·0 cm

(D) 6.2 cm

99. The surface area of a closed cylindrical box is 352
square cm. If its height is 10 cm, then what is its
diameter ?

(A) 4 cm

(B) 8 cm

(C) 9.12 cm

(D) 19.26 cm

100. Consider the following statements: Two triangles are said to be congruent, if (1) Three angles of one triangle are
equal to the corresponding three angles of the other triangle. (2) Three sides of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding three sides of the other triangle. (3) Two sides and the included angle of one triangle are equal to the
corresponding two sides and the included angle of the other triangle. (4) Two angles and the included side of one
triangle are equal to the corresponding two angles and the included side of the other triangle.

(A) 1,2 and 3

(B) 1,3 and 4

(C) 1,2 and 4

(D) 2,3 and 4

ANSWER KEY

1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (B)

8. (B) 9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (D)

15. (C) 16. (A) 17. (C) 18. (D) 19. (C) 20. (D) 21. (C)

22. (D) 23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (B) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (A)

29. (B) 30. (B) 31. (D) 32. (C) 33. (C) 34. (C) 35. (B)

36. (B) 37. (D) 38. (C) 39. (C) 40. (C) 41. (D) 42. (B)

43. (B) 44. (D) 45. (A) 46. (A) 47. (D) 48. (A) 49. (D)

50. (C) 51. (B) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (A) 55. (A) 56. (A)

57. (A) 58. (B) 59. (D) 60. (B) 61. (D) 62. (B) 63. (A)

64. (C) 65. (D) 66. (B) 67. (B) 68. (B) 69. (B) 70. (D)

71. (C) 72. (C) 73. (C) 74. (B) 75. (B) 76. (C) 77. (A)

78. (C) 79. (A) 80. (C) 81. (D) 82. (A) 83. (D) 84. (A)

85. (C) 86. (D) 87. (B) 88. (D) 89. (C) 90. (A) 91. (C)

92. (A) 93. (C) 94. (C) 95. (C) 96. (D) 97. (C) 98. (A)

99. (B) 100. (D)