NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science (History) India After Independence [Old Book]

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 8TH

aglase .co

Book - Our Pasts-III Ncert Solutions | Chapter-10 History

Class : 8th
Subject : History
Chapter : 10
Chapter Name : The MakingName
Chapter Of The: National Movement:
India After 1870s-1947
Independence

Q1 Name three problems that the newly independent nation of India faced.

Answer. (i) The three problems that the newly 8 million refugees who had come into the country
from newlybom Pakistan.
(ii) The problem of the princely states. here were almost 500 princely states, each ruled by a
Maharaja or a Nawab, and each of them had to be persuaded to join the new nation,
(iii) The new nation had to adopt a political system that would best serve the hopes and
aspirations of the people

Page : 140 , Block Name : Let’s Recall

Q2 What was the role of the Planning Commission?

Answer. The Planning Commission helped design and execute suitable policies for economic
development.

Page : 140 , Block Name : Let’s Recall

Q3 Fill in the blanks:
(a) Subjects that were placed on the Union List were _________, _________ and _________.
(b) Subjects on the Concurrent List were _________ and _________.
(c) Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role in development
was called a _________ _________ model.
(d) The death of _________ sparked off such violent protests that the government was forced to give
in to the demand for the linguistic state of Andhra.

Answer. (a) Taxes, defence, foreign affairs
(b) Forests, agriculture
(c) 'mixed economy'
(d) Potti Sriramulu

Page : 140 , Block Name : Let’s Recall

Q4 State whether true or false:
(a) At independence, the majority of Indians lived in villages.
(b) The Constituent Assembly was made up of members of the Congress party.
(c) In the �rst national election, only men were allowed to vote.

Page 1 of 3 Aglasem Schools

Book - Our Pasts-III Ncert Solutions | Chapter-10 History
(d) The Second Five Year Plan focused on the development of heavy industry.

Answer. (a) True
(b) False
(c) False
(d) True

Page : 141 , Block Name : Let’s Recall

Q5 What did Dr Ambedkar mean when he said that “In politics we will have equality, and in social
and economic life we will have inequality”?

Answer. What Ambedkar wanted to say was that providing voting right to the lower caste people
would not remove other inequalities such as between rich and poor, or between upper castes and
lower castes. These classes of people could be labelled equal only politically but in reality it could
not be possible due to our social and economic structure.

Q6 After Independence, why was there a reluctance to divide the country on linguistic lines?

Answer. India got independence at the cost of its division. This division had been done on the
basis of religion. As a result of this division more than a million people had been killed in riots
between Hindus and Muslims. In such circumstances, it was not wise to further divide the country
on the basis of language. Therefore, both Prime Minister Nehru and Deputy Prime Minister Patel
were against the creation of linguistic states.

Q7 Give one reason why English continued to be used in India after Independence.

Answer. English continued to be used in India after Independence because south Indian states
expressed strong opposition to Hindi.

Q8 How was the economic development of India visualised in the early decades after
Independence?

Answer. In 1950, the government set up a Planning Commission to help design and execute
suitable policies for economic development. There was a broad agreement on "mixed economy'
model. Here, both the state and the private sector would play important and complementary roles
in increasing production and generating jobs. Now, it was on the Planning Commission to de�ne
which industries should be initiated by the state and which by the market and how to achieve a
balance between the different regions and states. In 1 956, the Second Five Year Plan was
formulated which focused on the development of heavy industries such as steel, and on the
Page 2 of 3 Aglasem Schools

Book - Our Pasts-III Ncert Solutions | Chapter-10 History
building of large dams. These sectors would be under the control of the state. This focus on heavy
industry, and the effort at state regulation of the economy was to guide economic policy for the
next few decades.

Q9 Who was Mira Behn? Find out more about her life and her ideas.

Answer. Mira Behn (1892-1982) was the daughter of a British Admiral. Her real name was
Madeline Shade. She left England to live and work with Mahatma Gandhi. She devoted her life to
human development, the advancement of Gandhiji's principles and to the freedom struggle. She
was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1982'

Page : 141 , Block Name : Let’s Do

Q10 Find out more about the language divisions in Pakistan that led to the creation of the new
nation of Bangladesh.How did Bangladesh achieve independence from Pakistan?

Answer. Pakistan was divided into two regions—East Pakistan and West Pakistan. This division
was done on the basis of linguistic majority. The East Pakistan was dominated by Bengala-
speaking Muslims while the West Pakistan was dominated by Urdu-speaking Muslims. The people
of the West Pakistan always considered the Bengali Muslims living in the East Pakistan inferior to
them. So, the Muslims living in East Pakistan were devoid of all facilities and fundamental rights.
It caused great dissatisfaction among them. They began migrating to India. Their number grew so
large that India was compelled to intervene the situation. It supported the cause of the East
Pakistan which resulted in a war between India and Pakistan. Finally India won the war in favour
of the East Pakistan and declared it as a new country named Bangladesh on 1 6th December 1 971.
Bangladesh was now recognised as a sovereign nation and Muziburr Rehman was its �rst
President.

Page : 141 , Block Name : Let’s Do

Page 3 of 3 Aglasem Schools