NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science (Civics) Chapter 4 Judiciary

NCERT
SOLUTIONS
CLASS - 8TH

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Book : Social and Political Life Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Civics

Class : 8th
Subject : Civics
Chapter : 5
Chapter Name : Judiciary

Q1 Do you think that any ordinary citizen stands a chance against a politician in this kind of
judicial system? Why not?

Answer. Missing

Page : 56 , Block Name : What Is An Independent Judiciary

Q2 List two reasons why you believe an independent judiciary is essential to democracy.

Answer. Missing

Page : 57 , Block Name : What Is An Independent Judiciary

Q3 Write two sentences of what you understand about the appellate system from the given case.

Answer. Missing

Page : 59 , Block Name : What Is The Structure Of Courts In India

Q4 Discuss the impact of the shortage of judges on the delivery of justice to the litigants.

Answer. Missing

Page : 63 , Block Name : What Is The Structure Of Courts In India

Q1 You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing
Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this
important function?

Answer. It is necessary to have an independent judiciary to carry out the basic function of
“upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights” because the judiciary plays a crucial role in
the functioning of India’s democracy. It can function in this capacity only if it is independent of
pressure from the legislature and the executive. This ensures two important things: one, the
separation of powers between the judiciary, legislature and the executive can be maintained
smoothly; two, any citizen can approach the courts of law if his/her Fundamental Rights are
violated, without fear of disputes being solved in favour of those in power.

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Book : Social and Political Life Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Civics

Q2 Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in chapter 1. How do you think the Right to
Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?

Answer. The Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review in its
capacity of protecting the rights of an individual against the working of the State legislature or
executive. The Right to Constitutional Remedies allows citizens to move the court if they think
that any of their Fundamental Rights are being violated by the State administration. Judicial
review implies invalidation of legislative or executive action if it is seen to violate Fundamental
Rights. Hence, the Right to Constitutional Remedies and judicial review are inter-connected
because the latter is practiced when a Fundamental Right is violated by the State. In this case, a
higher court can repeal the judgments of a lower court based on its own investigation.

Q3 In the Following illustration, ll in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in
the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in class.

Answer. Lower Court (Trial Court): Laxman, his mother Shakuntala and his brother-in-law
Subhash Chandra were sentenced to death
High Court: Laxman, Shakuntala and Subhash Chandra were acquitted.
Supreme Court: Laxman, Shakuntala were given life imprisonment while Subhash Chandra was
acquitted for lack of suf cient evidence.

Q4 Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that
are false.
(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of
the Trial Court.
(b) They went to the High Court after the supreme Court had given its decision.
(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.

Answer. (a) True

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Book : Social and Political Life Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Civics

(b) They went to the High Court after the Trial Court had given its decision.
(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused cannot go back again to the Trial
Court since the Supreme Court is at the highest rung of the judiciary pyramid.

Q5 Why do you think the introduction of Public interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a
signi cant step in ensuring access to justice for all?

Answer. The introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a signi cant step in
ensuring access to justice for all because it also keeps in mind the interests of the illiterate and
poor who are not educated enough or cannot afford to access the Indian legal system for justice
against exploitation or violation of their basic human and Fundamental Rights.

Q6 Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case.
Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood
was part of the Right to Life.

Answer. In Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation case, the judges said that the Right to
Livelihood was part of the Right to Life. They stated that life does not merely imply an animal
existence; it cannot be lived without a means of living, that is, “the means of livelihood”. The
judges conferred that eviction from a pavement or slum is deprivation of means of livelihood for
the poor who cannot afford to live anywhere else. They take up small jobs in surrounding areas
and to lose their pavement or slum would lead to loss of a job resulting in loss of a means of
livelihood. Consequently, leading to “deprivation of life”. This is how the judges connected Right
to Livelihood to the Right to Life.

Q7 Write a story around the theme, ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’.

Answer. DIY

Q8 Make sentences with each of the glossary words given on the next page.

Answer. (a) Acquit – The strong case in favour of Ravi led the High Court to acquit him of all
charges of guilt that the Trial Court had levied on him.
(b) To appeal – The women’s organization lent strong support to the domestic maid to appeal
against charges of theft that her employer had accused her of.
(c) Compensation – The state government paid compensation to the victims’ families after an
unfortunate train accident that killed hundreds.

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Book : Social and Political Life Ncert Solutions | Chapter-5 Civics

(d) Eviction – The company’s claims to land occupied by slum-dwellers led to the poor people’s
eviction from their homes, which were bull-dozed by municipal authorities.
(e) Violation- The judiciary takes stringent action against any violation of Fundamental Rights.

Q9 The following is a poster made by the Right to Food Campaign.
Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food.
How does the phrase “hungry stomachs, over owing godowns! We will not accept it!!” used in the
poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to food on page 61?

Answer. The duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food include providing for the poor
who cannot afford basic meals; taking care of the elderly, widows, disabled and children who
might not be able to earn a livelihood; and, ensuring that no one dies due to malnutrition or
hunger.
The phrase “Hungry stomachs, over owing godowns! We will not accept it !!” relates to the photo
essay on the Right to Food (on page 61) because it highlights the droughts in Rajasthan and Orissa
in 2001 when millions faced acute shortage of food even though government godowns were
over owing with grain which was being eaten away by rats. The People’s Union of Civil Liberties
led a PIL in the Supreme Court against the guilty state governments who were then directed to
provide more employment, food at cheaper rates and mid-day meals for children. In this sad
situation of “hunger amidst plenty”, the led PIL helped bring relief to many.

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