PSEB 12th Class Syllabus 2027 Geography

FOR PUNJAB CLASS 12 PREPARATION

PSEB 12th Class
Syllabus 2027
EXAM YEAR TYPE SUBJECT

Punjab Class 12 2027 Syllabus Geography

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

Syllabus
CLASS-XII
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● Nature and Scope of Geography and its Branches:
• Geographical thought; Brief definitions of Determinism, and Possibilism,
radical and postmodern Geography. The contribution of A.V Humboldt, Carl
Ritter, Paul Vidal De La Blache, and E.C Sample, and Branches of
Geography.
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● Population: Distribution, Density and Growth, Age-sex ratio, Urbanisation, Literacy.
● Determinants of population change, Geography of Indian Diaspora, Migration
causes and consequences, Demographic transition theory.
● Human development concept; selected indicators, international comparison,
Punjab’s rank in national HDI
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Human settlements: Rural and Urban, Urbanisation in India and its impact.
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Distribution of Metropolitan cities, Mega cities. Growth centres and Growth
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poles, Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

UNIT–III

Economic Geography

PrimaryActivities:
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agriculture, Modern trends in agriculture with special reference to Punjab, and
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Geographic distribution of major crops in India (Wheat,
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SecondaryActivities:
● Concepts, Manufacturing types (Household, Small scale, large scale, agro-
based and mineral based industries) with special reference to Punjab. Distribution of
metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese,) Non-Metallic, Conventional (Coal,
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Petroleum, Natural gas) Non- conventional (Solar, Wind, Tidal) and Conservation of
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● Industries:la
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textile, Sugar,agPharmaceutical, Petrochemical and knowledge-based industries.
Industrial corridors, dedicated freight corridors.
● Tertiary activities; Quaternary,and Quinary activities.
● People engaged in tertiary industries. Acase study from Punjab.
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UNIT-IV

Transport, Communication and Trade.

● Land transport: Roads, (North South, East-West corridors, Golden
quadrilateral and Diamond Quadrilateral) New Numbering scheme of National
Highways.
● Railways: Trans-Continental railways. Luxury trains in India.
● Water transport. Inland, Major Ocean routes of the world.
● Air transport, oil and gas pipelines (TAPI, HBJ, Indo Iranian
Naharkatia-Nunmati-Barauni Pipeline, Kandla-Bhatinda Pipeline, Gas
pipelines- Jamnagar Srinagar L.P.G Pipeline, Dhabol-Kakinada pipeline.
●International and National trade, Sea ports and their Hinter lands and Major airports)
●International trade bases and changing patterns. International organizations with
reference to India. Role of WTO in International trade.

UNIT– V

●Geographical Perspectives on selected issues and problems. Environmental pollution;
Land, Water, Air
●Geography of Superlatives in India and Punjab.

UNIT-VI

A. Practical work: 15marks

1. Types of data: Primary, Secondary and other resources
2. Representation of data–Construction of diagrams: Bars, Circle and Flowcharts
3. Thematic maps; Construction of dot, Choropleth and Isopleth with base map of
Punjab.
4. Data analysis and generation of diagrams graphs with the help of computers.
5. Satellite communication, Geographical information system-Definitions
and Global Positioning System: Show working of GPS

B. INA/Project report/BB: 05marks.
Project report in the following topics as per the convenience and resources available.
1. Growth of population. Changing patterns in agriculture,
2. Migration patterns from Punjab to foreign countries
3. Land, Water, air pollution: Meaning, causes, sources and measures to control them.
4. Changing patterns of settlements.
5. Changing patterns of transportation.
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6. Superlatives of any concerned city or village.

NOTE: Students may use questionnaire , interviews and observation method for data m
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