Karnataka 8th Model Question Paper 2023 Social Science

Karnataka Board

SAMPLE
PAPER


2023

PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ±Á¯Á ¥ÀjÃPÉë ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiË®å¤tðAiÀÄ ªÀÄAqÀ°
PÉJ¸ïPÀÄåJJ¹, ªÀįÉèñÀégÀA, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-560003.
KARNATAKA SCHOOL EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT BOARD
KSQAAC, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru-560003.
ªÀi˯ÁåAPÀ£À - ªÀiÁZïð 2023 - ªÀiÁzÀj ¥Àæ±ÉÆßÃvÀÛgÀ ¥ÀwæPÉ
Assessment - March 2023 Model Paper
Subject : Social Science Marks : 40
Class : 8 Medium : English Time : 2 Hours
Information to be filled by the Student
Name of the Student : _____________________________________________________________

Student SATS No : Signature
of the Student :________________

Information to be filled by the Room Invigilator
School DISE Code :

School Name :____________________________________________________________________

Cluster :__________________ Block :______________________ District :__________________
School Type : Govt. Aided Un-aided
(Put “” mark for applicable information)
Signature of the Room Invigilator : ______________________
Information to be filled by the Evaluator at the time of evaluation
Question Obtained Question Obtained Question Obtained
Number marks Number marks Number marks
1 11 21
2 12 22
3 13 23
4 14 24
5 15 25
6 16 26
7 17 27
8 18 28
9 19 -
10 20 -
Total marks Total marks Total marks
Grand Total

Total marks obtained (in words) :____________________________________________________
Signature of the Evaluator : _______________________
Name of the Evaluator : _______________________

2
I Four alternatives are given for each of the following questions/
incomplete statements. Choose the correct alternative and write the
complete answer along with the correct option for question numbers
1 to 20. 20 x 1 = 20

1. The book 'Indica' was Authored by
A. Vishnugupta B. Megasthenes
C. Vishakhadatta D. Kalidasa

Answer: ____________________

2. Ashoka appointed the 'Dharma mahamatras' because to provide

A. Good Administration
B. Security of the state
C. To spread the teachings of Buddha
D. For construction of Viharas

Answer: ____________________

3. The sculpture flourished during the time of Kushanas was,

A. Gandhara B. Dravida
C. Vesara D. Raaya Gopuram

Answer: ____________________

3
4. Kalidasa : Ritu Samhara : : Varahamihira : __________ .

A. Mricchakatika B. Mudrarakshasa
C. Charaka Samhita D. Panchsiddhantika

Answer: ____________________

5. During the period of Vardhanas, "Mahabaladhikrutha" was in charge of

A. Military B. Revenue
C. Education D. Health

Answer: ____________________

6. The dynasty that constructed Chaityalaya at Karle was

A. Kadambas B. Guptas
C. Shathavahanas D. Chalukyas

Answer: ____________________

7. The main objective of establishment of the "Ghatikas" during the period of
Gangas was

A. Supply of Irrigation
B. Higher Education
C. Primary Education
D. Village Administration

Answer: ____________________
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8. Assertion (A) : Gangas were followers of Jainism.
Reason (R) : Gangas installed Gomateshwara statue at
Shravanabelagola.

A. Assertion (A) is false
B. Reason (R) is true
C. Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
D. Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are falls

Answer: ____________________

9. Pulikeshi - II was titled as "Dakshina patheshwara" because he,

A. Encouraged the religious tolerance
B. Defeated the Harshavardhan of North India
C. Encouraged the art and architecture
D. Defeated the Hiuen Tsang

Answer: ____________________

10. The founder of Rashtrakuta Dynasty was

A. Govinda B. Simuka
C. Mayura Varma D. Danti Durga

Answer: ____________________

5
11. Arrange the following events in chronological order and choose the correct
option

i. Defeat of karka -II
ii. Chalukya vikrama Era was began
iii. Social revolution by Basaveshwara
iv. The administration of Bijjala was began

A. iii, ii, i, iv B. i, ii, iv, iii
C. iv, i, ii, iii D. ii, i, iii, iv

Answer: ____________________

12. The temple given in the picture is,

A. Keshava temple B. Virupaksha temple
C. Madhukeshwara temple D. Hoysaleshwara temple

Answer: ____________________

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13. The important feature found in the temples of Hoysala is,

A. Manastambhas B. Raaya Gopuram
C. Domes D. Star-shaped Sanctum

Answer: ____________________

14. The Panchayat Development Officer is appointed to maintain the
administration of,

A. Village Panchayat B. Taluk Panchayat
C. Zilla Panchayat D. City Municipal

Answer: ____________________

15. The best example for rural local government is,

A. City Municipal B. Mahanagara Palika
C. Town Municipal D. Taluk Panchayat

Answer: ____________________

16. "Bruhat Mahanagara Palike" is found in this city,

A. Mangalore B. Bangalore
C. Mysore D. Kolar

Answer: ____________________

7
17. The "Guyots" are found in this part of the ocean floor.

A. Continental shelf B. Continental slope
C. The deep sea plain D. The ocean deep

Answer: ____________________

18. The best example for Ocean trench is,

A. Tonga B. Suez
C. Java D. Panama

Answer: ____________________

19. The effect of Air pollution is,

A. Flood B. Ozone depletion
C. Land slide D. Destruction of aquatic creatures

20. Sewage treatment of water, represents which of the following.

A. Controlling Air pollution
B. Controlling Sound pollution
C. Controlling Radiation pollution
D. Controlling Water pollution

Answer: ____________________

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II. Answer questions 21 to 28 in the space provided.
21. Mention the effects of the battle of Kalinga. 2 Marks

Or

Mention the religious achievements of Kanishka.

22. Write about Kailasanatha temple (Ellora). 2 Marks

Or

Why should we preserve lakes?

9
23. "Cholas had good village administration system." -Justify the statement.
2 Marks

Or

"We should preserve historical monuments."- Justify the statement.

24. List out the facilities provided by City Municipals. 2 Marks

Or

List out the facilities provided by Grama Panchayatas.

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25. Mention the types of environmental pollution. 2 Marks

Or

a) Name the waterfall given in this picture.

b) Which river forms this waterfall?

11
26. What are the contributions of the Guptas in the field of literature? 3 Marks
Or
Explain the administrative system of Vardhanas.

27. Which are the temples built during the period of Chalukyas of Badami?
3 Marks
Or
What are the sources of Noise pollution?

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28. Draw an outline map of South India and mark the following places.
4 Marks

a) Banavasi.
b) Shravanabelagola.
c) Talakadu.

Or

Draw an outline map of India and mark the following places.

a) Nasik.
b) Broach.
c) Bhatkal.

13
Alternative question for visually impaired candidates only.
(In lieu of question number 28)

Classify and right below given dynasties into North Indian dynasyies and
South Indian dynasties.

a) Cholas b) Mouryas c) Guptas d) Hoysalas

e) Kadambas f) Vardhanas g) Rashtrakutas h) Kushanas

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PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ±Á¯Á ¥ÀjÃPÉë ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiË®å¤tðAiÀÄ ªÀÄAqÀ°
PÉJ¸ïPÀÄåJJ¹, ªÀįÉèñÀégÀA, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-560003.
KARNATAKA SCHOOL EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT BOARD
KSQAAC, Malleshwaram, Bengaluru-560003.
ªÀi˯ÁåAPÀ£À - ªÀiÁZïð 2023 - ªÀiÁzÀj ¥Àæ±ÉÆßÃvÀÛgÀ ¥ÀwæPÉ
Assessment - March 2023 Model Paper
vÀgÀUÀw : 8 «µÀAiÀÄ : ¸ÀªÀiÁd «eÁÕ£À CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ : 40
ªÀiÁzsÀåªÀÄ : PÀ£ÀßqÀ ¸ÀªÀÄAiÀÄ : 2 UÀAmÉ
«zÁåyðUÀ¼ÀÄ ¨sÀwð ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃPÁVgÀĪÀ ªÀiÁ»w
«zÁåyðAiÀÄ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ : _____________________________________________________________________

«zÁåyðAiÀÄ SATS ¸ÀASÉå : «zÁåyðAiÀÄ ¸À» :_______________

PÉÆoÀr ªÉÄðéZÁgÀPÀgÀÄ ¨sÀwð ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃPÁVgÀĪÀ ªÀiÁ»w
±Á¯ÉAiÀÄ qÉʸï PÉÆÃqï :

±Á¯ÉAiÀÄ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ :_________________________________________________________________________

PÀè¸ÀÖgï :______________________ ¨ÁèPï :_______________________ f¯Éè :_______________________
±Á¯ÉAiÀÄ «zsÀ : ¸ÀPÁðj C£ÀÄzÁ¤vÀ C£ÀÄzÁ£À gÀ»vÀ
(C£Àé¬Ä¸ÀĪÀ ªÀiÁ»wUÉ “” UÀÄgÀÄvÀÄ ºÁQj)
PÉÆoÀr ªÉÄðéZÁgÀPÀgÀ ¸À» :______________________________
ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£À ¸ÀªÀÄAiÀÄzÀ°è ²PÀëPÀgÀÄ ¨sÀwð ªÀiÁqÀ¨ÉÃPÁzÀ ªÀiÁ»w
¥Àæ±Éß ¸ÀASÉå ¥ÀqÉzÀ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ¥Àæ±Éß ¸ÀASÉå ¥ÀqÉzÀ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ¥Àæ±Éß ¸ÀASÉå ¥ÀqÉzÀ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
1 11 21
2 12 22
3 13 23
4 14 24
5 15 25
6 16 26
7 17 27
8 18 28
9 19 -
10 20 -
MlÄÖ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ MlÄÖ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ MlÄÖ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
MlÄÖ UÀ½¹zÀ CAPÀ

MlÄÖ UÀ½¹zÀ CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ (CPÀëgÀUÀ¼À°è)___________________________________________________________

ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥ÀPÀgÀ ¸À» : _______________________

ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥ÀPÀgÀ ºÉ¸ÀgÀÄ : _______________________

2
I. 1 jAzÀ 20 gÀªÀgÉV£À ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ ¤ÃqÀ¯ÁVgÀĪÀ £Á®ÄÌ DAiÉÄÌUÀ¼À°è ¸ÀÆPÀÛªÁzÀ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß
Dj¹ ¤UÀ¢¥Àr¹gÀĪÀ ¸ÀܼÀzÀ°è PÀæªÀiÁPÀëgÀzÉÆA¢UÉ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß §gɬÄj. (20 x 1 = 20)

1. "EArPÁ" PÀÈwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß gÀa¹zÀªÀgÀÄ,
A. «µÀÄÚUÀÄ¥ÀÛ B. ªÉÄUÁ¸Àۤøï
C. «±ÁRzÀvÀÛ D. PÁ½zÁ¸À

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

2. C±ÉÆÃPÀ£ÀÄ ``zsÀªÀÄð ªÀĺÁªÀiÁvÀæ''gÀ£ÀÄß £ÉëĸÀ®Ä PÁgÀt,

A. GvÀÛªÀÄ DqÀ½vÀPÁÌV
B. gÁdåzÀ ¨sÀzÀævÉUÁV
C. §ÄzÀÞ£À «ZÁgÀUÀ¼À ¥Àæ¸ÁgÀPÁÌV
D. «ºÁgÀUÀ¼À ¤ªÀiÁðtPÁÌV

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

3. PÀıÁ£ÀgÀ PÁ®zÀ°è «PÀ¹vÀUÉÆAqÀ ²®àPÀ¯É,

A. UÁAzsÁgÀ B. zÁæ«qÀ
C. ªÉøÀgÀ D. gÁAiÀÄUÉÆÃ¥ÀÅgÀ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

3
4. PÁ½zÁ¸À : IÄvÀĸÀAºÁgÀ :: ªÀgÁºÀ«Ä»gÀ : __________ .

A. ªÀÄÈZÀÒPÀnPÀ B. ªÀÄÄzÁægÁPÀë¸À
C. ZÀgÀPÀ ¸ÀA»vÀ D. ¥ÀAZÀ¹zÁÝAwPÁ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

5. ªÀzsÀð£ÀgÀ PÁ®zÀ°è ``ªÀĺÁ§¯Á¢üPÀÈvÀ'' F PÉëÃvÀæzÀ dªÁ¨ÁÝj ºÉÆA¢zÀÝgÀÄ.

A. ¸ÉÊ£Àå B. PÀAzÁAiÀÄ
C. ²PÀët D. DgÉÆÃUÀå

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

6. PÁ¯ÉðAiÀÄ°è ZÉÊvÁå®AiÀÄ ¤«Äð¹zÀ gÁd ¸ÀAvÀw.

A. PÀzÀA§gÀÄ B. UÀÄ¥ÀÛgÀÄ
C. ±ÁvÀªÁºÀ£ÀgÀÄ D. ZÁ®ÄPÀågÀÄ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

7. UÀAUÀgÀ PÁ®zÀ°è ``WÀnPÀ¸ÁÜ£À''UÀ¼À ¸ÁÜ¥À£ÉAiÀÄ ªÀÄÄRå GzÉÝñÀ,

A. ¤ÃgÁªÀjAiÀÄ ¥ÀÇgÉÊPÉ
B. G£ÀßvÀ ²PÀët
C. ¥ÁæxÀ«ÄPÀ ²PÀët
D. UÁæªÀiÁqÀ½vÀ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

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8. ºÉýPÉ (A) : UÀAUÀgÀÄ eÉÊ£À ªÀÄvÁªÀ®A©UÀ¼ÁVzÀÝgÀÄ.
¥Àæw¥ÁzÀ£É (R) : UÀAUÀgÀÄ ±ÀæªÀt¨É¼ÀUÉƼÀzÀ°è UÉƪÀÄämÉñÀégÀ ¥ÀæwªÉÄAiÀÄ£ÀÄß
¥ÀæwµÁצ¹zÀgÀÄ.

A. ºÉýPÉ (A) vÀ¥ÀÅöà
B. ¥Àæw¥ÁzÀ£É (R) ¸Àj
C. ºÉýPÉ (A) ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥Àæw¥ÁzÀ£É (R) JgÀqÀÆ ¸Àj
D. ºÉýPÉ (A) ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥Àæw¥ÁzÀ£É (R) JgÀqÀÆ vÀ¥ÀÅöà

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

9. EªÀÄär ¥ÀÅ°PÉòAiÀÄÄ ``zÀQët ¥ÀxÉñÀégÀ'' JAzÀÄ ©gÀÄzÁAQvÀ£ÁzÀ£ÀÄ KPÉAzÀgÉ

A. zsÁ«ÄðPÀ ¸ÁªÀÄgÀ¸ÀåPÉÌ ¤ÃrzÀ ¥ÉÇæÃvÁìºÀ.
B. GvÀÛgÀzÀ ºÀµÀðªÀzsÀð£À£À£ÀÄß ¸ÉÆð¹zÀÝ£ÀÄ.
C. PÀ¯É ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÁ¸ÀÄÛ²®àªÀ£ÀÄß ¥ÉÇæÃvÁ컹zÀÝ£ÀÄ.
D. ºÀÆåAiÉÄ£ï-vÁìAUÀ£À£ÀÄß ¸ÉÆð¹zÀÝ£ÀÄ.

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

10. gÁµÀÖçPÀÆl ¸ÁªÀiÁædåzÀ ¸ÁÜ¥ÀPÀ

A. UÉÆëAzÀ B. ¹ªÀÄÄR
C. ªÀÄAiÀÄÆgÀªÀªÀÄð D. zÀAwzÀÄUÀð

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

5
11. F PɼÀV£À WÀl£ÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÁ¯Á£ÀÄPÀæªÀÄzÀ°è eÉÆÃr¹, ¸ÀjAiÀiÁzÀ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß DAiÉÄÌ ªÀiÁr

i. JgÀqÀ£Éà PÀPÀð£À ¥ÀgÁ¨sÀªÀ
ii. ZÁ®ÄPÀå «PÀæªÀÄ ±ÀPÉ ¥ÁægÀA¨sÀ
iii. §¸ÀªÉñÀégÀgÀ ¸ÁªÀiÁfPÀ PÁæAw
iv. ©dÓ¼À£À D½éPÉ ¥ÁægÀA¨sÀ

A. iii, ii, i, iv B. i, ii, iv, iii
C. iv, i, ii, iii D. ii, i, iii, iv

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

12. avÀæzÀ°ègÀĪÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀĪÀ£ÀÄß ºÉ¸Àj¹.

A. PÉñÀªÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀÄ B. «gÀÆ¥ÁPÀë zÉêÁ®AiÀÄ
C. ªÀÄzsÀÄPÉñÀégÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀÄ D. ºÉÆAiÀÄì¼ÉñÀégÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀÄ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

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13. ºÉÆAiÀÄì¼ÀgÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀÄUÀ¼À°è PÀAqÀħA¢gÀĪÀ ¥ÀæªÀÄÄR ®PÀët

A. ªÀiÁ£À ¸ÀÛA¨sÀUÀ¼ÀÄ B. gÁAiÀÄUÉÆÃ¥ÀÅgÀ
C. UÀĪÀÄälUÀ¼ÀÄ D. £ÀPÀëvÁæPÁgÀzÀ UÀ¨sÀðUÀȺÀ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

14. ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw C©üªÀÈ¢Þ C¢üPÁjAiÀÄÄ EzÀgÀ PÁAiÀÄð ¥Á®£ÉUÁV £ÉêÀÄPÀªÁVzÁÝgÉ.

A. UÁæªÀÄ ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw B. vÁ®ÆèPÀÄ ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw
C. f¯Áè ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw D. £ÀUÀgÀ¸À¨sÉ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

15. UÁæ«ÄÃt ¸ÀܽÃAiÀÄ ¸ÀgÀPÁgÀPÉÌ GvÀÛªÀÄ GzÁºÀgÀuÉAiÉÄAzÀgÉ,

A. £ÀUÀgÀ¸À¨sÉ B. ªÀĺÁ£ÀUÀgÀ ¥Á°PÉ
C. ¥ÀÅgÀ¸À¨sÉ D. vÁ®ÆèPÀÄ ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

16. ``§ÈºÀvï ªÀĺÁ£ÀUÀgÀ ¥Á°PÉ'' PÀAqÀÄ §A¢gÀĪÀ £ÀUÀgÀ.

A. ªÀÄAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ B. ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
C. ªÉÄʸÀÆgÀÄ D. PÉÆïÁgÀ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

7
17. ``UÀAiÉÆÃmïì''UÀ¼ÀÄ PÀAqÀħA¢gÀĪÀ ¸ÁUÀgÀzÀ ¨sÁUÀ,

A. RAqÁªÀgÀt ¥ÀæzÉñÀ B. RAqÁªÀgÀt E½eÁgÀÄ ¥ÀæzÉñÀ
C. D¼À¸ÁUÀgÀzÀ ªÉÄÊzÁ£À D. ¸ÁUÀgÀ vÀUÀÄÎ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

18. ¸ÁUÀgÀ ¥Àæ¥ÁvÀPÉÌ GvÀÛªÀÄ GzÁºÀgÀuÉ,

A. mÉÆAUÀ B. ¸ÀÆAiÉÄeï
C. eÁªÀ D. ¥À£ÁªÀÄ

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

19. ªÁAiÀÄÄ ªÀiÁ°£ÀåzÀ ¥ÀjuÁªÀĪÉAzÀgÉ,

A. ¥ÀæªÁºÀ B. NgÉhÆãï QëÃtvÉ
C. ¨sÀÆPÀĹvÀ D. d®ZÀgÀUÀ¼À £Á±À

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

20. ZÀgÀAr ¤Ãj£À ¸ÀA¸ÀÌgÀuÉ F PɼÀV£À AiÀiÁªÀ CA±ÀªÀ£ÀÄß ¥Àæw¤¢ü¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ

A. ªÁAiÀÄÄ ªÀiÁ°£Àå ¤AiÀÄAvÀæt
B. ±À§Ý ªÀiÁ°£Àå ¤AiÀÄAvÀæt
C. «QgÀt ªÀiÁ°£Àå ¤AiÀÄAvÀæt
D. d® ªÀiÁ°£Àå ¤AiÀÄAvÀæt

GvÀÛgÀ: ____________________

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II. 21 jAzÀ 28 gÀªÀgÉV£À ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ ¤UÀ¢¥Àr¹gÀĪÀ ¸ÀܼÀzÀ°è GvÀÛj¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.
21. PÀ½AUÀ AiÀÄÄzÀÞzÀ ¥ÀjuÁªÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¹. 2 CAPÀ

CxÀªÁ

PÀ¤µÀÌ£À zsÁ«ÄðPÀ ¸ÁzsÀ£ÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¹.

22. PÉʯÁ¸À£ÁxÀ zÉêÁ®AiÀÄ (J¯ÉÆèÃgÁ) ªÀ£ÀÄß PÀÄjvÀÄ §gɬÄj. 2 CAPÀ

CxÀªÁ

PÉgÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß £ÁªÀÅ ¸ÀAgÀQë¸À¨ÉÃPÀÄ. KPÉ?

9
23. ``ZÉÆüÀgÀÄ GvÀÛªÀĪÁzÀ UÁæªÀiÁqÀ½vÀ ªÀåªÀ¸ÉÜAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ºÉÆA¢zÀÝgÀÄ''. - F ºÉýPÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß
¸ÀªÀÄyð¹. 2 CAPÀ

CxÀªÁ

``£ÁªÀÅ LwºÁ¹PÀ ¸ÁägÀPÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀAgÀQë¸À¨ÉÃPÀÄ''. - F ºÉýPÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¸ÀªÀÄyð¹.

24. £ÀUÀgÀ ¥Á°PÉUÀ½AzÀ zÉÆgÉAiÀÄĪÀ ¸Ë®¨sÀåUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀnÖ ªÀiÁr. 2 CAPÀ

CxÀªÁ

UÁæªÀÄ ¥ÀAZÁ¬Äw¬ÄAzÀ zÉÆgÉAiÀÄĪÀ ¸Ë®¨sÀåUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀnÖ ªÀiÁr.

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25. ¥Àj¸ÀgÀ ªÀiÁ°£ÀåzÀ «zsÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¹. 2 CAPÀ

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a) avÀæzÀ°ègÀĪÀ d®¥ÁvÀªÀ£ÀÄß ºÉ¸Àj¹.

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