ICSE Class 10 Question Paper 2026 Commercial Studies

ICSE | Class 10

Commercial
Studies
Question Paper 2026

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)

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COMMERCIAL STUDIES

Maximum Marks: 80

Time allowed: Two hours

1. Answers to this Paper must be written on the paper provided separately.

2. You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.

3. This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.

4. The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.

5. Attempt all questions from Section A and any four questions from Section B.

6. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].

Instruction for the Supervising Examiner

Kindly read aloud the Instructions given above to all the candidates present in the
Examination Hall.

This paper consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.
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SECTION A (40 Marks)
(Attempt all questions from this Section.)

Question 1
Choose the correct answer to the questions from the given options. [16]
(Do not copy the questions, write the correct answers only.)

(i) Choose the correct option with regard to Products and Services:

(a) Products are intangible, whereas Services are tangible.

(b) Products are not transferable, whereas Services are transferable.

(c) Products cannot be stored, whereas Services can be stored.

(d) Products are durable, whereas Services are perishable.

(ii) ₹ 600 spent on repairing a machine in a firm is treated as:

(a) Capital receipt

(b) Revenue expenditure

(c) Capital expenditure

(d) Deferred revenue expenditure

(iii) The image given below indicates which form of Sales Promotion?

(a) Free sample

(b) Premium

(c) Coupon

(d) Trading stamp

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(iv) Assertion (A): Commercial Banks are required to keep a certain proportion
of their deposits as cash reserves with the Central Bank.

Reason (R): Cash reserves enable the Central Bank to exercise control
over credit by Commercial Banks.

(a) (A) is true and (R) is false.

(b) (A) is false and (R) is true.

(c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(d) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(v) While Gina was in Delhi for an official meeting, her mother is rushed to the
hospital for a medical emergency in Goa. Gina needs to reach her mother
quickly.
Which means of transport will she use?

(a) Road transport

(b) Rail transport

(c) Water transport

(d) Air transport

(vi) A cosmetic product may cause allergy to sensitive skin. This information is
not disclosed on the packaging by the producer.
Which Act would deal with this issue?

(a) Environment Protection Act

(b) Prevention and Control of Pollution Act

(c) Consumer Protection Act

(d) Banking Regulations Act

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(vii) An employee does not contribute to Gratuity.

(a) True

(b) False

(viii) Assertion (A): The holders of equity shares are the main risk bearers in a
company.

Reason (R): The equity shareholders have no voting rights in the
company.

(a) (A) is true and (R) is false.

(b) (A) is false and (R) is true.

(c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(d) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(ix) The ERP module which helps to manage employee information, track
employee records like performance reviews, job descriptions and attendance
is __________.

(a) Purchase Module

(b) Inventory Module

(c) Finance and Accounting Module

(d) Human Resource (HR) Module

(x) Which of the following is NOT a contract of Indemnity?

(a) Health Insurance

(b) Life Insurance

(c) Fire Insurance

(d) Marine Insurance

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(xi) Raju has been selected as a plumber in a construction company. Name the
type of training he must undergo.

(a) Apprenticeship training

(b) Job rotation

(c) Classroom training

(d) Vestibule training

(xii) Budgets are very useful in management.
Identify which of the following will be true in this context.

I: The purpose of the budget is to set the target and allocate the resources.

II: Budgets do not allow delegation of authority.

III: Budgets help to shift responsibility on others.

IV: Budgets bring efficiency and economy to a business firm.

(a) II and III

(b) I and IV

(c) I and III

(d) II and IV

(xiii) Which organisation in India is responsible for controlling all forms of
pollution?

(a) Water Pollution Control Board

(b) Air Pollution Control Board

(c) State Pollution Control Board

(d) Central Pollution Control Board

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(xiv) Net profit or Net loss is transferred from:

(a) Trial Balance to Trading Account

(b) Trading Account to Profit and Loss Account

(c) Profit and Loss Account to Balance Sheet

(d) Trading Account to Balance Sheet

(xv) Which of the following stakeholders provide loans to the commercial
organisations?

(a) Suppliers

(b) Creditors

(c) Government

(d) Employees

(xvi) Cost of raw materials is a:

(a) Variable direct cost

(b) Variable indirect cost

(c) Fixed direct cost

(d) Fixed indirect cost

Question 2
Write any two differences between:
(i) Advertising and Publicity [2]

(ii) Budget and Forecast [2]

(iii) Shares and Debentures [2]

(iv) Capital Receipts and Revenue Receipts [2]

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Question 3

(i) Give two differences between On-the-job training and Off-the-job training. [2]

(ii) When the balance of payments is unfavourable, the foreign exchange [2]
resources are reduced.

(a) In this situation, what advise does the Central Bank give to the
Government?

(b) Which function of the Central Bank is depicted in (a) above?

(iii) Briefly explain any two features of the Environment Protection Act. [2]

(iv) Discuss any two objectives of Marketing. [2]

Question 4

(i) What do you mean by Fixed Cost? Give two examples. [2]

(ii) Infosys recruited a few candidates from IIT, Kanpur in the year 2025. [2]

(a) Identify the source of external recruitment from the above statement.

(b) State one advantage of the same.

(iii) What is a Trading Account? [2]

(iv) Briefly explain Public Warehouse. [2]

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SECTION B (40 Marks)
(Attempt any four questions from this Section.)

Question 5

(i) Observe the image and answer the following questions: [5]

(a) Identify the fraud depicted in the picture.

(b) Explain any two financial fraudulent practices.

(ii) “This is a market where equity and debt are marketed in the form of shares, [5]
stocks and long-term securities.”

(a) Identify the market.

(b) Explain any four functions of this market.

Question 6

(i) A computer software that manages all the resources of the organisation. [5]

(a) Name the software.

(b) Explain the following modules:

1. CRM Module

2. Sales Module

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(ii) (a) Mrs. Basu had parked her car in her regular parking spot at the office. [5]
Another employee, Arjun, accidentally crashed into Mrs. Basu’s car
while reversing his car. This entailed expenses of ₹ 60,000 which she
received from the insurance company for damages and repairs.
Mrs. Basu later also recovered ₹ 30,000 from Arjun.

1. State the Principle of Insurance.

2. Discuss if Mrs. Basu’s course of action is justifiable. Give reasons
for your answer.

(b) Write a short note on Preference Shares.

Question 7

(i) Mrs. Pandit purchased a packet of chilli powder from a local grocery store. [5]
After using it, she noticed that the colour of the food had changed drastically.

(a) Identify and explain the type of consumer exploitation.

(b) Suggest any one action Mrs. Pandit can take to protect herself from such
exploitation.

(c) Explain the Right to be Informed under the Consumer Protection Act,
2019.

(ii) These are relationships between the management and employees that grow [5]
out of employment.

(a) Which term is being referred to in the above statement?

(b) State four objectives of such relations.

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Question 8

(i) Rahul, an entrepreneur, feels that his business is wasting a lot of money on [5]
advertising every year. Aman, his partner, does not agree and feels that
advertising is very important in today’s world.

(a) Whom do you agree with, Rahul or Aman?

(b) Giving four points, justify your viewpoint.

(ii) (a) Identify the stakeholders who invest in the capital and assume greater [5]
risk or loss of capital in the enterprise.

(b) Give four expectations the above stakeholders may have from the
commercial organisation.

Question 9

(i) Write short notes on: [5]

(a) Provident Fund

(b) Transfers, as a type of Internal Recruitment

(ii) Explain three merits and two demerits of Rail transport. [5]

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Question 10
[10]
Given below is the Trial Balance of XYZ & Co. Ltd as on 31st March, 2025.
Prepare a Trading and a Profit and Loss account for the year ending 31st March, 2025.
Also prepare a Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2025.

Trial Balance of XYZ & Co. Ltd.
as on 31st March, 2025
Dr. Cr.

Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
(₹) (₹)

Opening stock 15,000 Overdraft 43,200

Purchases 66,000 Purchase return 3,000

Carriage outwards 1,800 Sundry creditors 30,000

Bad debts 1,800 Sales 1,15,000

Sales return 6,000 Capital 80,000

Drawings 4,000 Commission received 900

Trade expenses 3,600

Salaries 18,000

Discount 1,200

Rent 12,000

Furniture 18,000

Plant and Machinery 1,08,000

Debtors 16,700

Total 2,72,100 Total 2,72,100

Closing stock was valued at ₹ 25,000.

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