HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024 Biology

Haryana Board
Syllabus
2023-24

Board of School Education, Haryana

Syllabus and Chapter wise division of Marks (2023-24)

Class-XII Subject- Biology Code: 865

General Instructions:
1. There will be an Annual Examination based on the entire
syllabus.
2. The annual examination (Theory) will be of 70 Marks whereas
Practical examinations will be of 30 marks (15 marks each for
external and internal examination). Therefore, Total annual
evaluation (70+30) will be of 100 marks.

PRACTICALS
Total Time: 3 Hours Total marks: 30
Evaluation Scheme Marks
Marks allocated for Internal Examination 15
1. Student Assessment Test 10
Weightage of marks (04 marks of SAT, 02 marks of half
yearly test, 02 marks for preboard test, 02 marks for
attendance and classroom participation)
2. Practical file/ Record 03
3. Project Record 02

Marks allocated for External Examination 15
Experiments (two) 09
(4.5 marks
for each
experiment)
Activity (One from Syllabus) 03
Viva Voce (Based on Experiments and Activity) 03
Total marks 30

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Course Structure (2023-24)

Class-XII Subject- Biology Code: 865

Sr. No. Unit Chapter Marks
VI Reproduction Sexual Reproduction in 16
Flowering Plants
Human Reproduction
Reproductive Health
VII Genetics and Evolution Principles of Inheritance and 20
Variation
Molecular Basis of
Inheritance
Evolution
VII Biology and Human Welfare Human Health and Diseases 12
Microbes in Human Welfare
XI Biotechnology Biotechnology: Principles 12
and Processes
Biotechnology and its
Applications
X Ecology Organisms and Populations 10
Ecosystem
Biodiversity and
Conservation
Total 70

Practical 30

Grand Total 100

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Unit VI: Reproduction

Chapter 1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants:

Flower- A Fascinating organ of Angiosperms, Pre-fertilization:
structure and events: Stamen, microsporangium, and Pollen grain, The
Pistil, Megasporangium and Embryo sac, Pollination, Double
fertilization; post fertilisation: structure and events, Endosperm,
Embryo, Seed, Apomixis and Polyembryony.

Chapter 2: Human Reproduction

Male Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System,
Gametogenesis Menstrual Cycle, Fertilization and Implantation,
Pregnancy and Embryonic Development, Parturition and Lactation

Chapter 3: Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health: Problems and Strategies, Population
Stabilisation and Birth Control, Medical termination of Pregnancy;
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Infertility.

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution

Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and variation

Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Inheritance of One Gene, Law of
Dominance, Law of Segregation, Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance,
Inheritance Of Two Genes, Law of Independent Assortment,
Chromosomal theory of Inheritance, Linkage and Recombination,
Polygenic Inheritance, Pleiotropy, Sex Determination: Sex
determination in Human, Honey bee, Mutation, Genetic Disorders:
Pedigree Analysis, Mendelian Disorders, Chromosomal Disorders.

Chapter 5: Molecular basis of Inheritance
THE DNA: Structure of Polynucleotide chain, Packaging of DNA
Helix, The Search For Genetic Material, The Genetic Material is DNA,

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Properties of Genetic Material (DNA versus RNA), RNA World,
Replication, The experimental proof, The Machinery and the Enzymes,
Transcription: Transcription Unit, Transcription Unit and the Gene, Types
of RNA and the Process of Transcription, Genetic Code: Mutations and
Genetic Code, t-RNA-the adapter Molecule, Translation, Regulation of
Gene Expression, the Lac Operon, Human Genome Project, Salient
features of Human Genome, Applications and Future Challenges, DNA
Fingerprinting.

Chapter 6: Evolution

Origin Of Life, Evolution of Life Forms-A Theory, What are the
evidences for Evolution? What is Adaptive radiation? Biological
Evolution, Mechanism of Evolution, Hardy-Weinberg Principle, A Brief
Account of Evolution, Origin and Evolution of Man.

UNIT VIII: BIOLOGY IN HUMAN WELFARE

Chapter 7: Human Health and Disease

Common Diseases in Humans, Immunity, Innate Immunity,
Acquired Immunity, Active and passive Immunity, Vaccination and
Immunisation, Allergies, Autoimmunity, Immune System in the Body,
AIDS, Cancer, Drugs and Alcohol Abuse, Adolescence and
Drug/Alcohol Abuse, Addiction and Dependence, Effects of Drug/Alcohol
Abuse, Prevention and Control.

Chapter 8: Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in Household Products, Microbes in Industrial
Products, Fermented Beverages, Antibiotics, Chemicals, Enzymes and
other Bioactive Molecules, Microbes in Sewage treatment, Microbes in
Production of Biogas, Microbes as Biocontrol Agents, Microbes as
Biofertilizers.

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Unit IX: Biotechnology

Chapter 9: Biotechnology-Principles and Processes

Principles of Biotechnology, Tools of Recombinant DNA
Technology, Restriction Enzymes, Cloning Vectors, Competent Host (For
Transformation with Recombinant DNA), Processes of Recombinant
DNA Technology, Isolation of Genetic Material (DNA), Cutting of DNA
at Specific Locations, Amplification of Gene of Interest using PCR,
Insertion of Recombinant DNA into Host cell/Organism, Obtaining the
foreign Gene product, Downstream Processing.

Chapter 10: Biotechnology and It’s Applications

Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture, Biotechnological
Applications in Medicine, Genetically Engineered Insulin, Gene therapy,
Molecular Diagnosis, Transgenic animals, Ethical Issues.

Unit X: Ecology

Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations

Populations, Population Attributes, Population Growth, Life
History Variation, Population Interactions.

Chapter 12: Ecosystem:

Ecosystem-Structure and function, Productivity, Decomposition,
Energy Flow, Ecological Pyramids.

Chapter 13: Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity, how many species are there on earth and how many in
India? Patterns of Biodiversity, The Importance of Species Diversity to the
Ecosystem, Loss of Biodiversity, Biodiversity Conservation- Why should
we conserve Biodiversity? How do we conserve Biodiversity?

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Practicals:
A. List of Experiments
1.Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.
2.Study the plant population density by quadrat method.
3.Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method.
4.Prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis.
5.Isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds,
papaya, etc.
B. Study and observer the following (Spotting):
1. Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).
2. Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or scanning electron
micrograph.
3. Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of
ovary through permanent slides (from grasshopper/mice).
4. Meiosis in onion bud cell or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.
5. T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).
6. Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/sizes of any plant.
7. Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of
tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow's peak and colour blindness.
8. Controlled pollination - emasculation, tagging and bagging.
9. Common disease causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium,
any fungus causing ringworm through permanent slides, models or virtual images
or specimens. Comment on symptoms of diseases that they cause.
10.Models specimen showing symbolic association in root modules of
leguminous plants, Cuscuta on host, lichens.
11.Flash cards models showing examples of homologous and analogous organs.

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Month wise Syllabus Teaching Plan (2023-24)

Class-XII Subject- Biology Code: 865

Month Chapter No./ Subject Teaching Revision Teaching
content Periods Periods Periods
(for (for
theory) Practical)
April Chapter-1: Sexual
Reproduction in Flowering 12 03 08
Plants
Chapter-2: Human
Reproduction
07
May Chapter-3: Reproductive
Health 11 02 06
June Summer Vacations: Investigatory Project in Biology
July Chapter-4: Principles of
Inheritance and Variation 12 04 12
Chapter-5: Molecular Basis
of Inheritance
13
August Chapter-6: Evolution
Chapter-7: Human health 10 04 12
and Diseases
08

September Chapter-8: Microbes in
Human Welfare 08 10 05

Half yearly examination
October Chapter-9: Biotechnology:
Principles and processes 13 04 12
Chapter-10: Biotechnology
and its Applications
10

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November Chapter-10: Biotechnology
and its Applications
(Remaining content)
Chapter-11: Organisms and
Populations 11 02 06
December Chapter-12: Ecosystem 12 03 05

January Chapter-13: Biodiversity 08 03 05
and Conservation
February Revision
March Annual Examination

Month wise Practical Syllabus

Note: In the following, month wise scheme letter ‘A’ and ‘B’ represent Part A
(Experiments) and Part B (Spotting) respectively.

April:
A1: Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination.
B1: Flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds).
B2: Pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or scanning electron
micrograph.

May
B3: Identification of stages of gamete development, i.e., T.S. of testis and T.S. of
ovary through permanent slides (from grasshopper/mice).
B4: Meiosis in onion bud cell or grasshopper testis through permanent slides.
B5: T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian).

June
Investigatory Project

July
B6: Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colour/sizes of any plant.

8

B7: Prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of
tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow's peak and colour blindness.

August
B9: Common disease causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium,
any fungus causing ringworm through permanent slides, models or virtual images
or specimens. Comment on symptoms of diseases that they cause.
B11: Flash cards models showing examples of homologous and analogous
organs.

September
B10: Models specimen showing symbolic association in root modules of
leguminous plants, Cuscuta on host, lichens.

October
A5: Isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds,
papaya, etc.

November
A2: Study the plant population density by quadrat method.
A3: Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method.

December
A4: Prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis

Note:
 Subject teachers are advised to direct the students to prepare notebook
of the Terminology/Definitional Words used in the chapters for
enhancement of vocabulary or clarity of the concept.
 The NCERT textbooks present information in boxes across the book.
These help students to get conceptual clarity. However, the
information in these boxes would not be assessed in the year-end
examination.
Prescribed Books:
1. Biology Class-XII, Published by BSEH © NCERT

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QUESTION PAPER DESIGN (2023-24)

Class: 12th Subject: Biology Code: 865
Type of Marks Number of Description Total Marks
Question Ques.

1 mark 18 14 Multiple 18
Objective each Choice
Questions Questions,
4 Assertion-
Reason
Questions
Very Short 2 marks each 7 Internal choice 14
Answer Type will be given
Question in any 2
questions
Short Answer 3 marks each 5 Internal choice 15
Type Question will be given
in any 2
questions
Case Study 4 marks each 2 Internal choice 8
will be given
only in one
part of both
questions
Long Answer 5 marks each 3 Internal choice 15
Type Question will be given
in all the
questions
Total 35 70

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