HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024 Biotechnology

Haryana Board
Syllabus
2023-24

BOARD OF SCHOOL EDUCATION HARYANA
Syllabus and Chapter wise division of Marks (2023-24)
Class- XII Subject: Biotechnology Code: 871
General Instructions:
1. There will be an Annual Examination based on the entire syllabus.
2. The Annual Examination will be of 60 marks, Practical Examination will be
of 20 marks and 20 marks weightage shall be for Internal Assessment.
3. For Practical Examination:
i) Two experiments of 6 marks each.
ii) One activity of 3 marks.
iii) Practical record of 2 marks.
iv) Viva-voce of 3 marks.
4. For Internal Assessment:
There will be Periodic Assessment that would include:
i) For 4 marks- Two SAT exams will be conducted and will have a
weightage of 04 marks towards the final Internal Assessment.
ii) For 2 marks- One half yearly exam will be conducted and will
have a weightage of 02 marks towards the final Internal
Assessment.
iii) For 2 marks- One Pre-Board exam will be conducted and will
have a weightage of 02 marks towards the final Internal
Assessment.
iv) For 2 marks- Subject teacher will assess and give maximum 02
marks for CRP (Classroom participation).
v) For 5 marks- A project work to be done by students and will have
a weightage of 05 marks towards the final Internal Assessment.
vi) For 5 marks- Attendance of student will be awarded 05 marks as:
75% to 80% - 01 marks
Above 80% to 85% - 02 marks
Above 85% to 90% - 03 marks
Above 90% to 95% - 04 marks
Above 95% to 100% - 05 marks

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Course Structure (2023-24)
Class- XII Subject: Biotechnology Code: 871

Sr. No. Unit Chapter Marks

Recombinant DNA Technology

1
Protein and Gene
Protein Structure and Engineering
Manipulation 30

Genomics and Bioinformatics

Cell Structure and Genetic Microbial Cell Culture and its
Manipulation Application
2
Plant Cell Culture and Application
30

Animal Cell Culture and
Application
Total 60

Practical Examination 20

Internal Assessment 20

Grand Total 100

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Unit V: PROTEIN AND GENE MANIPULATION
Chapter 1: Recombinant DNA Technology
Introduction; Tools of rDNA Technology: Restriction
enzymes, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP),
Other enzymes used in cloning, Vectors: Plasmids, vector based
on bacteriophages, cosmids, YAC vectors, BAC vectors, Animal
and plant viral vectors, Host cells; Marking rDNA;
Introduction of rDNA to Host Cells: Transformation,
Transfection, Electroporation, Microinjection, Biolistics;
Identification of Recombinants; Polymerase Chain Reaction
(PCR); Hybridisation Techniques: Southern Hybridisation
Technique; DNA Library: DNA Sequencing:
Dideoxynucleotide chain termination method; Site-directed
Mutagenesis

Unit V: PROTEIN AND GENE MANIPULATION
Chapter 2: Protein Structure and Engineering
Introduction to the World of Proteins; 3-D Shape of Proteins:
Non-covalent bonds: ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, Van der
Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions; Structure-Function
relationship in Proteins: Chymotrypsin - a proteolytic enzyme,
Molecular Disease- Sickle cell anaemia, Protein Finger printing-
Peptide Mapping, 2-D Gel Electrophoresis; Purification of
Proteins: Calculation of amount of bacterial ferment required,
Downstream Processing, Aqueous two-phase partition, Industrial
scale production of proteins, Special techniques for therapeutic
/diagnostic proteins; Characterisation of Proteins: Mass
spectrometry; Protein Based Products: Blood products and
vaccines, Therapeutic antibodies and enzymes, Therapeutic
hormones and growth factors, Regulatory factors, Analytical
applications, Industrial enzymes, Functional non-catalytic
proteins, Nutraceutical Proteins; Designing Proteins (Protein
Engineering): Improving laundry detergent Subtilisin, Creation
of Novel Proteins, Improving nutritional value of cereals and
legumes.

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Unit V: PROTEIN AND GENE MANIPULATION
Chapter 3: Genomics and Bioinformatics
Introduction: Progress in stages, Evolving approaches,
Structural genomics, Functional genomics; Genome
Sequencing Projects: Directed sequencing of Bacterial
Artificial Chromosome (BAC) contigs, Random shotgun
sequencing; Gene prediction and counting; Genome
Similarity, SNPs and Comparative Genomics; Functional
Genomics: Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Microarray
Technology: principle, procedure, interpretation; Proteomics:
Types of Proteomics: Expression proteomics, Structural
proteomics, Functional proteomics, Genes and Proteins: Number
of genes vs Number of proteins; History of Bioinformatics;
Sequences and nomenclature: DNA and protein sequences, The
concept of directionality, Different types of sequences;
Information Sources: Major databases: NCBI, Database
retrieval tools, BLAST family of search tools, Resources for gene
level sequences, Analysis using Bioinformatics tools.
Unit VI: CELL CULTURE AND GENETIC MANIPULATION
Chapter 1: Microbial Cell Culture and Its Applications
Introduction; Microbial culture techniques: Nutrients for microbial
culture, Culture Procedures, Equipment for microbial culture, Types of
microbial culture: Batch culture, Fed-batch culture, continuous culture;
Measurement and kinetics of microbial growth: Measurement of
microbial growth, Growth kinetics and specific growth rate; Scale-up of
microbial processes; Isolation of microbial products; Strain isolation,
improvement and preservation: Strain isolation, Strain improvement:
Mutation Selection, Genetic Engineering Techniques, Metagenomics,
Strain preservation, Culture Collections Centers; Applications of
microbial culture technology; Biosafety issues in Microbial
Technology.
Unit VI: CELL CULTURE AND GENETIC MANIPULATION
Chapter 2: Plant Cell Culture and Applications
Introduction; Cell and Tissue Culture Techniques: Basic
Technique, Nutrient Media, Types of cultures: organ culture,

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explant culture, callus culture, cell suspension culture, mass cell
culture, protoplast culture, protoplast fusion, Plant Regeneration
pathways; Applications of Cell and Tissue Culture:
Micropropagation, Virus-free plants, Artificial seeds, Embryo
rescue, Haploids and triploids, Somatic hybrids and cybrids,
Production of secondary metabolites, Somaclonal variation, In
vitro plant germplasm conservation; Gene transfer methods in
plants: Vector-mediated or indirect gene transfer, Vectorless or
direct gene transfer, Transgene analysis; Transgenic plants with
beneficial traits: Stress tolerance, Biotic stress tolerance:
Herbicide tolerance, Pest resistance, Disease resistance, Virus
resistance, Fungi and bacteria, Abiotic stress tolerance: Delayed
fruit ripening, Male sterility, Transgenic plants as bioreactors,
Nutrient quality, Diagnostic and therapeutic proteins, Edible
vaccines, Biodegradable plastics, Metabolic engineering and
secondary products, Other applications; Biosafety in Plant
Genetic Engineering.
Unit VI: CELL CULTURE AND GENETIC MANIPULATION
Chapter 3: Animal Cell Culture and Applications
Introduction; Animal Cell Culture Techniques: Features of
animal cell growth in culture, Primary Cell Cultures, Secondary
Cell Cultures and Cell Lines, Types of Cell Lines: Finite Cell
Lines, Continuous Cell Lines, Physical environment for culturing
Animal Cells: temperature, pH, osmolality, Medium, serum and
antibiotics, vessels and equipments required for animal cell
culture, tissue culture hood, CO2 incubator, centrifuge, inverted
microscope; Characterization of Cell Lines: storage and
revival of cells; Methods of Gene Delivery into Cells; Scale-up
of Animal Culture Process; Applications of Animal Cell
culture: Erythropoietin, Factor VIII, Factor IX, Tissue
Plasminogen Activator (tPA), Hybridoma Technology for
Monoclonal Antibody Production, Therapeutic mAb - OKT3,
Therapeutic mAb – Herceptin; Stem Cell Technology: ES Cell
culture and its applications; Tissue engineering.
Practicals:
1. Use of special equipment in biotechnology experiments
2. Isolation of bacterial plasmid DNA

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3. Detection of DNA by gel electrophoresis
4. Estimation of DNA by UV spectroscopy
5. Isolation of bacteria from curd & staining of bacteria
6. Cell viability assay using Evan’s blue dye exclusion method
7. Data retrieval and database search using internet site NCBI and
download a DNA and protein sequence from internet, analyse it and
comment on it
8. Reading of a DNA sequencing gel to arrive at the sequence

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Monthwise Syllabus Teaching Plan (2023-24)
Class- XII Subject: Biotechnology Code: 871

Month Subject- content Teaching Revision Practical
Periods Periods Work
April Unit V 22 2
Chapter 1: Recombinant
DNA Technology

Practical: Use of special
equipment in
biotechnology 6
experiments

Practical: Isolation of 2
bacterial plasmid DNA

Practical: Detection of
DNA by gel 2
electrophoresis

Practical: Estimation of 2
DNA by UV spectroscopy
May Unit V 22 2
Chapter 2: Protein
Structure and Engineering

Practical: Isolation of
bacteria from curd & 2
staining of bacteria
June
Summer Vacation (Any Project work should be given related to
above chapters)
July Unit V 18 2
Chapter 3: Genomics,
Proteomics and

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Bioinformatics
(Introduction, Genome
Sequencing Projects,
Gene prediction and
counting)

Practical: Cell viability
assay using Evan’s blue 4
dye exclusion method

August Unit V 20 4
Chapter 3: Genomics,
Proteomics and
Bioinformatics
(Genome Similarity,
SNPs and Comparative
Genomics, Functional
Genomics, Proteomics,
History of Bioinformatics;
Sequences and
nomenclature,
Information Sources)

Practical: Data retrieval
and database search using
internet site NCBI and
download a DNA and 6
protein sequence from
internet, analyse it and
comment on it.

Practical: Reading of a
DNA sequencing gel to 4
arrive at the sequence.
September Revision for Half-Yearly 16
Exam

Half-Yearly Exam

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October Unit VI 20 4
Chapter 1: Microbial Cell
Culture and its
Applications.
November
Unit VI
Chapter 2: Plant Cell 22 2
Culture and Applications.
December Unit VI 22 2
Chapter 3: Animal Cell
Culture and Applications.

January
Revision 16
February Revision 24

March Annual Examination

Note:
 Subject teachers are advised to direct the students to prepare notebook
of the Terminology/Definitional Words used in the chapters for
enhancement of vocabulary or clarity of the concept.
Prescribed Books:
1. Biotechnology - Text book for Class XII, CBSE Publication
2. Laboratory Manual-Biotechnology-Class XII, CBSE Publication

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Question Paper Design (2023-24)
Class- XII Subject: Biotechnology Code: 871

Type of Marks Number Description Total
Question Marks
Objective 1 15 6 Multiple Choice 15
Questions Questions,
3 Fill in the Blanks
Questions,
3 One Word Answer Type
Questions, 3 Assertion-
Reason Questions
Very Short 2 6 Internal choice will be given 12
Answer Type in any 2 questions
Question
Short Answer 3 6 Internal choice will be given 18
Type in any 2 questions
Question
Essay 5 3 Internal options will be given 15
Answer Type in all the questions
Question
Total 30 60

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