CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2023 Sociology (Solved)

Qu e st i o n

P a p e r
2023

Series HEFG Set-4
àíZ-nÌ H$moS>
Q.P. Code 62
amob Z§.
Roll No.

g_mOemñÌ
SOCIOLOGY
:3 : 80
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80

H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _o§ _w{ÐV n¥ð> 15 h¢ &
àíZ-nÌ _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE àíZ-nÌ H$moS H$mo narjmWu CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$
_wI-n¥>ð> na {bI| &
H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _| >38 àíZ h¢ &
H¥$n`m àíZ H$m CÎma {bIZm ewê$ H$aZo go nhbo, CÎma-nwpñVH$m _| àíZ H$m H«$_m§H$
Adí` {bI| &
Bg àíZ-nÌ H$mo n 15 {_ZQ >H$m g_` {X`m J`m h¡ & àíZ-nÌ H$m {dVaU
10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>mÌ Ho$db
àíZ- -nwpñVH$m na H$moB© CÎma Zht {bI|Jo &
Please check that this question paper contains 15 printed pages.
Q.P. Code given on the right hand side of the question paper should be
written on the title page of the answer-book by the candidate.
Please check that this question paper contains 38 questions.
Please write down the serial number of the question in the
answer-book before attempting it.
15 minute time has been allotted to read this question paper. The
question paper will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to
10.30 a.m., the students will read the question paper only and will not
write any answer on the answer-book during this period.
*
62 Page 1 of 15 P.T.O.

:
:
(i)
(ii) 38
(iii) 1 20 1

(iv) 21 29
2 30
(v) 30 35 4
80
(vi) 36 38 6
200
38

IÊS> H$
1 20 1 20 1=20
1. OZg§»`m Ho$ nam{lV Am¡a H$m`©erb {hñgm| H$s VwbZo Ho$ {bE CZH$mo _mnZo H$m gmYZ h¡ :
(a) OZg§»`m H$s Am`w g§aMZm
(b) ñÌr-nwéf AZwnmV
(c) nam{lVVm AZwnmV
(d) OZg§»`m g§d¥{Õ Xa
2. Om{V g_yh gOmVr` hmoVo h¢, AWm©V² {ddmh g_yh Ho$ gXñ`m| _| hr hmo
(A) :
gH$Vo h¢ &
(R) : Om{V H$s gXñ`Vm Ho$ gmW {ddmh g§~§Yr H$R>moa {Z`_ em{_b hmoVo h¢ &
(a) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ VWm H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(b) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, bo{H$Z H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(c) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(d) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &
62 Page 2 of 15

General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) The question paper is divided into four sections Section A, B, C and D.
(ii) There are 38 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(iii) Section A includes questions no. 1 20. These are Objective Type Questions,
carrying 1 mark each.
(iv) Section B includes questions no. 21 29. These are Very Short Answer type
questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed
30 words.
(v) Section C includes questions no. 30 35. These are Short Answer type
questions, carrying 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed
80 words.
(vi) Section D includes questions no. 36 38. They are Long Answer type
questions, carrying 6 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed
200 words each. Question no. 38 is to be answered with the help of the passage
given.

Section A
Questions no. 1 to 20 are Objective Type Questions, carrying 1 mark each. 20 1=20
1. The measure of comparing the portion of a population which is composed
of dependents with the portion that is the working population is :
(a) Age structure of the population
(b) Sex ratio
(c) Dependency ratio
(d) Growth rate of population

2. Assertion (A) : Caste groups are endogamous, i.e. marriage is restricted
to members of the group.
Reason (R) : Membership in a caste involves strict rules about
marriage.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

62 Page 3 of 15 P.T.O.

3. àË`oH$ g_mO _| Hw$N> bmoJm| Ho$ nmg YZ, g§nXm, {ejm, ñdmñÏ` Ed§ e{º$ O¡go _yë`dmZ
g§gmYZm| `h gm_m{OH$ g§gmYZ ny±Or Ho$
VrZ ê$nm| _| {d^m{OV {H$E Om gH$Vo h¢ &
{ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm ny±Or H$m ê$n h¡ ?
(a) Am{W©H$ (b) gm§ñH¥${VH$
(c) gm_m{OH$ (d) e¡{jH$
4. Om{V`m| _| Amngr Cn-{d^mOZ ^r hmoVm h¡, AWm©V² Om{V`m| _| h_oem Cn-Om{V`m± hmoVr h¢
Am¡a H$^r-H$^r Cn-Om{V`m| _| ^r Cn-Cn-Om{V`m± hmoVr h¢ & Bgo _________ H$hVo h¢ &
(a) dJ© (b) {d^mOZ
(c) ZmVoXmar (d) I§S>mË_H$ {d^mOZ
5. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gr {deofVm a§J^oX H$s Zr{V H$m EH$ VÎd h¡ ?
(a) ^y{_ Ho$ ñdm{_Ëd go BZH$ma
(b) X{jU A\«$sH$s ZmJ[aH$Vm go BZH$ma
(c) {_{lV {ddmh H$s AZw_{V
(d) gaH$ma _| Am¡nMm[aH$ AmdmµO go BZH$ma
6. amîQ´> EH$ AZyR>o {H$ñ_ H$m g_wXm` hmoVm h¡ & amîQ´> go g§~§{YV H$WZ H$mo Mw{ZE &
(a) dU©Z H$aZm H${R>Z h¡
(b) n[a^m{fV H$aZm H${R>Z h¡
(c) gmPo Y_©, ^mfm, g§ñH¥${V na AmYm[aV h¢
(d) `h g_wXm`m| go {_bH$a ~Zm EH$ g_wXm` h¡
7. Ho$db EH$ AHo$br amîQ´>r` nhMmZ ~ZmE aIZm, {OgHo$ {bE gmd©O{ZH$ VWm amOZr{VH$
H$m`©joÌm| go Z¥OmVr`-amîQ´>r` Am¡a gm§ñH¥${VH$ {d{^ÞVmAm| H$mo Xÿa H$aZo H$m à`ËZ hmoVm h¡
`h _________ H$s Zr{V go g§~§{YV h¡ &
(a) EH$sH$aU (b) à^mdembr g_yh
(c) amÁ` (d) {d{dYVm
8. X{jU E{e`mB© Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ ZJa Ho$ EH$ àmê$n Ho$ {bE {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z -gm ghr
h¡ ?
(a) _Zmoa§OZ gw{dYmE± CnbãY Zht Wt
(b)
(c) X{jU E{e`mB© Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ eha Ho$ `yamonr` ZJam| _| ZmJ[aH$ gw{dYmE± CnbãY Wt
(d) A{dñVrU© ~§Jbo
62 Page 4 of 15

3. In every society, some people have a greater share of valued resources
money, property, education, health, and power than others. These
social resources can be divided into three forms of capital.
Which of the following is not a form of capital ?
(a) Economic (b) Cultural
(c) Social (d) Educational
4. Castes also involve sub-divisions within themselves, i.e. Castes
almost always have sub-castes and sometimes sub-castes may also have
sub-sub-castes. This is referred to as a _________.
(a) Class (b) Division
(c) Kinship (d) Segmental Division
5. Which of the following features is not an element of the policy of
Apartheid ?
(a) Denial of ownership of land
(b) Denial of South African citizenship
(c) Permission for mixed marriages
(d) Denial of formal voice in government
6. A nation is a peculiar sort of community. Choose the incorrect statement
about the nation.
(a) Hard to describe
(b) Hard to define
(c) Based on shared religion, language, culture
(d) It is a community of communities
7. To assert a single national identity by attempting to eliminate
ethno-national and cultural differences from the public and political
arena will be considered as a/an _________ policy.
(a) Assimilationist (b) Dominant group
(c) State (d) Diversity
8. Which of the following is true for a model of South Asian colonial city ?
(a) Recreational facilities were not available
(b) Unplanned streets
(c) Civic amenities were accessible in the European towns of the
South Asian colonial city
(d) Cramped bungalows
62 Page 5 of 15 P.T.O.

9. (A) : Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ H$mb Ho$ ZJarH$aU _| Xoe Ho$ CÚmoJm| _| g_¥{Õ XoIZo H$mo
{_br &
(R) : ZE Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ eham| H$m CX²^d Am¡a {dH$mg hþAm &
(a) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ VWm H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(b) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, bo{H$Z H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(c) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(d) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &
10. (A) : gaH$ma Zo H$mo`bo H$s ImZm| _| H$m`© H$s XemAm| H$mo ~ohVa H$aZo Ho$ {bE
~hþV go H$mZyZ ~Zm {XE h¢ &
(R) : H$B© R>oHo$Xma _µOXÿam| H$m a{OñQ>a R>rH$ go aIVo h¢,
AdñWm _| {H$gr ^r bm^ H$mo XoZo H$s {µOå_oXmar go Zht _wH$aVo &
(a) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ VWm H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(b) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, bo{H$Z H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(c) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(d) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &
11. h¡ ?
(a) {díd ì`mnma g§JR>Z _| µJ¡a-^mJrXmar
(b) _wº$ A§Vam©îQ´>r` ì`mnma
(c) Am`mV Ho$ {bE ^maVr` ~mµOmam| H$mo ImobZm
(d) d¡pídH$ ~mµOma go à{VñnYm©
12. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z- ?
(a) à{VñWmnZ ñVa VH$ nhþ±MZo _| A{YH$ g_` bJVm h¡ &
(b) à{VñWmnZ ñVa VH$ nhþ±MZo _| H$_ g_` bJVm h¡ &
(c) à{VñWmnZ ñVa H$mo à^m{dV Zht H$aVm &
(d) à{VñWmnZ ñVa na à^md {ZYm©[aV Zht {H$`m Om gH$Vm &
62 Page 6 of 15

9. Assertion (A) : Urbanization in the colonial period saw the prosperity of
indigenous industries.
Reason (R) : There was emergence of new colonial cities.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

10. Assertion (A) : The government has passed a number of laws to regulate
the working conditions in coal mines.
Reason (R) : Many contractors maintain proper register of workers and
take responsibility for accidents giving all possible
benefits.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

11. What is not true for globalisation and liberalisation in the rural
society ?
(a) Non-participation in WTO
(b) Free international trade
(c) Opening of Indian markets to imports
(d) Competition from the global market

12. Which of the following statements is true in the scenario of high fertility
rate ?
(a) It takes more time to reach the replacement level.
(b) It takes less time to reach the replacement level.
(c) It does not impact the replacement level.
(d) The impact on replacement level cannot be determined.

62 Page 7 of 15 P.T.O.

13. (A) : \¡$gbm hmoVm h¡ &
(R) : ì`dñWmnH$ A{V[aº$ _µOXÿam| H$mo ~wbmZo H$m à`mg H$aVo h¢ & H$m_Jmam| Ho$
{bE ^r {~Zm doVZ Ho$ ahZm _wpíH$b hmo OmVm h¡ &
(a) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ VWm H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(b) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, bo{H$Z H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(c) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(d) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &

14. Ohm± VH$ gH$mamË_H$ {d{eîQ>VmAm| H$m g§~§Y h¡, OZOm{V`m| H$mo CZHo$ ñWm`r VWm A{O©V
{deofH$m| Ho$ AZwgma {d^m{OV {H$`m J`m h¡ & {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm ñWm`r {deofH$
h¡ ?
(a) joÌ, ^mfm (b) emar[aH$ {d{eîQ>VmE±
(c) nm[apñW{VH$ Amdmg (d) Cn`w©º$ g^r

15. g§{dXm IoVr Ho$ g_mOemñÌr` _hÎd _| {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z em{_b h¡ ?
(a) ì`{º$`m| H$mo CËnmXZ à{H«$`m go AbJ H$a XoVr h¡ &
(b) AnZo Xoer` H¥${f kmZ H$mo {ZaW©H$ ~Zm XoVr h¡ &
(c) _yb ê$n go A{^OmV _Xm| H$m CËnmXZ H$aVr h¡ &
(d) n`m©daUr` Ñ{îQ> go {Q>H$mD$ (g§YmaUr`) hmoVr h¡ &
16. (A) : gm_m{OH$ Am§XmobZ {H$gr ~¥hX² CÔoí` H$s Amoa {ZX}{eV hmoVo h¢ &
(R) : Bg_| b§~m VWm {Za§Va gm_m{OH$ à`mg VWm bmoJm| H$s J{V{d{Y`m±
em{_b hmoVr h¢ &
(a) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ VWm H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(b) A{^H$WZ (A) VWm H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, bo{H$Z H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì`m»`m h¡ &
(c) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(d) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡, bo{H$Z H$maU (R) ghr h¡ &
62 Page 8 of 15

13. Assertion (A) : To call a strike is a difficult decision.

Reason (R) : Managers may try to use substitute labour. Workers also
find it hard to sustain themselves without wages.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

14. In terms of positive characteristics, tribes have been classified according
of the following is a
permanent trait ?
(a) Region, language (b) Physical characteristics
(c) Ecological habitat (d) All of the above

15. The sociological importance of contract farming does not include which of
the following ?
(a) It disengages people from the production process.
(b) Indigenous knowledge of agriculture becomes irrelevant.
(c) It caters primarily to the production of elite items.
(d) It is ecologically sustainable.

16. Assertion (A) : Social movements are directed towards some broad goals.
Reason (R) : It involves long and continuous social effort and action by
people.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
62 Page 9 of 15 P.T.O.

17. _________ gm_m{OH$ Am§XmobZ dV©_mZ gm_m{OH$ VWm amOZr{VH$ {dÝ`mg H$mo Yr_o
àJ{Verb MaUm| Ûmam ~XbZo H$m à`mg H$aVo h¢ &
(a) gwYmadmXr (b) à{VXmZmË_H$
(c) H«$m§{VH$mar (d) gmno{jH$ d§MZ

18. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go H$m¡Z-gm/H$m¡Z-go Om{V ì`dñWm Ho$ {bE ghr h¡/h¢ ?
I. A{YH«$_
II. A{O©V àpñW{V
III. I§S>mË_H$ {d^mOZ
(a) I AgË` h¡ (b) I, II gË` h¢
(c) I, III gË` h¢ (d) I, II, III gË` h¢

19. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go ?
(a) ^y{_ gwYmam| Ûmam {XE JE ^y{_ Ho$ A{YH$ma
(b) _Ü`dVu Om{V H$s nhMmZ
(c)
(d) Cn`w©º$ g^r
20. H$m¡Z-gm eãX {dXo{e`m|, Xmgm| Am¡a `wÕm| _| nam{OV bmoJm| na bmJy hmoVm h¡ ?
(a) n§M_ (b) ~«m÷U
(c) j{Ì` (d) Om{V

IÊS> I
21. ñdmV§Í`moÎma H$mb _| J«m_rU joÌm| _| gm_m{OH$ g§~§Ym| H$s àH¥${V _| AZoH$ à^mdembr
ê$nm§VaU hþE, ImgH$a CZ joÌm| _| Ohm± h[aV H«$m§{V hþB© & {H$Ýht Xmo ê$nm§VaUm| Ho$ Zm_
{b{IE & 1+1=2

22. CXmarH$aU Zo ^maV _| amoµOJma Ho$ à{V_mZm| H$mo {H$g àH$ma à^m{dV {H$`m h¡ ? {H$Ýht Xmo
1+1=2

62 Page 10 of 15

17. _________ social movements strive to change the existing social and
political arrangements through gradual incremental steps.
(a) Reformist (b) Redemptive
(c) Revolutionary (d) Relative deprivation

18. Which of the following is true for caste system ?
I. Hierarchy
II. Achieved status
III. Segmental division
(a) I is false (b) I, II are true
(c) I, III are true (d) I, II, III are true

19. Which of the following makes dominant caste dominant ?
(a) Land rights granted by land reforms
(b) Intermediate caste identity
(c) Large numbers converting to political power
(d) All of the above

20. Which term is applicable to foreigners, slaves and conquered people ?
(a) Panchama (b) Brahman
(c) Kshatriya (d) Jati

Section B

21. Several profound transformations in the nature of social relations in
rural areas took place in the post-independence period, especially in
those regions that underwent the Green Revolution. Name any two
transformations. 1+1=2

22. How has liberalization impacted the employment patterns in India ?
Mention any two ways. 1+1=2
62 Page 11 of 15 P.T.O.

23. (H$) gm_m{OH$ Am§XmobZ {damoY Ho$ {d{^Þ gmYZm| H$mo ^r {dH${gV H$aVo h¢ & {H$Ýht Xmo
{damoY Ho$ {^Þ gmYZm| Ho$ Zm_ {b{IE & 1+1=2
AWdm
(I) ñdV§ÌVm Ho$ g_`, h_| Xmo _w»` {H$gmZ Am§XmobZ XoIZo H$mo {_bo Wo & XmoZm| {H$gmZ
Am§XmobZm| Ho$ Zm_ {b{IE & 1+1=2

24. (H$) _µOXÿam| Ho$ g§Mma Ho$ g§X^© _| gaHw$boeZ H$m AW© {b{IE & 2
AWdm
(I) 1960 VWm 1970 Ho$ XeH$m| _| h[aV H«$m§{V Ho$ àW_ MaU _|, ZB© àm¡Úmo{JH$s Ho$
bmJy hmoZo go J«m_rU g_mO _| Ag_mZVmAm| H$m
Ag_mZVmAm| _| d¥{Õ Ho$ Xmo VarH$m| H$m CëboI H$s{OE & 1+1=2
25. amÁ`m| H$mo AH$ga gm§ñH¥${VH$ {d{dYVm na g§Xoh hmoVm h¡ & {XE JE H$WZ Ho$ Xmo H$maU
~VmBE & 1+1=2
26. AH$ga n[adma H$Qw> g§Kfm] H$m ñWb hmoVm h¡ & H$WZ H$s nw{îQ> Ho$ {bE Xmo H$maU Xr{OE & 1+1=2
27. BZ_| go
1+1=2
28. OZgm§p»`H$s Ho$ Xmo àH$mam| H$mo g_PmBE & 1+1=2
29. (H$) g§J{R>V joÌ _| AZw~§{YV H$m`© H$mo n[a^m{fV H$s{OE & 2
AWdm
(I) à~§YH$ (_¡ZoOa) ? 2
IÊS> J
30. (H$) g§ñH¥$VrH$aU H$s AdYmaUm EH$ Eogo àmê$n H$mo ghr R>hamVr h¡ Omo XaAgb
Ag_mZVm Am¡a AndV©Z na AmYm[aV h¡ & Bg àmê$n H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 4
AWdm
(I) ê$S>moë\$ Am¡a ê$S>moë\$ Ûmam Xr JB© AmYw{ZH$Vm H$s n[aKQ>Zm H$mo g_PmBE & 4
31. AmB©.Q>r. joÌ _| g_` H$s MmH$ar H$s n[aKQ>Zm H$s MMm© H$s{OE & 4
32. Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ H$mb _| ^y{_ gwYmam| Ho$ n[aUm_m| H$s MMm© H$s{OE & 4
33. (H$) Am¡n{Zdo{eH$ àemgH$ Mm` ~mJmZm| _| {H$g àH$ma l{_H$m| H$m M`Z Am¡a {Z`w{º$
H$aVo Wo ? 4
AWdm
(I) Mm` ~mJmZm| _| ~mJmZm| Ho$ _m{bH$ H¡$go ahVo Wo ? 4
62 Page 12 of 15

23. (a) Social movements also develop distinct modes of protest. Write the
names of any two distinct modes of protest. 1+1=2
OR
(b) At the time of Independence, we had the two most classical cases of
peasant movements. Write the names of the two peasant
movements. 1+1=2
24. (a) Write the meaning of circulation
circulation of labour. 2
OR
(b) In the first phase of the Green Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s,
the introduction of new technology seemed to be increasing
inequalities in rural society.
Mention two ways by which inequalities increased. 1+1=2
25. States are often doubtful of cultural diversity. State two reasons for the
given statement. 1+1=2
26. Very often family is a site of bitter conflicts. Give two reasons to justify
the statement. 1+1=2
27. Identify the two sets of principles used to understand the caste system.
Define any one set. 1+1=2
28. Explain the two types of Demography. 1+1=2
29. (a) Define work in the organised sector. 2
OR
(b) What is the basic task of a manager ? 2

Section C
30. (a) Sanskritisation seems to justify a model that rests on inequality
and exclusion. Explain this model. 4
OR
(b) Explain the phenomenon of Modernity as given by Rudolph and
Rudolph. 4
31. the I.T. sector. 4
32. Discuss the impact of land reforms during the colonial period. 4
33. (a) How were labourers recruited and appointed by the colonial
administrators in the tea gardens ? 4
OR
(b) How did the planters in the tea plantations live ? 4
62 Page 13 of 15 P.T.O.

34. gwëVmZmµO S´>r_ Zm_H$ nwñVH$ {H$gHo$ Ûmam {bIr JB© ?
h¡ ? 1+3=4

35. AmYw{ZH$ ^maV _| _{hbmAm| H$s pñW{V H$m àíZ 19dt gXr Ho$ _Ü`dJu` gm_m{OH$ gwYma
Am§XmobZm| Ho$ EH$ {hñgo Ho$ ê$n _| C{XV hþAm & BZ gwYmaH$m| Zo {dMmam| H$m {_lU BñVo_mb
{H$`m & BZ {dMmam| H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 4

IÊS> K
36. (H$) _mëWg H$m OZg§»`m d¥{Õ H$m {gÕm§V EH$ {ZamemdmXr {gÕm§V Wm & Hw$N>
{dMmaH$m| Zo BgH$m {damoY ^r {H$`m & H$WZ H$m Am¡{MË` {gÕ H$s{OE & 6
AWdm
(I) H$^r-H$^r bmoJ ehar OrdZ H$mo Hw$N> gm_m{OH$ H$maUm| go ng§X H$aVo h¢ & BZ
gm_m{OH$ H$maUm| H$s JUZm H$s{OE & 6

37. ZmJ[aH$ g_mO _| em{_b hmoZo H$s _w»` H$gm¡{Q>`m± `h h¢ {H$ g§JR>Z amÁ` {Z`§{ÌV Zht
hmoZm Mm{hE Am¡a {dewÕ ê$n go dm{UpÁ`H$ _wZmµ\$m H$_mZo dmbo VÎd Z hmo & {XE JE H$WZ
H$s {dñVma go MMm© H$s{OE & 6

38. : 2+2+2=6
_m¡{bH$ A{YH$mam|, Aëng§»`H$m|, Am{X na gbmhH$ma g{_{V Ho$ JR>Z H$m àñVmd àñVwV
H$aVo hþE Or.~r. n§V Zo AnZo ^mfU _| {ZåZ{b{IV {dMma àH$Q> {H$E Wo & h_| X~mE hþE
... CÝh| gm_mÝ`
ñVa na bmZo Ho$ {bE h_ Omo ^r H$a gH$Vo h¢ Cgo Adí` H$aZm Mm{hE.... O§Ora H$s e{º$

, h_| EH$ ñdñÏ` amOZr{V Zht àmßV hmoJr &
hmb hr Ho$ dfm] _| amÁ`m| _| BZ dJm] Ho$ AmajU {XE OmZo g§~§Yr {ZU©`m| Ho$ {bE {\$a go
EH$ Z`m {ddmX ewê$ hmo J`m h¡ &
(H$) Cn`w©º$ AZwÀN>oX Ho$ AmYma na g_mO H$s gdm -gr h¡ ? 1+1=2
(I) g_mO H$s Bg gdm©{YH$ | Am¡a H¡$go geº$ {H$`m Om gH$Vm
h¡ ? 2
(J) Om{V Ho$ Y_©{ZanojrH$aU H$mo n[a^m{fV H$s{OE & 2

62 Page 14 of 15

34. Sultana ? Why is this a remarkable
story ? 1+3=4

35. The women question arose in modern India as part of 19 th century
middle-class social reform movements. These reformers used a mix of
ideas. Explain these ideas. 4
Section D

36. (a)
one. It was challenged by theorists. 6
OR
(b) Sometimes the city may be preferred for social reasons.
Enumerate these social reasons. 6

37.
should not be State-controlled, and it should not be a purely commercial
profit-making entity. Discuss the given statement at length. 6

38. Read the passage given and answer the questions : 2+2+2=6

The following observations were made by G.B. Pant during a speech that
moved the constitution of the Advisory Committee on fundamental
rights, minorities, etc. We have to take particular care of the Depressed
Classes, the Scheduled Castes, and the Backward Classes... we must do
all we can to bring them up to the general level... the strength of the
chain is measured by the weakest link of it and so until every link is fully
revitalized, we will not have a healthy body politic. Recent years have
seen renewed debate about the States decisions on reservation to this
section.
(a) Based on the passage above, who are referred to as the weakest
link of society ? 1+1=2
(b) Why should and how can this weakest link be fully revitalized ? 2
(c) Define secularisation of caste . 2

62 Page 15 of 15 P.T.O.