HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

FOR HARYANA CLASS 12 PREPARATION

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus
2027 Physics
EXAM YEAR TYPE SUBJECT

Haryana Class 12 2027 Syllabus Physics

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
BOARD OF SCHOOL EDUCATION HARYANA
Syllabus and Chapter wise division of Marks (2026-27)
Class: XII Subject: Physics Code: 850
General Instructions:
m
1. There will be an Annual Examination based on the entire syllabus.
om . co
c
2. The annual examination (Theory) will be of 70 Marks whereas Practical
. e m
em
examination will be of 30 marks (15 marks each for external and internal
l as
as
examination). Therefore, Total annual evaluation (70+30) will be of 100
l ag
ag
marks.
3. For Practical examination the criteria is as follows:

Total Time: 3 Hours

PRACTICALS
Total Time: 3 Hours Total marks: 30
Evaluation Scheme . c om Marks
Marks allocated for Internal Assessment e m 15
1. Student Assessment Test
l as 10
ag
Weightage of marks (04 marks of SAT, 02 marks of half
yearly test, 02 marks for preboard, 02 marks for
attendance and classroom participation)
2. Practical file/ Record 03
3. Project Record 02

Marks allocated for External Examination 15
Experiments (two) 09
m
.co
(one from
m
.co
each
e m section)
e m Activity (One from Syllabus) las 03
las Viva Voce ag 03
ag Total marks 30

1
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 1 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

Course Structure (2026-27)

Class: XII Subject: Physics Code: 850

Sr. Unit Chapter Marks
No.
1 Electrostatic Electric Charges and Fields 8
Electrostatic Potential and
Capacitance
2 Current Electricity Current Electricity 8
3 Magnetic Effects of Moving Charges and Magnetism 9
Current and Magnetism
Magnetism and Matter
4 Electromagnetic Electromagnetic Induction 8
Induction and
Alternating Currents Alternating Current

5 Electromagnetic Waves Electromagnetic Waves 3
6 Optics Ray Optics and Optical
Instruments
14
Wave Optics
7 Dual Nature of Dual Nature of Radiation and 5
Radiation and Matter Matter
8 Atoms and Nuclei Atoms 8
Nuclei
9 Electronic Devices Semiconductor Electronics: 7
Materials, Devices and Simple
Circuits
Total 70
Practical Examination 30
Grand Total 100

2

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 2 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
Unit-I: Electrostatics
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
Electric charge, Basic Properties of Electric charge: Additivity of
charges, conservation of charge, Quantisation of charges,
Coulomb’s law, force between multiple charges.
Electric field, electric field due to a system of charges, physical m
om
significance of electric field, electric field lines, electric dipole, The . co
. c
field of an electric dipole (for points on the axis and on equatorial e m
em l as
l asplane) Dipole in a uniform external field. Continuous charge
distribution. ag
ag Electric flux, Gauss’s law, Applications of Gauss’s law : Field due
to an infinitely long straight uniformly charged wire, Field due to
uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, Field due to a uniformly
charged thin spherical shell. ( Field inside and outside)

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Electrostatic Potential, Potential due to a point charge, Potential
m
due to an electric dipole, Potential due to a system of charges,
.co
Equipotential surfaces, Relation between field and potential.
m
e
Potential energy of a system of charges. Potential energy of a
s
dipole in an external field. l a
ag
Electrostatics of Conductors, Dielectrics and Polarisation,
capacitors and capacitance, The parallel plate capacitor, Effect of
Dielectric on capacitance, combination of capacitors (series and
parallel), Energy stored in a capacitor (formula only), energy
density.

Unit II: Current Electricity m
m .co
.co m
Chapter 3: Current Electricity
m Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, s e
s e g
ohm’s law, drift velocity, current density, mobility and their relationla
g la with electric current, Limitations of ohm’s law, Resistivity of a
a various materials, Temperature dependence of resistivity, Electrical
energy, Power, cells: EMF, Internal Resistance, cells in series and
in Parallel, Kirchhoff’s rules, Principle of Wheatstone bridge.

3
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 3 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic Field, Lorentz force, Magnetic force on a
current carrying conductor, motion of charge in a magnetic field,
Biot Savart Law, Magnetic field at the center and on the axis of a
circular current loop, Ampere’s circuital law and its application to
infinitely long straight wire and Solenoid, force between two
parallel current carrying conductors – definition of ampere, Torque
on a rectangular current loop in a uniform magnetic field, circular
current loop as a magnetic dipole, Moving coil galvanometer: its
sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative
treatment only), Magnetic field lines magnetic field intensity to a
magnetic dipole along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (
qualitative treatment) , dipole in uniform magnetic field,
Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity, Magnetic Properties of
Materials: Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism, Ferromagnetism.

Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
The Experiments of Faraday and Henry, Magnetic flux, Faraday’s
law of Induction, Lenz’s law and Conservation of Energy, Motional
Electromotive force, Inductance, self inductance of the coil, Mutual
Inductance for long co-axial solenoids, Energy stored in inductor,
AC generator.
Chapter 7: Alternating Current
Peak and RMS value of alternating current (No derivation), AC
voltage applied to a Resistor, Representation of AC current and
voltage by Rotating vectors – Phasors, AC voltage applied to an
Inductor, AC voltage applied to a capacitor, AC voltage applied to
a series LCR circuit, Resonance, Power in AC circuit: Power
factor, Transformers.

Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves 4

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 4 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves:
Sources and nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic
spectrum: Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves, Visible rays,
Ultraviolet rays, X-rays, Gamma rays (elementary facts about their
uses).
m
om . co
.
Unit VI: Optics c e m
m
e 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments l as
as
Chapter
l Reflection of light by spherical Mirror, Mirror formula, Refractiona g
ag
of light, Total Internal Reflection, Applications of TIR, Refraction
at Spherical surfaces, Refraction by a lens, lens maker’s formula.
Power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact. Refraction
through a prism.
Optical Instruments: Microscope (Simple and Compound),
Refracting type Telescope and reflecting type (Cassegrainian)

m
.co
Chapter 10: Wave Optics
m
Wave front, Huygen’s Principle, Reflection and Refraction of plane
e
l as
wave using Huygen’s Principle, Coherent sources, Interference of

ag
light waves, Young’s Double slit experiment, condition for
constructive and destructive interference, fringe width (No
derivation). Diffraction due to a single slit

Unit VII: Dual nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Electron Emission, Photoelectric effect: Experimental study of
m
m Photoelectric effect, Photoelectric effect and wave theory of light, .co
m .co Einstein’s Photoelectric equation, Particle Nature of light: photon,
s e m
s e wave nature of matter, de-Broglie formula.
g la
g la a
a Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei
Chapter 12: Atoms
Alpha-particle scattering and Rutherford’s Nuclear model of atom,
impact parameter, distance of closest approach, Bohr model of
hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity 5
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 5 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

and energy of electron in nth orbit, energy level diagram of
hydrogen atom, The line spectra of the Hydrogen atom, De Broglie
explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantization.

Chapter 13: Nuclei
Composition and size of nucleus, Mass-Energy relation, mass
defect, binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass
number, nuclear force, Nuclear energy: nuclear fission and fusion,

Unit IX: Electronic Devices
Chapter 14: Semiconductors Electronics: Materials, Devices and
Simple Circuits
Classification of Metals, insulators and semiconductor on the basis
of energy bands (qualitative treatment), Intrinsic semiconductor,
Extrinsic semiconductor: P and n type, P-n junction formation,
Semiconductor diode: p-n junction diode under forward bias, p-n
junction diode under reverse bias, semiconductor diode I-V
characteristics in forward and reverse bias, junction diode as
Rectifier: Half wave and full wave rectifier.

6

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 6 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
PRACTICALS:
The record to be submitted by the students, at the time of their annual
examination, has to include:

m
co
* Record of at least 8 experiments [with 4 from each section], to be performed
by the students.
. c om e m .
* Record of atmleast 6 Activities [with 3 from each section], to be performed by as
s e g l
l a
the students.
g a
a on the project carried out by the students.
* Report

SECTION-A
1. To determine resistivity of two/three given wires by plotting a graph for
potential difference versus current.
2. To find resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using meter bridge.
m
3. To verify the laws of combination (series) / parallel of resistances using a
meter bridge.
m .co
s e
4. To determine resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to
l a
ag
find its figure of merit.
5. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit)
into a voltmeter/ammeter of desired range and to verify the same.
6. To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer.

Activities
1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron
core.
m
m 2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity
.co
m .co of a given circuit using multi-meter.
s e m
s e 3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off)
g la
g la switches, a fuse and a power source. a
a 4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady
current.
6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery,
resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are
7
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 7 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

not connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit
diagram.
SECTION-B
1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and
to find the focal length.
2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
3. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v
or between 1/u and 1/v.
4. To find the focal length of a concave lens, using a convex lens.
5. To determine angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a
graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation.
6. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
7. To find the refractive index of a liquid using (i) convex lens, (ii) concave
mirror and plane mirror.
8. To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction diode in forward and
reverse bias.

Activities
1. To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed
collection of such items.
2. Use of multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode
and an LED and check whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is
in working order.
3. To study the effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on
an LDR.
4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident
obliquely on a glass slab.
5. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.
6. To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, or (ii)
concave mirror, on a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different
distances of the candle from the lens/mirror).
7. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two
lenses from the given set of lenses.

Suggested Investigatory Projects
1. To study various factors on which the internal resistance/EMF of a cell
depends.
8

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 8 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
2. To study the variations in current flowing in a circuit containing an LDR
because of a variation in
(a) the power of the incandescent lamp, used to 'illuminate' the LDR
(keeping all the lamps at a fixed distance).
(b) the distance of a incandescent lamp (of fixed power) used to "illuminate'
the LDR. m
om
3. To find the refractive indices of (a) water (b) oil (transparent) using a plane . co
. c
mirror, and equiconvex lens (made from a glass of known refractive index) e m
e m l as
l as
and an adjustable object needle.
4. To investigate the relation between the ratio of (i) output and input voltage ag
ag
and (ii) number of turns in the secondary coil and primary coil of a self-
designed transformer.
5. To investigate the dependence of the angle of deviation on the angle of
incidence using a hollow prism filled one by one, with different transparent
fluids.
6. To estimate the charge induced on each one of the two identical Styrofoam
(or pith) balls suspended in a vertical plane by making use of Coulomb's law.
m
.co
7. To study the factor on which the self-inductance of a coil depends by
m
e
observing the effect of this coil, when put in series with a resistor/(bulb) in a
s
a
circuit fed up with an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.
l
ag

m
m .co
m .co s e m
s e g la
g la a
a

9
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 9 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

Month wise Syllabus Teaching Plan (2026-27)
Class: XII Subject: Physics Code: 850

Month Subject-content Teaching Revision Practical
Periods Periods Periods
April Chapter 1: Electric Charges and 10 2
Fields

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential 12 02
and Capacitance

Practical:
To determine resistivity of
two/three given wires by plotting 8
a graph for potential difference
versus current.
May Chapter 3: Current Electricity 11 02

Chapter 4: Moving Charges and 12 02
Magnetism

Practical:
To find resistance of a given wire 12
/ standard resistor using meter
bridge.
Activities:
To measure the resistance and
impedance of an inductor with or
without iron core.
June Summer Vacation (Project work)
10

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 10 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
July Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter 09 02

Chapter 6: Electromagnetic 12 02
Induction
m
Practical:
om . co
. c To verify the laws of e m
em l as
l as combination (series) / parallel of 12
ag
ag resistances using a meter bridge.
Activities:
To assemble a household
circuit comprising three bulbs,
three (on/off) switches, a fuse
and a power source.
To assemble the components
of a given electrical circuit.

o m
. c
August
e m
Chapter 7: Alternating Current 10 04

l as
Chapter 8: ag
Electromagnetic 04 01
Waves

Practical:
To determine resistance of a
galvanometer by half-
deflection method and to find
m
m
its figure of merit.
c. o 12
.co
To convert the given
e m
e m galvanometer (of known
las
las resistance and figure of merit)
into a voltmeter/ammeter of ag
ag desired range and to verify the
same.
Activities:
To study the variation in potential
drop with length of a wire for a
steady current.
11
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 11 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

To draw the diagram of a given
open circuit comprising at least
a battery, resistor/rheostat, key,
ammeter and voltmeter. Mark
the components that are not
connected in proper order and
correct the circuit and also the
circuit diagram.
September Revision for Half-Yearly Exam 10

Practical:
To find the frequency of AC
mains with a sonometer.
Activities: 10
To measure resistance, voltage
(AC/DC), current (AC) and
check continuity of a given
circuit using multi-meter.

October Chapter 9: Ray Optics and 14 03
Optical Instruments

Chapter 10: Wave optics 10 02

Practical:
1. To find the value of v for
different values of u in case of
a concave mirror and to find 10
the focal length.
2. To find the focal length of a
convex mirror, using a convex
lens.
3.To find the focal length of a
convex lens by plotting graphs
between u and v or between 1/u
and 1/v.
Activities:
12

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 12 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
To study the nature and size of
the image formed by a (i)
convex lens, or (ii) concave
mirror, on a screen by using a
candle and a screen (for
different distances of the
m
candle from the lens/mirror).
om . co
. c e m
To obtain a lens combination
em l as
l as with the specified focal length
by using two lenses from the ag
ag given set of lenses.

November Chapter 11: Dual Nature of 08 02
Radiation and Matter

Chapter 12: Atoms 10 04
m
Practical: m .co
s e
To find the focal length of a
l a
lens. ag
concave lens, using a convex
12
To determine angle of minimum
deviation for a given prism by
plotting a graph between angle
of incidence and angle of
deviation.
m
m To determine refractive index of
.co
m .co a glass slab using a travelling
s e m
s e microscope.
g la
g la a
a Activities:
To observe refraction and lateral
deviation of a beam of light
incident obliquely on a glass
slab.
13
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 13 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

To observe diffraction of light
due to a thin slit.

December Chapter 13: Nuclei 08 02

Chapter 14: Semiconductor 12 04
Electronics: Materials, Devices
and Simple Circuits

Practical:
To find the refractive index of a
liquid using (i) convex lens,
(ii) concave mirror and plane
mirror.
12
To draw the I-V characteristic
curve for a p-n junction diode
in forward and reverse bias.

Activities:
To identify a diode, an LED, a
resistor and a capacitor from a
mixed collection of such items.

Use of multimeter to see the
unidirectional flow of current
in case of a diode and an LED
and check whether a given
electronic component (e.g.,
diode) is in working order.

To study effect of intensity of
light (by varying distance of the
source) on an LDR.
January Revision and practice of 10 10
previous year papers

14

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 14 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
February Revision and practice of 08 08
previous year papers
March Annual Examination

m
om . co
Note: . c e m
em
1. Subject teachers are advised to direct the students to prepare
l as
l as
notebook of the Terminology/Definitional Words used in the chapters ag
agfor enhancement of vocabulary or clarity of the concept.

2. The NCERT textbooks present information in boxes across the
book. These help students to get conceptual clarity. However, the
information in these boxes would not be assessed in the year-
end examination.
m
Prescribed Books: m .co
e
II,sPublished by BSEH © NCERT.
1. Physics, Class XII, Part -I andla
ag for class XII Published by NCERT.
2. Laboratory Manual of Physics

m
m .co
m .co s e m
s e g la
g la a
a

15
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 15 of 17

HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

Question Paper Design (2026-27)
Class: XII Subject: Physics
Code: 850 Time: 3 hours
Competencies Marks Percentage
Knowledge 28 40%
Understanding 21 30%
Application 14 20%
Skill 7 10%
Total 70 100%

Type of Marks Number Description Total
Question Marks

Objective 1 18 09 Multiple Choice Questions 18
Questions 03 Fill in the blanks
03 One Word Answer Based
03 Assertion-Reason Questions

Very Short 2 7 Internal choice will be given in 14
Answer Type any 3 questions
Question

Short Answer 3 5 Internal choice will be given in 15
Type Question any 2 questions

Case Study 4 2 Internal choice will be given 8
only in one part of both
questions
16

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 16 of 17

.
m .co s e m HBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2027 Physics

s e l a
a ag
Long Answer 5 3 Internal options will be given in 15
Type Question all the questions and may be
given in the parts

Total 35 70
m
om . co
. c e m
em l as
l as ag
ag

m
m .co
s e
l a
ag

m
m .co
m .co s e m
s e g la
g la a
a

17
m . c
c. o s e m
s em
For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit
gl a
Page 17 of 17