CBSE Class 12 Question Paper 2026 Geography

FOR CBSE CLASS 12 EXAM PREPARATION

CBSE Class 12 2026
Question Paper ·
Geography
EXAM YEAR TYPE SUBJECT

CBSE Class 12 2026 Question Paper Geography

Notes · Sample Papers · Previous Year Papers · Mock Tests

m
m .co

m .co s e m
se g l a
a
Series : QRP1S SET ~ 1

 . - 
Q.P. Code 64/1/1
Roll No.

m
m .co
.co s e m
s em  () l a
g la GEOGRAPHY (Theory) ag
a  : 3    : 70
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 70

/ NOTE : {}
(I)       -    23 (2  )  
Please check that this question paper contains 23 printed pages
(Including 2 Maps).
-        - om  -  -
(II)
. c
   me
las
Q.P. Code given on the right hand side of the question paper should be
g
written on the title page of the answer-book by the candidate.
a
(III)       -  30   
Please check that this question paper contains 30 questions.
(IV)         , -       
  
Please write down the serial number of the question in the answer-
book at the given place before attempting it.
(V)  -     15        -     m
m 10.15     10.15   10.30     -   .co
m .co em
      -      
s
s e l a paper. The
15 minute time has been allotted to read this question
g
g la question paper will be distributed at 10.15 a.m.a From 10.15 a.m. to
a 10.30 a.m., the candidates will read the question paper only and will
not write any answer on the answer-book during this period.

64/1/1 2378-1 Page 1 of 24 P.T.O.

m .
.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
a For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 1 of 24

{}
  :
         
(i)  -   30        
(ii) -      – -, , ,    
(iii)  –  :   1  17          1    
(iv)  –  :   18  19 -      3    
(v)  –  :   20  23  -        3    
    80  100      
(vi)  –  :   24  28  -        5    
    120  150      
(vii)  –  :   29  30 -      5    
(viii)  ,             
                   
(ix) -         ,        
  

 – 
  1  17       (17  1 = 17)

1. ‘’              ?    
  1
I.         
II.         
III.         
IV.        
 :
(A)  I, II  III   
(B)  I, II  IV   
(C)  I, III  IV   
(D)  II, III  IV   

64/1/1 Page 2 of 24

For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 2 of 24

m
m .co

m .co s e m
se g l a {}
General Instructions :
a
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 30 questions. All questions are
compulsory.
(ii) Question paper is divided into five Sections – Section A, B, C, D
and E.
(iii) Section A - Question Nos. 1 to 17 are Multiple Choice (MCQ) type
m
m
questions. Each question carries 1 mark.
.co
.co
(iv) Section B - Question Nos. 18 and 19 are Source based questions. Each
m s e m
e
question carries 3 marks.
s l a
(v)
g l a
Section C - Question Nos. 20 to 23 are Short Answer (SA) type
ag
aquestions. Each question carries 3 marks. Answer to these questions
shall be written in 80 to 100 words.
(vi) Section D - Question Nos. 24 to 28 are Long Answer (LA) type questions.
Each question carries 5 marks. Answer to these questions shall be
written in 120 to 150 words.
(vii) Section E - Question Nos. 29 & 30 are Map based questions. Each
question carries 5 marks.
(viii) In addition to this, NOTE that a separate question has been provided
m
m .co
for Visually Impaired Candidates in lieu of questions having visual
inputs, map etc. Such questions are to be attempted by Visually
s e
la
Impaired Candidates only.
(ix) g
There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an
a
internal choice has been provided in a few questions.

SECTION – A
Question Nos. 1 to 17 are Multiple Choice type questions. (17  1 = 17)
1. Which of the following statements related to the concept of ‘development’
are correct ? Choose the appropriate option. 1
I. Development means positive change in life.
II. When positive growth is there, it is development. m
m
III. When quantity is greater, it is development. .co
m .co IV. Development is always relative to value.
s e m
s e Options :
g l a
g la (A) Only I, II and III are correct.
(B) Only I, II and IV are correct.
a
a (C) Only I, III and IV are correct.
(D) Only II, III and IV are correct.

64/1/1 Page 3 of 24 P.T.O.

m .
.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
a For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 3 of 24

{}
2. -I    -II          1
-I -II
() ()
a.   i.      
b.   ii. ,     ,    
c.    iii.         
d.   iv.       
 :
a b c d
(A) ii i iv iii
(B) ii i iii iv
(C) iii iv ii i
(D) iii iv i ii

3.    -       ‘ ’    ? 1
(A)   (B)  
(C)    (D)   

4.              1
(A) , ,  (B) , , 
(C) , ,  (D) , , 

5.          (A)   (R)        
       1
 (A) :              
 
 (R) :               
 :
(A)  (A)  (R)    (R), (A)     
(B)  (A)  (R)  ,  (R), (A)      
(C) (A)  ,  (R)   
(D) (A)  ,  (R)   

64/1/1 Page 4 of 24

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m
m .co

m .co s em
se g la {}
2.
a
Match column-I with column-II correctly and choose the appropriate option : 1
Column-I Column-II
(Approach) (Characteristics)
a. Income Approach i. Proposed by International Labour
Organisation
b. Welfare Approach ii. Health, education and access to resources –
key factors
m
c. Basic Needs Approach
m iii. It is one of the oldest approach
.co
d.
m .co
Capability Approach iv. Human being – targeted beneficiaries
s e m
Options :
s e l a
a
(A) iig l a
b
i
c d
iv iii
ag
a
(B) ii i iii iv
(C) iii iv ii i
(D) iii iv i ii

3. Which one of the following is the low latitudes zone of subsistence
gathering practiced in the world ? 1
(A) Northern Canada (B) Northern Eurasia
m
.co
(C) Southeast Asia (D) Southeast Chile

e m
4.
las
Choose the correct option related to oil tanker ports of the world. 1
(A) Maracaibo, Tripoli, Singapore
ag
(B) Esskhira, Singapore, Manchester
(C) Maracaibo, Esskhira, Tripoli
(D) Manchester, Esskhira, Marmagao

5. Two statements are given below. They are Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Read both the statements carefully and choose the correct option : 1
Assertion (A) : All the developed countries have opened their markets
for products from developing countries. m
m
Reason (R) : World Trade Organisation deals with the global rules of .co
m .co trade between nations.
s e m
s e Options :
g l a
g la (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). a
a (B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
64/1/1 Page 5 of 24 P.T.O.

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.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
a For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 5 of 24

{}
6. ‘ ’             
   1
I.             
II.           
III.             
IV.      – , ,  
 :
(A)  I, II  III   
(B)  I, II  IV   
(C)  I, III  IV   
(D)  II, III  IV   

7.            1
(A)    –  
(B)    –   
(C)    –  
(D)    –    

8.   ‘ ’            ? 1
(A)                
(B)           
(C)          
(D)            

9.                  1
(A) ,    (B) ,    
(C) ,    (D)  ,    

10.                  ? 1
(A)  I (B)  II
(C)  III (D)  IV

64/1/1 Page 6 of 24

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m
m .co

m .co s em
se g la {}
6.
a
Read the following statements carefully regarding ‘tertiary activities’ and
choose the correct option : 1
I. Tertiary activities include both production and exchange of services.
II. Tertiary activities involve the commercial output of services.
III. Tertiary activities are directly involved in the processing of raw
material.
IV. The examples of tertiary activities are – plumber, doctor, publisher.
m
Options :
m .co
m .co
(A) Only I, II and III are correct.
(B) Only I, II and IV are correct. s e m
s e l a
(C) Only I, III and IV are correct.
g l a
(D) Only II, III and IV are correct. ag
a
7. Choose the correctly matched pair from the following. 1
(A) Red collar worker – Practicing lawyers
(B) Gold collar worker – Senior business executive
(C) Pink collar worker – Environmental scientist
(D) White collar worker – Mining worker
m
8. .co
Which one of the following statements is true regarding ‘medical tourism’ in
m
India ?
s e 1
la
(A) Tourists travel specially for availing cheap medical facilities.
g
a
(B) Doctors travel to developed country to do surgical operation.
(C) Doctors travel to treat the patients.
(D) Tourists on trip get treated, if they fall ill.

9. Choose the right group of states where Dravadian language is spoken
majorly. 1
(A) Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra
(B) Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh
m
m
(C) Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka
.co
.co (D) Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Madhya Pradesh
s e m
s em 10. During which one of the following phase of populationglgrowth
a in India,
g la negative growth was recorded in a decade ? a 1
a (A) Phase I (B) Phase II
(C) Phase III (D) Phase IV

64/1/1 Page 7 of 24 P.T.O.

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.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
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{}
11.        -           
   ? 1
(A) , ,    (B) , ,   
(C) , ,    (D) , ,   

12.    -             ? 1
(A)  (B) 
(C)  (D) 

13.    - -     ? 1
(A)   (B)  () 
(C)   (D)  

14.          – 1
(A)  (B) 
(C)  (D) 

     . 15  17     :
   
    
..     
1  1,425,775,850 17.4
2  1,409,670,000 17.2
3    337,975,234 4.13
4  278,696,200 3.41
5  229,488,994 2.80
6  216,746,934 2.65
7  219,277,799 2.68
8  168,220,000 2.06
9  128,271,248 1.57

15.          ? 1
(A) 3 (B) 4
(C) 5 (D) 6
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m
m .co

m .co s em
se g la {}
a
11. Which one of the following set of cities falling on the ‘Golden
Quadrilateral’ are arranged in a clock-wise direction from Delhi ? 1
(A) Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai
(B) Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai
(C) Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata
(D) Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai and Mumbai
m
m
12. Which one of the following cities serve as headquarter of two railway zones ? 1
.co
(A) Kolkata .co (B) Chennai
s e m
(C) Jaipur
s em (D) Bilaspur
l a
g l a ag 1
a one of the following is a natural process of land degradation ?
13. Which
(A) Mining activities (B) Gully erosion
(C) Industrial waste (D) Shifting cultivation

14. The loudness of the sound is measured in the unit known as : 1
(A) Millimeter (B) Centimeter
(C) Decimal (D) Decibel

o m
. c
Study the following table carefully and answer Question Nos. 15 to 17.
m
e countries
Most populous s
la Population  of world
Countryag
Sr.
No.
1 India 1,425,775,850 17.4
2 China 1,409,670,000 17.2
3 United States of America 337,975,234 4.13
4 Indonesia 278,696,200 3.41
5 Pakistan 229,488,994 2.80
6 Nigeria 216,746,934 2.65
m
m 7 Brazil 219,277,799 2.68
.co
m .co 8 Bangladesh
e
168,220,000
s
2.06 m
s e 9 Mexico
g l a
128,271,248 1.57
l a a
ag 15. How many of the listed countries fall under Asian continent ?
(A) 3 (B) 4
1

(C) 5 (D) 6
64/1/1 Page 9 of 24 P.T.O.

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.co s e m
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{}
16.      -        ?  
     1
(A)    (B)    
(C)     (D)   

17.              ? 1
(A) 17.88 (B) 17.58
(C) 19.88 (D) 19.58
 – 
  18  19 -    (2  3 = 6)
18. ‘   ’    
       
    

(18.1) A
           1
(18.2) 
A              ½+½=1
(18.3) 
B             1

 :          18     
  ‘   ’        3
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m
m .co

m .co s em
se g la {}
a
16. Which of the following set of continents is not represented in the table ?
Choose the most appropriate option. 1
(A) Australia and Africa (B) Africa and South America
(C) Europe and South America (D) Australia and Europe
17. China and Brazil together account for what percentage of the world
population ? 1
(A) 17.88 (B) 17.58
m
.co
(C) 19.88 (D) 19.58
o m m
. c SECTION – B
(2  3 = 6) se
m showing areas of ‘extensive commercial grains farming’ la
Question
emap
Nos. 18 and 19 are Source based questions :

a
18. Study the
l s a g
ag
carefully and answer questions that follow :

m
m .co
s e
g la
a

m
(18.1) Write the geographical name of the area marked as A  .com 1

c. o (18.2) Name any two major crops grown in the region  A
e m ½+½=1
s as 
e m (18.3) Explain the agricultural importance of the area marked
l a B 1
las g
a Candidates
ag Note : The following question is for the Visually Impaired
only in lieu of Question No. 18
Explain the main characteristics of ‘extensive commercial grain farming’
in the world. 3
64/1/1 Page 11 of 24 P.T.O.

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19.     
           
 
  ,          ,  
,  ,  ,   , ,      
                
    ,           
              -,   ,
    
(19.1)             ?    1
(19.2)          1
(19.3)           ½+½=1

 – 
  20  23 -      (4  3 = 12)
20. ‘ ’  ‘ ’        3

21. ‘ ’      ‘ ’     3

22. (a)            3

(b)          3

23.                  
  -  - , 2011


      
 26,30,22,473 54.6 16,54,47,075 9,75,75,398
 1,83,36,307 3.8 97,75,635 85,60,672
 20,03,84,531 41.6 15,66,43,220 4,37,41,311
(23.1)             ? 1
(23.2)               
  1
(23.3)             ? 1

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m
m .co

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a
19. Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Water Pollution
Industries produce several undesirable products including industrial
wastes, polluted waste water, poisonous gases, chemical residuals,
numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc. Most of the industrial wastes
are disposed off in running water or lakes. Consequently, poisonous
elements reach the reservoirs, rivers and other water bodies, which
destroy the bio-system of these waters. Major water polluting industries m
m
are leather, pulp and paper, textiles and chemicals. .co
.co
(19.1) Explain how industries are the major contributor of water
m s e m
s e
pollution in India. 1
l a
g l a
(19.2) Suggest the way for minimising water pollution. 1
ag
a
(19.3) Mention two rivers of India which are highly polluted. ½+½=1

SECTION – C
Question Nos. 20 to 23 are Short Answer type questions. (4  3 = 12)
20. Examine the relationships between the ‘unresting man’ and ‘unstable earth’. 3

21. Examine the importance of ‘sustainability’ as a pillar of ‘human
development’. 3

22. (a) . c om
Explain the main characteristics of urban settlements in India. 3
e m
(b)
OR
las
Explain the evolution of towns in India.
ag 3

23. Study the following table carefully and answer the questions that follow :
Sectoral composition of workforce in India, 2011
Population
Categories Persons  to total Male Female
workers
Primary 26,30,22,473 54.6 16,54,47,075 9,75,75,398
m
.co
Secondary 1,83,36,307 3.8 97,75,635 85,60,672
m
.co
Tertiary 20,03,84,531 41.6 15,66,43,220 4,37,41,311
e m
e m (23.1) Why is the large difference between primary and tertiary
l as
las categories of female workers ?
ag 1

ag (23.2) Explain the reason of low variation between male workers of
‘primary’ and ‘tertiary’ sectors. 1
(23.3) Why ‘secondary sector’ has low contribution in India’s workforce ? 1

64/1/1 Page 13 of 24 P.T.O.

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 – 
  24  28 -      (5  5 = 25)

24. “              ”   
       5

25. (a) “                 ”
              5


(b) “               ” 
              5

26. (a) “    -          ” 
        5


(b) “            ” 
        5

27. (a)                  
    3+2=5


(b)       -         
     3+2=5

28. (a)               5


(b)            5

64/1/1 Page 14 of 24

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m
m .co

m .co s e m
se g l a {}
SECTION – D
a
Question Nos. 24 to 28 are Long Answer type questions. (5  5 = 25)
24. “Industries should be located at points where the production costs are
minimum.” Examine the statement with suitable arguments. 5

m
.co
25. (a) “Railway is the mode of land transport for bulky goods and
m
.co
passengers over long distances.” In the context of this statement,
explain the significance of railways in the world. e m
em l
5
as
l as OR
ag
(b) ag“Road transport is the most economical for short distances compared
to railway.” In the context of this statement, explain the significance
of road transport in the world. 5

26. (a) “Generally land-use in a region is influenced by the nature of
economic activities.” Support the statement with suitable examples. 5

o m OR
c
. have physical constraints and
m
(b) “The Indian agricultural problems
e the statement with suitable
examples. las
institutional hindrances.” Support
5
ag
27. (a) Explain the significance of petroleum as major source of energy and
describe its distribution in India. 3+2=5
OR
(b) Explain the significance of iron-ore as industrial raw material and
describe its distribution in India. 3+2=5
m
m
c.28.o (a) Analyse the importance of Indian seaports in the development
m .co
m s e of
s e international trade.
g l a 5
l a a
ag OR
(b) Analyse the changing pattern of India’s international trade. 5

64/1/1 Page 15 of 24 P.T.O.

m .
.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
a For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 15 of 24

{}
 – 
  29  30 -    (2  5 = 10)

29.      -      A, B, C, D, E, F 
G                 
            51=5
A. -     
B.    
C.    
D.     
E. ‘ ’   
F. ‘  ’   
G. ‘ ’   
 :          29     
      51=5
29.1 -           
29.2                
29.3          
29.4              
29.5   ‘ ’        
29.6     ‘  ’        
29.7      ‘ ’     
30.      -         
         51=5
30.1      (2011)
30.2     
30.3    -    
30.4        
30.5       
30.6          
30.7      

64/1/1 Page 16 of 24

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m
m .co

m .co s e m
se g l a {}
SECTION – E
a
Question Nos. 29 and 30 are Map based questions. (2  5 = 10)

29. In the given political outline map of the world, seven geographical features
have been marked as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Identify any five of them
with the help of following information and write their correct names on the
lines drawn near them : 51=5
m
A. A terminal station of Trans-Siberian Railway
m .co
B.
.co
A major sea port
s e m
C. em
A major air port
s l a
D. An
g lainternational shipping canal ag
E. a An area of ‘subsistence gathering’
F. An area of ‘commercial livestock rearing’
G. An area of ‘dairy farming’
Note : The following questions are for the Visually Impaired Candidates
only in lieu of Question No. 29. Attempt any five. 51=5
29.1 Name the westernmost terminal station of Trans-Siberian Railway.
29.2
m
Mention a major sea port on the western coast of South America.
29.3 Mention an international airport of Kenya. .co
29.4
s em
Name the shipping canal joining Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
29.5 laof ‘subsistence gathering’ in Africa.
Mention one major region
g
29.6 Name a major areaaof ‘commercial livestock rearing’ in United
States of America.
29.7 Name the major area of ‘dairy farming’ in North America.

30. On the given political outline map of India, locate and label any five of
the following seven geographical features with appropriate symbols : 5  1 = 5
30.1 A state with the highest density of population (2011). m
m30.2
c. o 30.3
A state leading in the production of tea.
m.co
m An iron-ore mining area in southern Chhattisgarh.
s e
s e 30.4 A major area of bauxite mining in Odisha.
g l a
g la 30.5 An oil refinery in Uttar Pradesh. a
a 30.6 A major seaport located at the head of Gulf of Kuchchh.
30.7 An international airport in Punjab.
64/1/1 Page 17 of 24 P.T.O.

m .
.co s e m
s em l a
g la ag
a For more Question Papers, Sample Papers, Notes & Syllabus visit Page 17 of 24

{}
 :          30      
     51=5
30.1    (2011)      
30.2 -       ?
30.3     -      
30.4          
30.5                
30.6              
30.7               
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Note : The following questions are for the visually impaired candidates
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30.1 Name the state with the highest density of population (2011).
30.2 Which state is leading in tea production ?
30.3 Name any one iron-ore mining area in Chhattisgarh.
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