Karnataka 2nd PUC Question Paper 2025 Answer Key Economics

Government of Karnataka
Karnataka Secondary Education Examination Board

Question Paper
ANSWER KEY

1
PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ±Á¯Á ¥ÀjÃPÉë ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiË®å¤tðAiÀÄ ªÀÄAqÀ½
¢éwÃAiÀÄ ¦.AiÀÄÄ.¹ ªÁ¶ðPÀ ¥ÀjÃPÉë-1: ªÀiÁZïð-2025
«μÀAiÀÄ: 22- CxÀð±Á¸ÀÛç ªÀiÁzÀj GvÀÛgÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ಗರಿಷ್ಠ ಅಂಕಗಳು: 80
PÀæ.¸ÀA ¨sÁUÀ –J CAPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ

I ¸ÀjAiÀiÁzÀ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß Dj¹ §gɬÄj. 5 X 1= 5
1) ¸ÁÜ£ÀzÀ±ÀðPÀ vÀĶÖUÀÄt «±ÉèõÀuÉAiÀÄÄ vÀĶÖUÀÄtªÀ£ÀÄß EzÀgÀ°è ªÀåPÀÛ¥Àr¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ
(a) ¸ÀASÉåUÀ¼À°è (b) ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À°è (c) ±ÉæÃtÂUÀ¼À°è (d) C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀUÀ¼À°è
GvÀÛgÀ (c) ±ÉæÃtÂUÀ¼À°è 1

2) TFCAiÀÄÄ 100 gÀÆ.UÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ TVCAiÀÄÄ 125 gÀÆ.UÀ½zÁÝUÀ MlÄÖ ªÉZÀѪÀ£ÀÄß PÀAqÀÄ»r¬Äj.
(a) 25 (b) 125 (c) 175 (d) 225
GvÀÛgÀ (d) 225 1
3) ªÀĺÁ DyðPÀ PÀĹvÀzÀ ªÀµÀð
(a) 1929 (b) 1889 (c) 1920 (d) 2018
GvÀÛgÀ (a) 1929 1
4) ¸Á®zÀ ¸ÀÄ®¨sÀ ®¨sÀåvÉAiÀÄÄ EzÀ£ÀÄß GvÉÛÃf¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
(a) G½vÁAiÀÄ (b) ºÀÆrPÉ (c) §rØzÀgÀ (d) ºÀÆrPÉ »AvÉUÉvÀ
GvÀÛgÀ (b) ºÀÆrPÉ 1

5) C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ GvÁàzÀPÀgÀÄ zÉòÃAiÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ «zÉò ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À £ÀqÀÄªÉ DAiÉÄÌ ªÀiÁrPÉƼÀÀÄzÀÄ,
F ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆArAiÀÄ£ÀÄß »ÃUÉ£ÀÄßvÉÛêÉ.
(a) ºÀtPÁ¸ÀÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆAr (b) GvÀà£Àß ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆAr
(c) ±ÀæªÀÄzÀ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆAr (d) «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆAr
GvÀÛgÀ (b) GvÀà£Àß ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ PÉÆAr 1

II. DªÀgÀtzÀ°ègÀĪÀ ¸ÀjAiÀiÁzÀ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß Dj¹, SÁ° ©lÖ ¸ÀܼÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¨sÀwð ªÀiÁr. 5 X 1= 5
6) PÉÃA¢æÃAiÀÄ AiÉÆÃfvÀ CyðPÀvÉAiÀÄ°è J¯Áè ¥ÀæªÀÄÄR ¤zsÁðgÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ________ vÉUÉzÀÄPÉƼÀÄîvÀÛzÉ.
GvÀÛgÀ ¸ÀPÁðgÀ 1
7) ¨É¯É ¥ÀqÉAiÀÄĪÀ ªÀvÀð£ÉAiÀÄÄ ________ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖAiÀÄ «©ü£Àß UÀÄt®PÀëtªÁVzÉ.
GvÀÛgÀ ¥Àj¥ÀÆtð ¥ÉÊ¥ÉÆÃn 1
8) ªÀiË®å ªÀ¢üðvÀ «zsÁ£ÀªÀÅ _____________ «zsÁ£ÀzÀ ¥ÀAiÀiÁðAiÀÄ ºÉ¸ÀgÁVzÉ
GvÀÛgÀ GvÀà£Àß 1
9) ¨sÁgÀvÀzÀ°è PÀgɤìAiÀÄ£ÀÄß (£ÉÆÃlÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß) ZÀ¯ÁªÀuÉUÉ vÀgÀĪÀ KPÀªÀiÁvÀæ ¸ÀA¸ÉÜ ________
GvÀÛgÀ RBI 1
10) ¨sÁgÀvÀzÀ°è _________ ªÀµÀðªÀÅ K¦æ¯ï 01 jAzÀ ªÀiÁZïð 31 gÀ ªÀgÉVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
GvÀÛgÀ ºÀtPÁ¹£À 1
III. ºÉÆA¢¹ §gɬÄj. 5 X 1= 5
11) A B
a) ªÀiÁzÀj CxÀð±Á¸ÀÛç - vi) PÁAiÀÄðvÀAvÀæUÀ¼À ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£À 1

b) PÀÆ° zÀgÀ - i) VMPL 1

c) UÀȺÀPÀÈvÀå - v) ºÀtgÀ»vÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ 1

d) M3 ªÀÄvÀÄÛ M4 -- ii) «±Á® ºÀt 1

e) PÀZÁÑ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ - iii) ªÀÄzsÀåªÀwð ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ 1

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IV. PɼÀV£À ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ MAzÀÄ ªÁPÀå CxÀªÁ ¥ÀzÀzÀ°è GvÀÛj¹. 5 X 1= 5

12) ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ DyðPÀvÉUÉ MAzÀÄ GzÁºÀgÀuÉ ¤Ãr.
GvÀÛgÀ CªÉÄÃjPÁ (AiÀÄÄ.J¸ï.J), d¥Á£ï, D¸ÉÖçðAiÀiÁ (AiÀiÁªÀÅzÁzÀgÀÆ MAzÀÄ) 1

13) E§âgÀÄ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVUÀ¼À ¨ÉÃrPÉ gÉÃSÉUÀ¼ÀÄ PÀæªÀĪÁV d1(p)=20 - p ªÀÄvÀÄÛ d2(p)=15 - p DzÁUÀ, ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ
¨ÉÃrPÉ gÉÃSÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß PÀAqÀÄ»r¬Äj.
GvÀÛgÀ 35-2p 1

14) CPI - «¸ÀÛj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ CPI - CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, C£ÀĨsÉÆÃV ¨É¯É ¸ÀÆZÀåAPÀ 1

15) ¥ÁæxÀ«ÄPÀ PÉÆgÀvÉ JAzÀgÉãÀÄ?
GvÀÛgÀ PÉÆòÃAiÀÄ PÉÆgÀvÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¤ªÀé¼À §rØ ¥ÁªÀwUÀ¼À£ÀqÀÄ«£À ªÀåvÁå¸ÀªÉà ¥ÁæxÀ«ÄPÀ PÉÆgÀvÉAiÀiÁVzÉ. CxÀªÁ 1
¥ÁæxÀ«ÄPÀ PÉÆgÀvÉ = PÉÆòÃAiÀÄ PÉÆgÀvÉ -¤ªÀé¼À §rØ ¥ÁªÀwUÀ¼ÀÄ

16) ªÀÄÄPÀÛ DyðPÀvÉ JAzÀgÉ K£ÉAzÀÄ CxÉÊð¸ÀÄ«j?
GvÀÛgÀ MAzÀÄ gÁμÀÖçªÀÅ ««zsÀ ªÀiÁUÀðUÀ½AzÀ dUÀwÛ£À EvÀgÀ gÁμÀÖçUÀ¼À eÉÆvÉ ªÀåªÀºÀj¸ÀĪÀÅzÀ£ÀÄß ªÀÄÄPÀÛ DyðPÀvÉ 1
J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
¨sÁUÀ - ©
V. PɼÀV£À AiÀiÁªÀÅzÁzÀgÀÆ DgÀÄ ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ ¸ÀĪÀiÁgÀÄ 4 ªÁPÀåUÀ¼À°è GvÀÛj¹. 6X 2=12

17) C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÀ±Àð DAiÉÄÌAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¤zsÀðj¸ÀĪÀ CA±ÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀnÖ ªÀiÁr.
GvÀÛgÀ 1. C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀÄ 2
2. C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ
3. ¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ §zÀ°PÉ zÀgÀ (MRS)
4. ¸ÀgÀQ£À ¨É¯É
18) ¨ÉÃrPÉ ¤AiÀĪÀĪÀ£ÀÄß w½¹.
GvÀÛgÀ EvÀgÉ CA±ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ¹ÜgÀªÁVzÁÝUÀ MAzÀÄ ¸ÀgÀQ£À ¨É¯É ºÉZÁÑzÁUÀ CzÀgÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄÄ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀÄvÀÛzÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ 2
MAzÀÄ ¸ÀgÀQ£À ¨É¯É PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁzÁUÀ CzÀgÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄÄ ºÉZÀÄÑvÀÛzÉ.
EzÀÄ ¨É¯É ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄ £ÀqÀÄ«£À IÄuÁvÀäPÀ ¸ÀA§AzsÀªÀ£ÀÄß «ªÀj¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
19) ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ «zsÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¹.
GvÀÛgÀ 1. KjPÉ ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt (IRS) 2

2. ¹ÜgÀ ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt (CRS)
3. E½PÉAiÀÄ ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt (DRS)
20) ¢ÃWÁðªÀ¢ü ªÉZÀÑUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ºÉ¸Àj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ 1. ¢ÃWÁðªÀ¢ü ¸ÀgÁ¸Àj ªÉZÀÑ (LRAC) 2

2. ¢ÃWÁðªÀ¢ü ¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ ªÉZÀÑ (LRMC)
21) £Á®ÄÌ GvÁàzÀ£ÁAUÀUÀ¼ÁªÀŪÀÅ? CªÀÅUÀ¼À ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À£ÀÄß ºÉ¸Àj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ 1. ¨sÀÆ«Ä - UÉÃt 2
2. ±ÀæªÀÄ – PÀÆ°
3. §AqÀªÁ¼À - §rØ
4. ¸ÀAWÀl£É - ¯Á¨sÀ

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22) £ÁªÀĪÀiÁvÀæ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ £ÉÊd GDPUÀ¼À £ÀqÀÄ«£À ªÀåvÁå¸ÀªÀ£ÀÄß §gɬÄj.
GvÀÛgÀ £ÁªÀĪÀiÁvÀæ GDP £ÉÊd GDP 2

1. gÁ¶ÖçÃAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀĪÀ£ÀÄß ZÁ°Û ªÀµÀðzÀ 1. gÁ¶ÖçÃAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀĪÀ£ÀÄß DzsÁgÀ ªÀµÀð/ ¹ÜgÀ
¨É¯ÉUÀ¼À°è ªÀiÁ¥À£À ªÀiÁqÀÄvÀÛzÉ. ªÀµÀðzÀ ¨É¯ÉUÀ¼À°è ªÀiÁ¥À£À ªÀiÁqÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
2. EzÀÄ GvÁàzÀ£Á ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ¯ÁèzÀ ªÁ¸ÀÛ«PÀ 2. EzÀÄ GvÁàzÀ£Á ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ¯ÁèzÀ ªÁ¸ÀÛ«PÀ
§zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀÆa¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è. §zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¸ÀÄvÉÛzÉ.
23) £ÀUÀzÀÄ «ÄøÀ®Ä C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ±Á¸À£À§zÀÞ zÀæªÀåvÉAiÀÄ C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀUÀ¼À CxÀð ¤Ãr.
GvÀÛgÀ £ÀUÀzÀÄ «ÄøÀ®Ä C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀ (CRR) – MAzÀÄ ¨ÁåAPÀÄ vÀ£Àß MlÄÖ oÉêÀtÂAiÀÄ°è PÉÃAzÀæ ¨ÁåAQ£À°è £ÀUÀzÀÄ 2
«ÄøÀ¯ÁV EqÀ¯ÉèÉÃPÁzÀ ±ÉÃPÀqÁªÁgÀÄ ªÉÆvÀÛªÀ£ÀÄß £ÀUÀzÀÄ «ÄøÀ®Ä C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
±Á¸À£À§zÀÞ zÀæªÀåvÁ C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀ (SLR) – MAzÀÄ ¨ÁåAPÀÄ vÀ£Àß MlÄÖ oÉêÀtÂAiÀÄ°è ±Á¸À£À§zÀÞªÁV vÀ£Àß
§½AiÉÄà ElÄÖPÉƼÀî¨ÉÃPÁzÀ £ÀUÀzÀÄ, a£Àß ¸ÀPÁðj ¨sÀzÀævÉUÀ¼À ªÉÆvÀÛªÀ£ÀÄß ±Á¸À£À§zÀÞ zÀæªÀåvÁ C£ÀÄ¥ÁvÀ
J£À߯ÁUÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
24) ºÀtzÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄ JgÀqÀÄ GzÉÝñÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß w½¹.
GvÀÛgÀ 1. ªÀåªÀºÁgÀzÀ GzÉÝñÀ 2
2. ¸ÀmÁÖªÁå¥ÁgÀzÀ GzÉÝñÀ
25) C=150+0.5Y, ¤ÃrgÀĪÀ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃUÀ ©A§PÀªÁVzÀÄÝ, ¸ÁéAiÀÄvÀÛ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃUÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ MPCAiÀÄ ªÀiË®åªÀ£ÀÄß
UÀÄgÀÄw¹.
GvÀÛgÀ ¸ÁéAiÀÄvÀÛ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃUÀ = 150 2
MPC ªÀiË®å = 0.5
26) ¥ÀÄPÀÌmÉ ¸ÀªÁgÀgÉAzÀgÉ AiÀiÁgÀÄ? CªÀgÀ£ÀÄß KPÉ ºÁUÉ PÀgÉAiÀÄÄvÁÛgÉ?
GvÀÛgÀ ºÀt ¥ÁªÀw¸ÀzÉà ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß §¼À¸ÀĪÀªÀgÀ£ÀÄß ‘¥ÀÄPÀÌmÉ ¸ÀªÁgÀgÀÄ’ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ. 2
C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄÄ GavÀªÁV ¥ÀqÉzÀÄzÀPÉÌ EªÀgÀÄ ¸Àé EZÉÒ¬ÄAzÀ AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà ¥ÁªÀw ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅ¢®è ºÁUÁV
CªÀgÀ£ÀÄß ºÁUÉ PÀgÉAiÀÄÄvÁÛgÉ.
¨sÁUÀ - ¹
VI F PɼÀV£À AiÀiÁªÀÅzÁzÀgÀÆ LzÀÄ ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ ¥ÀæwAiÉÆAzÀPÀÆÌ 12 ªÁPÀåUÀ¼À°è GvÀÛj¹. 5 x4=20

27) MAzÀÄ ¸ÀgÀ¼À DyðPÀvÉAiÀÄ°è PÀȶ PÀÄlÄA§, £ÉÃPÁgÀ, ²PÀëPÀgÀÄ ¸ÀA¥À£ÀÆä®UÀ¼À£ÀÄß §¼À¹ ºÉÃUÉ vÀªÀÄä CUÀvÀåUÀ¼À£ÀÄß
¥ÀÆgÉʹPÉƼÀÄîvÁÛgÉ JA§ÄzÀ£ÀÄß ¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛªÁV «ªÀj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ MAzÀÄ DyðPÀvÉAiÀÄ°è£À ¸ÀA¥À£ÀÆä®UÀ¼ÀÄ «ÄwAiÀiÁVªÉ, DzÀgÉ d£ÀgÀ §AiÀÄPÉUÀ¼ÀÄ C¥Àj«ÄvÀªÁVªÉ. 4
ºÁUÁV PÉÆgÉvÉAiÀÄ ¸ÀA¥À£ÀÆä®UÀ¼ÀÄ GAmÁVzÉ. DyðPÀvÉAiÀÄ°è ¤zsÁðgÀ vÉUÉzÀÄPÉƼÀÄîªÀ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
®¨sÀå«gÀĪÀ «ÄvÀªÁzÀ ¸ÀA¥À£ÀÆä®UÀ¼À£ÀÄß §¼À¹ PÉ®ªÀÅ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÉêÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß GvÁࢸÀÄvÀÛzÉ. ªÀÄvÀÄÛ
EvÀgÀgÀÄ CUÀvÀåªÁzÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÉêÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß GvÁࢸÀ®Ä GvÁÛ¢¸ÀàlÖ PÉ®ªÀÅ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß
§¼À¹PÉƼÀÄîvÁÛgÉ.
GzÁ: M§â PÀȶPÀ£ÀÄ vÀ£Àß°ègÀĪÀ ¸ÀA¥À£ÀÆä®UÀ½AzÀ zsÁ£ÀåUÀ¼À£ÀÄß GvÁࢹ MAzÀÄ ¨sÁUÀªÀ£ÀÄß
C£ÀĨsÉÆÃUÀÀPÉÌ §¼À¹ G½zÀ ¨sÁUÀªÀ£ÀÄß £ÉÃPÁgÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ²PÀëPÀjUÉ ¤ÃqÀĪÀ ªÀÄÆ®PÀ §mÉÖ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ²PÀëtzÀ
¸ÉêÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀæªÀĪÁV ¥ÀqÉAiÀÄ®Ä §¼À¸À§ºÀÄzÀÄ.
- M§â £ÉÃPÁgÀ£ÀÄ vÀ£Àß°ègÀĪÀ ºÀwÛ, £ÀÆ®Ä EvÁå¢UÀ½AzÀ vÀAiÀiÁj¹zÀ §mÉÖAiÀÄ£ÀÄß «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁr
vÀ£ÀUÉ ¨ÉÃPÁzÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÉêÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀqÉAiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ.
- ²PÀëPÀgÀÄ vÀªÀÄä P˱À®å¢AzÀ «zÁåyðUÀ½UÉ ¨ÉÆâü¹ ¸ÉÃªÉ ¤ÃqÀĪÀ ªÀÄÆ®PÀ ºÀt ¸ÀA¥Á¢¹ vÀªÀÄUÉ
¨ÉÃPÁzÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ, ¸ÉêÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀqÉAiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ.
(¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ «ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)

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28) §eÉmï UÀtªÀ£ÀÄß gÉÃSÁavÀæzÀ ¸ÀºÁAiÀÄ¢AzÀ ¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛªÁV «ªÀj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄÄ vÀ£Àß DzÁAiÀÄPÉÌ ¸ÀªÀÄ£ÁzÀ ¤¢ðµÀÖ ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ JgÀqÀÄ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÉÆAqÀÄPÉƼÀÀÄzÁzÀ 2+2
¸ÀAAiÉÆÃd£ÉUÀ¼À ¸ÀAUÀæºÀªÀ£ÀÄß §eÉmï UÀt J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
• ¸ÀzÁªÀPÁ±À UÀt
• P1X1 + P2X2 ≤ M
• ¸ÁzsÀåvÁ ¸ÀAAiÉÆÃd£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ – (0, 0) (0, 1)…..

(«ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
29) ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PɼÀzÀeÉð ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À £ÀqÀÄ«£À ªÀåvÁå¸ÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß GzÁºÀgÀuÉUÀ¼ÉÆA¢UÉ ¥ÀnÖ ªÀiÁr.
GvÀÛgÀ ¸ÁªÀiÁ£Àå ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ PɼÀzÀeÉð ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ 2+2

1) C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀÄ ºÉZÁÑzÀAvÉ MAzÀÄ 1) C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀÄ ºÉZÁÑzÀAvÉ MAzÀÄ
¸ÀgÀQ£À ¨ÉÃrPÉ ºÉZÁÑUÀĪÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ. ¸ÀgÀQ£À ¨ÉÃrPÉ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀĪÀ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼ÀÄ.
2) GzÁ: DºÁgÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ §mÉÖ EvÁå¢. 2) GzÁ: £ÀªÀuÉ, ¸ÀeÉÓ, ¨Á°ð, DPÀð, gÁV,
EvÁå¢UÀ¼ÀÄ.
3) ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À ¨ÉÃrPÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ 3) ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À ¨ÉÃrPÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVAiÀÄ DzÁAiÀÄzÀ
DzÁAiÀÄzÀ £ÀqÀÄªÉ zsÀ£ÁvÀäPÀ ¸ÀA§AzsÀ«zÉ. £ÀqÀÄªÉ IÄuÁvÀäPÀ ¸ÀA§AzsÀ«zÉ.
4) E°è ¨ÉÃrPÉ gÉÃSÉ DzÁAiÀÄ ºÉZÁÑzÀgÉ 4) E°è ¨ÉÃrPÉ gÉÃSÉ DzÁAiÀÄ ºÉZÁÑzÀgÉ JqÀ¨sÁUÀPÉÌ,
§®¨sÁUÀPÉÌ, DzÁAiÀÄ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁzÀgÉ DzÁAiÀÄ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁzÀgÉ §®¨sÁUÀPÉÌ
JqÀ¨sÁUÀPÉÌ ¥À®èlUÉƼÀÄîvÀÛzÉ. ¥À®èlUÉƼÀÄîvÀÛzÉ.
30) F PɼÀV£À PÉÆÃμÀÖPÀªÀÅ MAzÀÄ ¥Àj¥ÀÆtð ¥ÉÊ¥ÉÆÃn GzÀåªÀÄzÀ MlÄÖ DzÁAiÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ MlÄÖ ªÉZÀÑzÀ ¥ÀnÖAiÀÄ£ÀÄß
vÉÆÃj¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ. ¥Àæw GvÀà£Àß ºÀAvÀzÀ ¯Á¨sÀªÀ£ÀÄß ¯ÉPÀÌ ªÀiÁr ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀgÀQ£À ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¤zsÀðj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ ªÀiÁgÁlzÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁt (Q) TR (gÀÆ.UÀ¼À°è) TC (gÀÆ.UÀ¼À°è) ¯Á¨sÀ 4

0 0 5 -5
1 10 7 3
2 20 10 10
3 30 12 18
4 40 25 15
5 50 40 10
6 60 60 0
7 70 75 -5
31) ¨ÉÃrPÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉAiÀÄ KPÀPÁ°PÀ ¥À®èlUÀ½AzÀ ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£ÀzÀ ªÉÄð£À ¥ÀjuÁªÀĪÀ£ÀÄß vÉÆÃj¸ÀĪÀ
PÉÆÃμÀÖPÀªÀ£ÀÄß §gɬÄj.

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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GvÀÛgÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄ°è ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉAiÀÄ°è 4
¥ÀæªÀiÁt ¨É¯É
¥À®èl ¥À®èl
▪ ºÉZÁÑUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
§®UÀqÉUÉ §®UÀqÉUÉ ºÉZÁÑUÀÄvÀÛzÉ ▪ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
▪ §zÀ¯ÁUÀzÉà G½AiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ
▪ ºÉZÁÑUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
JqÀUÀqÉUÉ JqÀUÀqÉUÉ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀÄvÀÛzÉ ▪ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
▪ §zÀ¯ÁUÀzÉÃG½AiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ

▪ ºÉZÁÑUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
JqÀUÀqÉUÉ §®UÀqÉUÉ ▪ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀÄvÀÛzÉ
▪ §zÀ¯ÁUÀzÉà G½AiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ
▪ ºÉZÁÑUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ
§®UÀqÉUÉ JqÀUÀqÉUÉ ▪ PÀrªÉÄAiÀiÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ ºÉZÁÑUÀÄvÀÛzÉ
▪ §zÀ¯ÁUÀzÉà G½AiÀħºÀÄzÀÄ
32) C©üªÀÈ¢Þ ºÉÆA¢zÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ C©üªÀȢ޲î zÉñÀUÀ¼ÉgÀqÀgÀ°è ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ (gÁdå) ªÀÄvÀÄÛ PÀÄlÄA§ ªÀ®AiÀÄUÀ¼À
¥ÁvÀæªÀ£ÀÄß ZÀað¹.
GvÀÛgÀ ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ (gÁdå) ¥ÁvÀæ 2+2
1) PÁ£ÀÆ£ÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß gÀƦ¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ eÁjUÉ vÀÄgÀĪÀÅzÀÄ.
2) C©üªÀÈ¢Ý PÁAiÀÄðUÀ¼ÀÄ
3) GvÁàzÀ£ÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß PÉÊUÉƼÀÄîªÀÅzÀÄ.
4) vÉjUÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀAUÀ滸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ
5) ªÀÄÆ®¨sÀÆvÀ ¸ËPÀAiÀÄðUÀ£ÀÄß MzÀV¸ÀĪÀÅzÀÄ – DgÉÆÃUÀå, ²PÀët, £ÉʪÀÄð°åÃPÀgÀt, ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ
Ev猢.
PÀÄlÄA§ ªÀ®AiÀÄUÀ¼À ¥ÁvÀæ
1) ¤zsÁðgÀPÀ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
2) GvÁàzÀ£É ªÀÄvÀÄÛ C£ÀĨsÉÆÃUÀzÀ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
3) ±ÀæªÀÄzÀ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉzÁgÀgÀÄ (GvÁàzÀ£ÁAUÀUÀ¼ÀÄ)
4) GvÁàzÀ£ÁAUÀUÀ½UÉ ¥Àæw¥sÀ®UÀ¼À£ÀÄß UÀ½¸ÀÄvÁÛgÉ
5) ¸ÀgÀPÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÉêÉUÀ½UÉ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¸ÀȶָÀÄvÁÛgÉ.
(¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ «ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
33) ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀÄjvÀÄ §gɬÄj.
GvÀÛgÀ MAzÀÄ GzÀåªÀÄ WÀlPÀªÀÅ E£ÉÆßAzÀÄ GzÀåªÀÄ WÀlPÀPÉÌ CxÀªÁ M§â ªÀåQÛ E£ÉÆߧ⠪ÀåQÛUÉ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀ 2+2
¥ÀæAiÉÆÃd£À CxÀªÁ ºÁ¤UÀ½UÉ ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼À°è zsÀ£ÁvÀäPÀ ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ IÄuÁvÀäPÀ ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼ÉA§ JgÀqÀÄ «zsÀUÀ½ªÉ.
1) zsÀ£ÁvÀäPÀ ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ – C£ÀÄPÀÆ®vÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß MzÀV¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ. PÉÊUÁjPÉUÀ¼À ¸ÁÜ¥À£É¬ÄAzÀ GzÉÆåÃUÀªÀPÁ±ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ
¸ÀȶÖAiÀiÁUÀÄvÀÛªÉ.
2) IÄuÁvÀäPÀ ¨ÁºÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ – C£Á£ÀÄPÀÆ®vÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸ÀȶָÀÄvÀÛzÉ. PÉÊUÁjPÉUÀ¼À ¸ÁÜ¥À£É¬ÄAzÀ ªÀiÁ°£Àå
ºÉZÁÑUÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
(¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ «ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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34) ºÀÆrPÉ ©A§PÀªÀ£ÀÄß gÉÃSÁavÀæzÉÆA¢UÉ «ªÀj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ gÁµÀÖçzÀ §AqÀªÁ¼À ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À ¨sËwPÀ ¸ÀAUÀæºÀuÉUÉ DUÀĪÀ ºÉƸÀ ¸ÉÃ¥ÀðqÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ºÀÆrPÉ J£ÀÄߪÀgÀÄ. 3+1
ºÀÆrPÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ DzÁAiÀÄzÀ £ÀqÀÄ«£À QæAiÀiÁªÀ®A© ¸ÀA§AzsÀªÀ£ÀÄß ºÀÆrPÉ ©A§PÀ J£ÀÄߪÀgÀÄ.
¸ÁéAiÀÄvÀÛ ºÀÆrPÉAiÀÄ ¸À¤ßêÉñÀzÀ°è ºÀÆrPÉAiÀÄ ©A§PÀªÀÅ I=I DVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.

(¸ÀAQë¥ÀÛ «ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
35) ¸ÀAzÁAiÀÄ ¨ÁQAiÀÄ §AqÀªÁ¼À SÁvÉAiÀÄ ¨sÁUÀUÀ¼À ¥ÀlªÀ£ÀÄß §gɬÄj.
GvÀÛgÀ 4

¨sÁUÀ - r
VII F PɼÀV£À AiÀiÁªÀÅzÁzÀgÀÆ ªÀÄÆgÀÄ ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ ¥ÀæwAiÉÆAzÀPÀÆÌ 20 ªÁPÀåUÀ¼À°è GvÀÛj¹. 3x6=18
36) OzÁ¹Ã£Àå ªÀPÀægÉÃSÉAiÀÄ ®PÀëtUÀ¼À£ÀÄß gÉÃSÁavÀæUÀ¼ÉÆA¢UÉ ¸ÀàμÀÖ¥Àr¹.

GvÀÛgÀ 1. OzÁ¹Ã£Àå ªÀPÀægÉÃSÉAiÀÄÄ JqÀ¢AzÀ §®PÉÌ E½ªÀÄÄRªÁVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.: MRS 2+2+2

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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2. JvÀÛgÀzÀ OzÁ¹Ã£Àå ªÀPÀægÉÃSÉAiÀÄÄ ºÉaÑ£À ªÀÄlÖzÀ vÀĶÖUÀÄtªÀ£ÀÄß ¤ÃqÀÄvÀÛzÉ:

m

3. JgÀqÀÄ OzÁ¹Ã£Àå ªÀPÀægÉÃSÉUÀ¼ÀÄ JA¢UÀÆ MAzÀ£ÉÆßAzÀÄ bÉâ¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è:

(«ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
37) ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉ gÉÃSÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß gÉÃSÁavÀæzÉÆA¢UÉ «ªÀj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉ gÉÃSÉAiÀÄÄ GzÀåªÀÄ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖAiÀÄ ««zsÀ ¨É¯ÉUÀ¼À°è GvÁࢸÀĪÀ GvÀà£Àß 2+2+2
ªÀÄlÖUÀ¼À£ÀÄß vÉÆÃj¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ. MAzÀÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖAiÀÄ°è 1, 2, 3 EvÁå¢ n ¸ÀASÉåAiÀĵÀÄÖ GzÀåªÀÄWÀlPÀUÀ½zÀÄÝ,
ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¨É¯É p £À°è GzÀåªÀÄ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ¥ÀÆgÉʹzÀ MlÄÖ ªÉÆvÀÛªÉà ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉAiÀiÁVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ

(Û «ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
38) ¤¢ðμÀÖ ªÀμÀðzÀ°è ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¨É¯ÉUÀ¼À°è MAzÀÄ zÉñÀzÀ GDPAiÀÄÄ gÀÆ. 4000 PÉÆÃn EzÉ JAzÀÄPÉƼÉÆîÃt.
«zÉñÀUÀ½AzÀ ¤ªÀé¼À GvÁàzÀ£ÁAUÀ DzÁAiÀÄ (NFIA) gÀÆ.500 PÉÆÃn EzÉ. ¸ÀªÀPÀ½ ªÉZÀÑ gÀÆ. 450 PÉÆÃn
ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¤ªÀé¼À ¥ÀgÉÆÃPÀë vÉjUÉUÀ¼À ªÀiË®å (NIT) gÀÆ. 300 PÉÆÃn EzÉ. F PɼÀV£À PÉÆÃμÀÖPÀªÀ£ÀÄß ¥ÀÆtðUÉƽ¹.
IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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GvÀÛgÀ ªÀiË®åUÀ¼ÀÄ (PÉÆÃn 6
C£À£ÀåvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ
gÀÆ.UÀ¼À°è) ¯ÉPÁÌZÁgÀ
GDPMP 4000
GDPFC 3700 GDPFC = GDPMP – NIT = 4000 – 300 = 3700
NDPMP 3550 NDPMP = GDPMP – Dep = 4000 – 450 = 3550
NDPFC 3250 NDPFC = NDPMP – NIT = 3550 – 300 = 3250
GNPMP 4500 GNPMP = GDPMP + NFIA = 4000+500 = 4500
GNPFC 4200 GNPFC = GNPMP – NIT = 4500 – 300 = 4200
NNPMP 4050 NNPMP = GNPMP – Dep= 4500 – 450 = 4050
39) ºÀtzÀ PÁAiÀÄðUÀ¼À£ÀÄß «ªÀj¹. EzÀÄ ºÉÃUÉ ¸Án «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ¥ÀzÀÞwAiÀÄ zÉÆÃμÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¤ªÁj¹vÀÄ?
GvÀÛgÀ ¸ÀªÀðjAzÀ®Æ ¹éÃPÀj¸À®àlÖ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁzÀåªÀĪÁV ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£ÀzÀ ¸ÁzsÀ£ÀªÁV PÁAiÀÄð 6
¤ªÀð»¸ÀĪÀ AiÀiÁªÀÅzÉà ªÀ¸ÀÄÛªÀ£ÀÄß ºÀt J£ÀÄߪÀgÀÄ.
ºÀtzÀ PÁAiÀÄðUÀ¼ÀÄ:
(J) «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁzsÀåªÀÄ
(©) ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£À ¸ÁzsÀ£À
(¹) ªÀiË®å ªÀUÁðªÀuÁ ¸ÁzsÀ£À
(r) ªÀiË®å ¸ÀAUÁæºÀPÀ
ºÀtªÀ£ÀÄß ªÀiÁzsÀåªÀĪÁV §¼À¼À¸ÀzÉà £ÀqÉAiÀÄĪÀ DyðPÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¸Án «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ¥ÀzÀÞw J£ÀÄߪÀgÀÄ.
CAzÀgÉ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ½UÉ ¸ÀgÀPÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß £ÉÃgÀªÁV «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁrPÉƼÀĪÀ ªÀ¸ÀÄÛ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ¥ÀzÀÞwAiÀiÁVzÉ.
¸Án «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ¥ÀzÀÞwAiÀÄ°è ºÀ®ªÁgÀÄ £ÀÆå£ÀvÉUÀ¼ÀÄ PÀAqÀħAzÀªÀÅ. CªÀÅUÀ¼ÉAzÀgÉ
1) §AiÀÄPÉUÀ¼À ¢éªÀÄÄR ºÉÆAzÁtÂPÀAiÉÄ ¸ÀªÀĸÉå
2) ªÀiË®åªÀiÁ¥À£ÀzÀ PÉÆgÀvÉ
3) «¨sÀd£ÉAiÀÄ PÉÆgÀvÉ
4) ¸ÀA¥ÀwÛ£À ªÀiË®å ¸ÀAUÀæºÀzÀ PÉÆgÀvÉ
5) ¸Á® ªÀåªÀºÁgÀzÀ vÉÆAzÀgÉ («ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)
40) ¹ÜgÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀUÀ¼À UÀÄt ªÀÄvÀÄÛ zÉÆÃμÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¥ÀnÖ ªÀiÁr.
GvÀÛgÀ J) ¹ÜgÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀ: ¸ÀPÁðgÀ MAzÀÄ ¤¢ðµÀÖ ªÀÄlÖzÀ°è «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀ ¤UÀ¢ü¥Àr¸ÀĪÀÅzÀPÉÌ ¹ÜgÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ 3+3
zÀgÀ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
UÀÄtUÀ¼ÀÄ: ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ ¥ÁvÀæ ¥ÀæªÀÄÄR - «zÉò «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖUÉ ¹ÜgÀvÉ - zÉñÀ zÉñÀUÀ¼À £ÀqÀĪÉ
¸ÀÄ®°vÀ «zÉò §AqÀªÁ¼À ºÀj«£À ¹ÜwAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¤«Äð¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ. - ¸ÀgÀPÁgÀªÀÅ ªÀÄzsÀå¥ÀæªÉò¹ vÀ£Àß
C¢üPÀÈvÀ «ÄøÀ®ÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß §¼À¸ÀĪÀ ªÀÄÆ®PÀ ¸ÀAzÁAiÀÄ ¨ÁQ CAvÀgÀªÀ£ÀÄß ¸Àj¥Àr¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
zÉÆÃμÀUÀ¼ÀÄ: ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ ¤ªÀðºÀuÉAiÀÄ ¸ÁªÀÄxÀåðzÀ §UÉÎ ¸ÀAzÉúÀPÉÌ PÁgÀt - ¸ÀPÁðgÀ ºÀtzÀ C¥ÀªÀiË®åªÀ£ÀÄß
ªÀiÁqÀ§ºÀÄzÉA§ GºÁ¥ÉÆúÀPÉÌ PÁgÀtªÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ.
©) §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀ: ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ §®UÀ¼ÁzÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉUÀ½AzÀ ¤zsÁðgÀªÁUÀĪÀ
«¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀªÀ£ÀÄß §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ zÀgÀ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
UÀÄtUÀ¼ÀÄ: ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ ¥ÁvÀæ«gÀĪÀÅ¢®è. - ¸ÀgÀPÁgÀPÉÌ «zÉò «¤ªÀÄAiÀÄ «ÄøÀ®ÄUÀ¼À ºÉaÑ£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁtzÀ
¸ÀAUÀæºÀUÀ¼À ¤ªÀðºÀuÉ CUÀvÀå«gÀĪÀÅ¢®è. - ¸ÀéAiÀÄAZÁ°vÀªÁV ¸Àj¥Àr¸ÀÄvÀÛzÉ. ºÀtPÁ¹£À
¤ÃwUÀ¼À ¤ªÀðºÀuÉAiÀÄ°è ¸ÁévÀAvÀæöå
zÉÆÃμÀUÀ¼ÀÄ: ¸ÀPÁðgÀ ªÀÄzsÀå ¥ÀæªÉò¸ÀĪÀÅ¢®è. - C¹ÜgÀvÉAiÀÄ ¸À¤ßªÉñÀ ¸Àȶ×AiÀiÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ. - ¸ÀmÁÖ ªÁå¥ÁgÀPÉÌ
EzÀÄ PÁgÀtªÁUÀ§ºÀÄzÀÄ.
(«ªÀgÀuÉ CUÀvÀå)

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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¨sÁUÀ-E
VIII F PɼÀV£À AiÀiÁªÀÅzÁzÀgÀÆ JgÀqÀÄ PÁAiÀÄð¨sÁgÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¤AiÉÆÃfvÀ DzsÁjvÀ ¥Àæ±ÉßUÀ½UÉ GvÀÛj¹. 2x5=10
41 F PɼÀV£À PÉÆõÀÖPÀzÀ°è PÁuÉAiÀiÁzÀ GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À£ÀÄß PÀAqÀÄ»r¬Äj.
GvÀÛgÀ GvÁàzÀ£ÁAUÀ (L) TPL MPL APL 5

0 0 0 0
1 15 15 15
2 25 10 12.5
3 50 25 16.66
4 60 10 15
5 68 8 13.60
42) F PɼÀV£À PÉÆõÀÖPÀPÉÌ MAzÀÄ gÉÃSÁavÀæªÀ£ÀÄß gÀa¹ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ gÉÃSÁavÀæzÀ°è ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ©AzÀÄ,
¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¨É¯É, ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt, C¢üPÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉ ºÁUÀÆ C¢üPÀ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉUÀ¼À£ÀÄß UÀÄgÀÄw¹.
P QD QS
1 25 5
2 20 10
3 15 15
4 10 20
5 5 25
GvÀÛgÀ 5

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

10
43) ¤ªÀÄä PÀÄlÄA§zÀ ªÀiÁ¹PÀ DzÁAiÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉZÀÑUÀ¼À£ÉÆß¼ÀUÉÆAqÀ MAzÀÄ G½vÁAiÀÄ ªÀÄÄAUÀqÀ¥ÀvÀæªÀ£ÀÄß vÀAiÀiÁj¹.
GvÀÛgÀ MAzÀÄ PÀÄlÄA§zÀ ªÀiÁ¹PÀ DzÁAiÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÉZÀÑUÀ¼À£ÉÆß¼ÀUÉÆAqÀ MAzÀÄ G½vÁAiÀÄ ªÀÄÄAUÀqÀ ¥ÀvÀæ 5

DzÁAiÀÄzÀ ªÀÄÆ®UÀ¼ÀÄ ªÉZÀÑzÀ ¨Á§ÄÛUÀ¼ÀÄ

1. PÀȶ GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À ªÀiÁgÁl 5,000-00 1. ¢£À¹ ªÉZÀÑ 4,000-00
2. PÀÆ° PÉ®¸ÀzÀ ªÉÃvÀ£À 2,000-00 2. ²PÀët 2,000-00
3. ºÁ®Ä ªÀiÁgÁl 1,500-00 3. ¸ÁjUÉ ªÉZÀÑ 1,000-00
4. PÉÆý ¸ÁPÁ½PÉ 1,000-00 4. DgÉÆÃUÀå ªÉZÀÑ 2,000-00
5. EvÀgÉ ªÀÄÆ®UÀ¼ÀÄ 500-00 5. EvÀgÉ ªÉZÀÑ 500-00
MlÄÖ DzÁAiÀÄ 10,000-00 MlÄÖ ªÉZÀÑUÀ¼ÀÄ 9,500-00

¨sÁUÀ – J¥sï
(zÀ馅 «PÀ®ZÉÃvÀ£À «zÁåyðUÀ½UÉ ªÀiÁvÀæ)
41 TP, MP & APUÀ¼À CxÀðªÀ£ÀÄß ¤Ãr.
GvÀÛgÀ 1 MlÄÖ GvÀà£Àß Total Product: EvÀgÉ J¯Áè DzÁ£ÀUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ¹ÜgÀªÁV¹ §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ DzÁ£À ªÀÄvÀÄÛ GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À 5
£ÀqÀÄ«£À ¸ÀA§AzsÀªÀ£ÀÄß §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ DzÁ£ÀzÀ MlÄÖ GvÀà£Àß CxÀªÁ MlÄÖ ¨sËwPÀ GvÀà£Àß J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ. EzÀÄ
¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À MlÄÖ ªÉÆvÀÛªÁVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.
TP=∑MP [ ∑MP= ¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ GvÀà£ÀßUÀ¼À MlÄÖ ªÉÆvÀÛ ]
2 ¸ÀgÁ¸Àj GvÀà£Àß Average Product: §zÀ¯ÁUÀĪÀ DzÁ£ÀzÀ ¥Àæw AiÀÄƤmï£À GvÀà£ÀߪÀ£ÀÄß ¸ÀgÁ¸Àj
GvÀà£Àß J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ. MlÄÖ GvÀà£ÀߪÀ£ÀÄß DzÁ£ÀzÀ WÀlPÀ¢AzÀ ¨sÁV¹zÁUÀ ¹UÀĪÀ ªÀiË®åªÁVgÀÄvÀÛzÉ.

AP= [ TP = MlÄÖ GvÀà£Àß, L = ±ÀæªÀÄzÀ WÀlPÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ]
3. ¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ GvÀà£Àß Marginal Product: EvÀgÉ J¯Áè DzÁ£ÀUÀ¼ÀÄ ¹ÜgÀªÁVzÀÄÝ, MAzÀÄ DzÁ£ÀzÀ ¥Àæw
AiÀÄĤmï£À §zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉUÉ GvÀà£ÀßzÀ¯ÁèUÀĪÀ §zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß ¹ÃªÀiÁAvÀ GvÀà£Àß J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.

MP= MPL = TPn – TPn-1

[ ΔTP = MlÄÖ GvÀà£ÀßzÀ°è£À §zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉ, ΔL = DzÁ£ÀzÀ°è£À §zÀ¯ÁªÀuÉ ]
42 ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À, ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¨É¯É, ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt, C¢üPÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉ ºÁUÀÆ C¢üPÀ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉUÀ¼À
CxÀðªÀ£ÀÄß ¤Ãr.
GvÀÛgÀ 1) ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖAiÀÄ°è ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À: ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖAiÀÄ°è£À J¯Áè C£ÀĨsÉÆÃVUÀ¼ÀÄ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ J¯Áè GzÀåªÀÄWÀlPÀUÀ¼À 5
AiÉÆÃd£ÉUÀ¼ÀÄ ºÉÆAzÁtÂPÉAiÀiÁUÀĪÀ MAzÀÄ ¸À¤ßªÉñÀªÀ£ÀÄß ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
2) ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¨É¯É: AiÀiÁªÀ ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ°è ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£ÀªÀ£ÀÄß vÀ®Ä¥À¯ÁUÀÄvÀÛzÉAiÉÆà D ¨É¯ÉUÉ ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À
¨É¯É J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
3) ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt: ¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ°è Rjâ¹zÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ªÀiÁgÁl ªÀiÁqÀ¯ÁzÀ ¥ÀæªÀiÁtªÀ£ÀÄß
¸ÀªÀÄvÉÆî£À ¥ÀæªÀiÁt J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
4) C¢üPÀ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉ: AiÀiÁªÀ MAzÀÄ ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ°è ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉAiÀÄÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¨ÉÃrPÉVAvÀ
C¢üPÀªÁVgÀÄvÀÛzÉAiÉÆà CzÀ£ÀÄß C¢üPÀ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.
5) C¢üPÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉ: AiÀiÁªÀ ¨É¯ÉAiÀÄ°è ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¨ÉÃrPÉAiÀÄÄ ªÀiÁgÀÄPÀmÉÖ ¥ÀÆgÉÊPÉAiÀÄ£ÀÄß «ÄÃgÀÄvÀÛzÉAiÉÆà CzÀ£ÀÄß
C¢üPÀ ¨ÉÃrPÉ J£ÀÄßvÁÛgÉ.

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

11
KARNATAKA SCHOOL EXAMINATION AND ASSESSMENT BOARD
II PUC EXAMINATION 1 - MARCH 2025
SUB: 22- ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS MAX.MARKS: 80
Sl. No PART A Marks
I Choose the correct answer 5x1=5
1 Ordinal utility analysis expresses utility in
a) Numbers b) Returns c) Ranks d) Ratios
Ans b) Ranks 1
2 Find the Total cost where TFC is 100 and TVC is 125.
a) 25 b) 125 c) 175 d) 225
Ans d) 225 1
3 The year of Great Depression is
a) 1929 b) 1889 c) 1920 d) 2018
Ans a) 1929 1
4 Easy availability of credit encourages
a) Savings b) Investment c) Rate of interest d) Disinvestment
Ans b) Investment 1
5 The consumers and producers can choose between domestic and foreign goods, this market
linkage is called
a) Financial market linkage b) Output market linkage
c) Labour market linkage d) Exchange market linkage
Ans b) Output market linkage 1
II Fill in the blanks by choosing correct answers from the bracket 5x1=5
6 In a centrally planned economy, all important decisions are taken by ______
Ans Government 1
7 Price taking behaviour is the distinguishing characteristic of ______ market.
Ans Perfect competition 1
8 Value added method is the alternative name of ____ method.
Ans Product 1
9 ______ is the only institution which can issue currency in India.
Ans RBI 1
10 ______ Year runs from 1st April to 31st March.
Ans Financial 1
III Match the Following 5x1=5
11 A B
a. Normative Economics vi. Evaluation of Mechanism 1
b. Wage rate i. VMPL 1
c. Domestic service v. Non-Monetary Exchange 1
d. M3 and M4 ii. Broad Money 1
e. Raw material iii. Intermediate goods
1

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

12
IV Answer the following questions in a sentence or word 5x1=5
12 Give an example for market economy.
Ans USA or Japan or Australia [Any country with market economy can be named] 1
13 If the demand curves of the consumers are d1(P)=20 - P and d2 (P)=15 - P respectively,
find out the market demand curve.
Ans dM(P) = 35 - 2P 1
14 CPI – Expand
Ans Consumer Price Index 1
15 What is Primary deficit?
Ans Primary deficit is the difference between fiscal deficit and net interest payment. 1
16 What do you mean by open economy?
Ans The economy which has the economic relations with rest of the world is called open
1
economy. Or An economy which has trade relations with other nations.
PART B
V Answer any six of the following questions in 4 sentences each 6x2=12
17 List out the factors that determine the optimal choice of a consumer.
Ans 1. Income of the consumer
2. Consumer’s Preferences
2
3. Marginal Rate of Substitution [MRS]
4. Price of the commodity
18 State the Law of Demand.
Ans Other things remaining constant, when the price of a good increases, its demand
decreases and when the price of a good decreases, its demand increases. Or 2
It explains the negative relationship between Price and demand.
19 Mention the types of Returns to Scale.
Ans 1. Increasing Returns to Scale [IRS]
2. Constant Returns to Scale [CRS] 2
3. Decreasing Returns to Scale [DRS]
20 Name the long run costs.
Ans 1. Long-run Marginal Cost [LMC or LRMC]
2
2. Long-run Average Cost [LAC or LRAC]
21 What are the four factors of production? Mention their rewards.
Ans 1. Land = Rent
2. Labour = Wages
2
3. Capital = Interest
4. Organisation = Profit
22 Write the differences between Nominal and Real GDP.
Ans
Nominal GDP Real GDP
1. Measures national income in current 1. Measures national income at base year
price / constant prices
2. It does not indicate the actual 2. It measures the actual changes in the
changes in the volume of production volume of production 2

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

13
23 Give the meaning of Cash Reserve Ratio and Statutory Liquidity Ratio.

Ans CRR – refers to the percentage of total deposits which a commercial bank keeps with
RBI in the form of cash.
2
SLR - refers to the percentage of total deposits which a commercial bank keeps it with
itself in the form of cash, gold and government securities.
24 State the two motives of Demand for money.

Ans 1. Transactive Motive
2
2. Speculative Motive
25 Given the consumption function, C = 150+0.5Y, identify Autonomous consumption
and MPC values.
Ans Autonomous consumption = 150
2
MPC value = 0.5
26 Who are free riders? Why are they called so?

Ans Non-Paying users are called free riders. Consumers will not voluntarily pay for what
2
they can get for free, hence they are called so.
PART C

VI Answer any five of the following questions in 12 sentences each. 5x4=20
27 Discuss how the Family Farm, Weaver and Teacher can use their resources to fulfil
their needs in a simple economy.
Ans An economy has limited resources but people have unlimited wants. It results in
scarcity of resources. The decision-making units in an economy can produce some
goods or services by using few resources they have and can use a part of their produce
to obtain the needed goods and services from others.
Example, a family farm can produce corn, use a portion of it to obtain clothing and 4
education from weaver and teacher respectively.
A weaver can get goods he wants from through the exchange of goods he produces.
A teacher can earn money by teaching and buy corn and cloth from family farm and
weaver. [Brief explanation needed]
28 Briefly explain the Budget set with the help of a diagram.
Ans Budget set is the collection of all possible bundles available to a consumer at the given
level of income and prices.
• Opportunity set
• P1X1 + P2X2 ≤ M
• Affordable Bundles – (0, 0) (0, 1)…..

2+
2

• Brief explanation of diagram is needed
IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

14
29 List out the differences between Normal goods and Inferior goods with examples.
Ans Normal Good Inferior Good
1.Demand for these goods increase with 1.Demand for these goods decrease with
the increase in consumer income the increase in consumer income
2.Ex Food and Cloth 2.Ex Unbranded goods, Millets, Ragi
3.Has positive relation between 3.Has negative relation between 2+2
consumers income and demand for consumers income and demand for
these goods these goods
4. With increase in income, demand 4.With increase in income, demand curve
curve shifts right and with decrease in shifts left and with decrease in
income demand curve shifts left. income, demand curve shifts right.
30 The following table shows the Total Revenue [TR] and Total Cost [TC] schedules
of a perfectly competitive firm. Calculate the profit at each output level.
Ans
Quantity Sold [Q] TR [in Rs] TC [in Rs] Profit [in Rs]
0 0 5 -5
1 10 7 3
2 20 10 10
3 30 12 18 4
4 40 25 15
5 50 40 10
6 60 60 0
7 70 75 -5
31 Write a table to show the impact of simultaneous shifts in demand and supply on
equilibrium.
Ans Shift in Shift in Quantity Price
demand supply
Leftwards Leftwards Decreases ▪ May increase
▪ May decrease
▪ May remain constant
Rightwards Rightwards Increases ▪ May increase
▪ May decrease 4
▪ May remain constant
Leftwards Rightwards ▪ May increase Decreases
▪ May decrease
▪ May remain constant
Rightwards Leftwards ▪ May increase Increases
▪ May decrease
▪ May remain constant
32 Discuss the role of the Government (state) and Household sectors in both developed
and developing countries.
Ans Role of Government:
1. Framing and enforcing law and order 2+2
2. Developmental functions
IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

15
3. Undertakes production
4. Collects taxes
5. Provides infrastructure – health, education, sanitation, market etc
Role of Households:
1. Decision making units
2. Production and Consumption units
3. Supplier of labour (factors of production)
4. Earns rewards from factors of production
5. Creates demand for goods and service [Brief explanation needed]
33 Write about Externalities.

Ans Externalities refers to the unintentional benefits or harms a firm or individual causes to
another firm or individual.
There are two types of externalities:
1. Positive externality - benefits caused – establishment of an industry generates 2+2
employment opportunities.
2. Negative externality – harms caused – establishment of an industry leads to
pollution. [Brief explanation needed]
34 Explain the Investment Function with diagram.

Ans Investment is defined as the addition to the existing stock of physical capital. The
Investment which is independent of changes in income or GDP is called Autonomous
Investment.

3+1

35 Present the capital account components chart of Balance of Payments.

Ans

4

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

16
PART D
VII Answer any three of the following questions in 20 sentences each. 3x6=18
36 Illustrate the features of Indifference curve with diagrams.
Ans 1.Indifference curve slopes downwards from left to right - MRS

2.Higher Indifference curve gives greater level of utility

2+2+2

3.Two indifference curves never intersect each other.

[Need explanation in detail]
37 Explain the Market supply curve with help of a diagram.
Ans Market supply curve shows the output levels that firms in the market produce in aggregate
corresponding to different values of the market price. If there are 1, 2, 3 …n number of
firms in the market, the total output supplied at market price P is the Market supply.

4+2

[Need explanation in detail]

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

17
38 Suppose the GDP at market prices of a country in a particular year is Rs.4000 crores.
Net Factor Income from Abroad [NFIA] is Rs.500 crores. The depreciation is Rs.
450 crores and the value of Net Indirect Taxes [NIT] is Rs. 300 crores. Complete the
following table.
Ans Identities Values (in Rs. Crores)
Calculation
GDPMP 4000
GDPFC 3700 GDPFC = GDPMP – NIT = 4000 – 300 = 3700
NDPMP 3550 NDPMP = GDPMP – Dep = 4000 – 450 = 3550
6
NDPFC 3250 NDPFC = NDPMP – NIT = 3550 – 300 = 3250
GNPMP 4500 GNPMP = GDPMP + NFIA = 4000+500 = 4500
GNPFC 4200 GNPFC = GNPMP – NIT = 4500 – 300 = 4200
NNPMP 4050 NNPMP = GNPMP – Dep= 4500 – 450 = 4050
39 Elucidate the functions of money. How does money overcome the shortcomings of
barter system?
Ans Money is the commonly accepted medium of exchange.
Functions of money:
1. Medium of Exchange
2. Measure of Value
3. Store of Value
4. Transfer of Value
Barter system refers to exchange of goods. Money has overcome the following 3+3
drawbacks of barter system:
1. Lack of double coincidence of wants
2. Difficult in measurement of value
3. Problem of divisibility
4. Challenges in durability and transfer of value
5. Problem of credit [Need explanation in detail]
40 List out the merits and demerits of Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates.

Ans a. Fixed Exchange Rates: refers to the exchange rate determined by the government.
Merits : 1. More stability and credibility
2.Government interferes and correct the BoP deficits by official reserve sales
Demerits: 1. Inadequacy of FER leads to instability - creates doubts on Governments’
ability to manage FERs.
2. Forced Devaluation – possible speculation attack on currency
3+3
b. Flexible Exchange Rates: refers to the exchange rate determined by the market
forces – demand and supply of currencies.
Merits: 1. No Governments’ interference
2. No need to maintain huge reserves – automatic management of BoP
Demerits: 1. Subjected to international market fluctuations
2.Speculation leads to uncertainty

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

18
PART E
VIII Answer any two of the following projects and assignment-oriented questions 5x2=10
41 Find the missing products in the following table.
Ans Factor (L) TPL MPL APL
0 0 0 0
1 15 15 15
2 25 10 12.5 5
3 50 25 16.66
4 60 10 15
5 68 8 13.60

42 Draw a diagram for the following table and identify the equilibrium point, equilibrium
price, equilibrium quantity, excess demand and excess supply in diagram.
P QD QS
1 25 5
2 20 10
3 15 15
4 10 20
5 5 25
Ans 6

5

4 Excess Supply
Equilibrium Price

3 E
Equilibrium Point
2
Excess Demand 5
1

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Equilibrium quantity
QD QS

43 Prepare a Surplus budget on monthly Income and Expenditure of your family.
Ans Surplus Budget of a Family
Sources of Income Heads of Expenditure
1.Sale of Agricultural Produce 5000 1. Grocery 4000
2.Income from wages 2000 2. Education 2000
3.Dairying 1500 3. Transportation 1000
5
4.Poultry 1000 4. Health 2000
5.Other sources 500 5. Other expenses 500
Total 10000 Total 9500
[Note: students can write any other sources of income and heads of expenditure of
their choice with different values]

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

19
PART F
For Visually Challenged Students Only
41 Give the meaning of TPL, MPL and APL.

Ans 1. Total Product: The total volume of goods produced by the firm using specified
quantity of variable and fixed inputs is referred to as total product. Or the relationship
between the variable input and output, keeping all other inputs constant, is referred to
as total product.
TP=∑MP [ ∑MP= summation of marginal products]
2. Average Product: is defined as the output per unit of variable input. It is calculated
by dividing TP by the number of units of variable factors.
5
AP= [ TP = Total Product, L = Labour units ]
3. Marginal Product: is the change in output per unit of change in the input when all
other inputs are held constant.

MP= or MPL = TPn – TPn-1
[ ΔTP = change in total product, ΔL = change in variable input]
42 Give the meaning of Market Equilibrium, Equilibrium Price, Equilibrium quantity,
Excess demand and Excess supply.
Ans 1. Market Equilibrium is a situation where the plans of all consumers and firms in 5
the markets match. Or the situation where the market demand equals market
supply.
2. Equilibrium Price is the price at which the market demand equals market supply.
3. Equilibrium quantity is the quantity bought and sold at equilibrium price.
4. Excess Demand is the situation where market demand exceeds market supply.
5. Excess Supply is the situation where market supply exceeds market demand.

IIPUC EXAM-1, MARCH 2025 KSEAB 22 - ECONOMICS MODEL ANSWERS

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